Summertime transport is characterized by distinct upper - and lower - level transport modes, which form by convective injection and boundary - layer outflow into a summertime marine troposphere of high stability and
weak baroclinicity.
The precise relationship between the NAO and the storm tracks remains to be determined, as do a number of aspects of storm track dynamics, including their precise relation to the stationary eddies and to the regions of
largest baroclinicity.
The meridional structure of the thermal tropopause displays a jump in height at the jet latitude, which appears to be due to the formation of a mixing barrier at the jet maximum
when baroclinicity has a finite vertical scale.
Similarly, if as a number of recent studies suggest, anthropogenic climate forcing leads to a greater tendency for the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)[or related «Arctic Oscillation» (AO)-RSB- pattern, we would expect
increased baroclinicity and storminess over a substantial region of the mid-latitude North Atlantic ocean and neighboring western Europe..
Certainly, there's more to life than
baroclinicity, so the simplistic reasoning in the Op - Ed is not compelling.
Ocean surface cooling, in the North Atlantic as well as the Southern Ocean, increases tropospheric horizontal temperature gradients, eddy kinetic energy and
baroclinicity, which drive more powerful storms.
The intensity of this temperature gradient is referred to as
the baroclinicity of the front.