The ceilometer (CEIL) is a remote - sensing instrument that measures cloud height, vertical visibility, and potential
backscatter signals by aerosols.
«Because of the unique structure of FM radio signals, multiplying the original signal with
the backscattered signal actually produces an additive frequency change,» said co-author Vamsi Talla, a UW postdoctoral researcher in computer science and engineering.
The radar wind profiler / radio acoustic sounding system (RWP / RASS), available in 915 - MHz (for U.S. deployments) and 1290 - MHz (for foreign deployments), measures wind profiles and
backscattered signal strength between (nominally) 0.1 km and 5 km and virtual temperature profiles between 0.1 km and 2.5 km.
From the time delay between each outgoing pulse and
the backscattered signal, the distance to the scatterer is inferred.
Following major volcanic eruptions, it is necessary to avoid corruption of
the backscattered signal caused by enhanced aerosols.
The radar wind profiler measures wind profiles,
backscattered signal strength, and virtual temperature profiles.
The strength of
the backscattered signal is determined by the strength of temperature inhomogeneities with size on the order of 10 centimeters (cm).
The SODAR (Sonic Detection and Ranging) wind profiler measures wind profiles and
backscattered signal strength between (nominally) 15 meters (m) and 500 m.
Not exact matches
The frequencies of the
backscattered light are measured by an optical receiver and those
signals are processed to determine temperatures.
«The high detection efficiency and low dark count rate of the SNSPD means that the weak
signal from the
backscattered light can be detected with a high
signal - to - noise ratio,» said Xia.
The team demonstrated three different methods for sending audio
signals and data using FM
backscatter: one simply overlays the new information on top of the existing
signals, another takes advantage of unused portions of a stereo FM broadcast, and the third uses cooperation between two smartphones to decode the message.
Now, using a technique called «ambient
backscatter,» University of Washington researchers are doing just that: They have transformed existing wireless
signals into both a power source and a communication medium for a sensor network.
A team at Disney Research is looking at harnessing a technique called ultra-wideband (UWB) ambient
backscatter, which would allow IoT devices to save power and ditch their radio transmitters by piggybacking their communications on the multitude of FM and cellular
signals already in the air.
The team at UW has previously showed how an ambient
backscatter technique can convert existing TV and cellular
signals into electricity, allowing for battery - free sensors to be embedded into objects.
The system recognized live and deceased sharks, but it «does not record the raw
signal, but as [sic] a series of individual images, which can be reviewed as moving images,» making the instant removal of «
backscatter» impossible and impractical.