Sentences with phrase «bacterial resistance genes»

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They note that targeting inflammation to treat infections offers an advantage over antibiotic therapy, as the former hinders gene transfer and the evolution of pathogens, while the latter promotes bacterial evolution and, ultimately, antibiotic resistance.

Bacteriophages, or viruses that infect bacterial pathogens, may also act as vectors of virulence or of antibiotic resistance genes, ultimately making bacterial disease worse for the host.

But the rapid rise of bacterial genes for drug resistance stems from more than lucky mutation, Levy adds.

A plasmid, a simple kind of DNA - delivery vehicle, will move a gene for antibiotic resistance into the bacterial cells, jump - starting the Crispr - Cas9 system.

Bacteria expressing enzyme in one cell (bright green), while genetically identical cells do not, remaining protected from antibiotic onslaught; image courtesy of Yuichi Wakamoto / Neeraj Dhar / John McKinney Some strains of nasty bacterial infections, such as MRSA (methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus), come loaded with resistance to antibiotics built right into their genes.

A plasmid is like a bacterial gene delivery truck; it is the primary way antibiotic resistance genes spread between bacteria.

The team cut and pasted a bovine gene for NRAMP1, a protein linked to resistance against TB and other bacterial infections, into fetal dairy cow genomes.

«If you think of the conjugative transfer of resistance genes as bacterial sex, you have to think of tetracycline as the aphrodisiac,» she says.

By comparing differences in the gene that confers antibiotic resistance, as well as other pieces of DNA, the team determined that 70 % of their samples included just five bacterial strains.

They found that the phages from antibiotic - treated mice carried significantly higher numbers of bacterial drug - resistance genes than they would have carried by chance.

The genes encoding NDM - 1 and other antibiotic resistance factors are usually carried on plasmids — circular strands of DNA separate from the bacterial genome — making it easier for them to spread through populations.

These crops, being embraced by big agriculture in the U.S., carry genes that imbue them with resistance to herbicides and lace their tissues with a bacterial toxin harmless to humans but fatal to pests that may try to feed on them.

Researchers will also want to find out whether bacterial integrons of other species can also pick up genes besides those for antibiotic resistance.

While antibiotic resistance genes are not harmful in themselves, they limit the use of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections and pose a serious threat to global public health if they get transmitted to humans from environmental sources, such as compost.

«Antibiotics don't promote swapping of resistance genes: Bacterial resistance spreads through population dynamics, not an increase in gene transfers.»

Plasmids are also key players in moving antibiotic resistance genes between different bacterial species.

The message seems clear: antibiotics are losing their magic touch after decades of incautious prescription, improper use and the inevitable spread of bacterial genes that confer drug resistance.

These genes exist on plasmids, small segments of DNA that are capable of moving from one bacterium to another, potentially spreading antibiotic resistance to other bacterial species.

Of the locations sampled in the study, resistance genes that are most likely to be mobile and able to jump from one bacterial strain to another were found in the highest numbers in the chicken coops of villagers in El Salvador and in the outgoing «gray» water from the sewage treatment plant outside Lima.

«We were not terribly surprised by the resistance genes that track with bacterial family trees.

These resistance genes can be spread among different bacterial species by bacteriophage,...

The availability of molecular markers for these genes, which help breeders improve the accuracy and speed of developing new varieties, has made improving resistance to bacterial blight more efficient.

Uncoupling PR Gene Expression from NPR1 and Bacterial Resistance: Characterization of the Dominant Arabidopsis cpr 6 - 1 Mutant

Using new techniques they developed, the investigators identified almost 800 genes in these bacterial communities that confer resistance to antibiotics.

By sequencing all of the bacterial DNA in these fecal samples, the investigators identified resistance genes to 16 different antibiotics.

Functional analysis showed significant differences between the metagenomes and the downstream bacterial communities contained a high abundance of genes associated with antibiotic resistance (COG0294, 3570, 3231, 1357), replication and mobilization of DNA (COG3668, TIGR01629, TIGR02768) and membrane transporters (COG0488, TIGR02294)(Tables S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11).

Short - read, high - throughput sequencing technology can not identify the chromosomal position of repetitive insertion sequences that typically flank horizontally acquired genes such as bacterial virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes.

Taken together, our data shows that exposure to effluent contaminated with antibiotics promote resistance genes in environmental bacterial communities.

We postulated that plasmids carrying carbapenemase genes were exchanged between bacterial hosts in sewage, and used short - read (Illumina) and long - read (MinION) technologies to characterize plasmids encoding resistance to antimicrobials and heavy metals.