Sentences with phrase «background variables by»

Typically, researchers studying voucher effects attempt to isolate the effect of receiving a voucher from family background variables by comparing students who have the opportunity to use vouchers and choose to pursue it with those that do not take advantage of their opportunity.

Not exact matches

In order to figure out why, the researchers ruled out a number of possibilities by controlling for variables such as family background and health.

Claiming that education is misguided and misdirected, Orr supports his argument by noting that students live mainly in urban or suburban settings and come from variable and uncertain home backgrounds.

Because students and parents selectively chose schools, however, OLS estimates may be biased by correlation between school choice and unobserved variables related to ability, motivation, or family background.

This is not to say that such variables as neighborhood characteristics have no effect, only that the effect of such variables is already captured by the handful of social background characteristics, such as WIC participation, that we incorporated into our analysis.

However, researchers generally agree that up to two - thirds of the variation in student achievement is explainable by individual student characteristics like family background and such variables.

Accordingly, there is much research about how such survey data can be gamed and manipulated by instructors (e.g., via the use of external incentives / disincentives), can be biased by respondent or student background variables (e.g., charisma, attractiveness, gender and race as compared to the gender and race of the teacher or instructor, grade expected or earned in the class, overall grade point average, perceived course difficulty or the lack thereof), and the like.

Because the evidence on confounding by student background variables is mixed, those who make decisions about teachers should allow for its potential to occur.

By using a variety of variables focusing on student achievement, family background, and school characteristics from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (HSLS: 09) I wanted to see if I could shed light on the school choice debate.

SETTLEMENT II, 2005 (FOREGROUND) Variable mild steel blocks 22.5 x 205 x 60 cm SETTLEMENT, 2005 (background) Variable mild steel blocks 24 x 208.5 x 60 cm Installation view, Galerie Thaddaeus Ropac, Paris, France, 2006 Photograph by Charles Duprat, Paris

These effects remained significant when controlling for personal background variables; importantly, the influence of question wording was not moderated by any of them (Fs < 1.13, ns, for all interactions).

There could be a degree of randomness on short timescales as regards any ongoing modulation by other variable or chaotic influences but they remain present in the background nonetheless.

All I contend is that sun and oceans together with the variable speed of the hydrological cycle assisted by the latitudinal movements of the air circulation systems and the vertical movement of the tropopause overwhelmingly provide the background trend and combine to prevent changes in the air alone changing the Earth's equilibrium temperature.

Baseline assessments are conducted by telephone prior to randomisation, and include background variables and economic analysis information.

A Socio - demographic questionnaire was designed by the first author to collect socio - demographic background - information such as participant's age, gender, education, length of marriage, number of children, spouse's age and education, and some other socio - demographic variables.

Mean levels of psychological well - being by parental status, controlling for sociodemographic background variables.

Background characteristics at study entry and descriptive statistics for key variables, by maternal controlling feeding profiles (n = 180) 1