Sentences with phrase «based on surface level»

The ULab approach advocates resisting the strong temptation to move immediately to solutions based on surface level observations but to take time instead to go deeper, to explore the underlying root causes and to gain understanding and empathy for the experience of human beings who participate in the system.

Not exact matches

Empowerment, informed choice and evidence - based care were missing from the conversation, at least on the surface level.

Without the dispersant injection, the model showed that benzene concentrations in the air 2 meters above the sea surface would have been 13 times higher than the levels considered acceptable to breathe during a 10 - hour working day or a 40 - hour work week, based on guidelines by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

Schmidt's rough estimate, which he posted on Twitter, is based on the extraordinary and unprecedented warming over the past 12 months, during which time global surface temperatures have shot past the 1 °C above pre-industrial level.

For example, as a field - based Environmental Protection Officer you might draw on one of a number of scientific backgrounds: chemistry (assessing chemistry data for environmental discharges), biology (assessing the impact of pollution), or geology (assessing the risk to ground water from a surface - level spillage).

Of course, while short - term changes in sea level can be predicted fairly accurately based on the motions of the moon and sun, it is a lot harder predicting the ups and downs of the average global surface temperature — there is a lot of noise, or natural variation, in the system.

The first image, based on data from January 1997 when El Nio was still strengthening shows a sea level rise along the Equator in the eastern Pacific Ocean of up to 34 centimeters with the red colors indicating an associated change in sea surface temperature of up to 5.4 degrees C.

To enhance the catalytic reactivity of anatase and the efficiency of devices for solar energy conversion based on anatase, it is critical to gain in - depth understanding and control of the reactions taking place at the surface of this material down to the atomic level.

This product uses the technology of fruit base cells to help nurture and feed the skin at a much deeper level and leave it smoother on the surface.

«Moisturizers contain humectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil - based products contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface level,» explains Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare Center.

The screenplay is by Lawrence Kasdan, based on a story by Philip Kaufman, George Lucas and an uncredited Spielberg, whose movie is great fun on the surface — one of the classic entertainments — and then has a buried level.

Chicago's evaluation system, developed in the 1970s, is based on «a checklist of subjective, surface level details such as references to clothing, administrative tasks, and bulletin boards,» the Chicago Public Schools said in a press release earlier this year.

Instead of correcting all sheets looking for the same answers, surface and deep thinking were probed at different levels based on where the students were at the time of the teacher responses.

Rooted in just a single measure for evaluating teacher performance, today's evaluation system is based on a checklist of subjective, surface level details such as references to clothing, administrative tasks and bulletin boards.

ABS,4 - Wheel Disc Brakes,5 - Speed A / T, 8 Cylinder Engine, A / C, A / T, Active Suspension, Adjustable Steering Wheel, Air Suspension, Security System, All Wheel Drive, Aluminum Wheels, AM / FM Stereo, Transmission w / Dual Shift Mode, Automatic Headlights, Brake Assist, Bucket Seats, CD Player, Climate Control, Cruise Control, Daytime Running Lights, Driver Air Bag, Driver Illuminated Vanity Mirror, Driver Adjustable Lumbar, Driver Vanity Mirror,Multi - Zone A / C, Auto - Dimming Rearview Mirror, Fog Lamps, Floor Mats, Front Reading Lamps, Gasoline Fuel, Heated Front Seat (s), Heated Mirrors, HID headlights, Intermittent Wipers, Keyless Entry, Leather Seats, Leather Steering Wheel, Mirror Memory, Navigation System, Telematics, Passenger Air Bag, Passenger Illuminated Visor Mirror, Passenger Adjustable Lumbar, Passenger Vanity Mirror, Power Door Locks, Power Mirror (s), Power Driver Seat, Power Folding Mirrors, Power Passenger Seat, Power Steering, Sun / Moonroof, Power Windows, Premium Sound System, Rain Sensing Wipers, Rear Side Air Bag, Rear Defrost, Rear Head Air Bag, Rear Reading Lamps, Seat Memory, Front Side Air Bag, Front Head Air Bag, Steering Wheel Audio Controls, Sun / Moon Roof, Tires - Front Performance, Tires - Rear Performance, Traction Control, Trip Computer, Universal Garage Door Opener, Variable Speed Intermittent Wipers, Engine Immobilizer, Woodgrain Interior Trim, Door / trunk closing assist feature, Driver programmable daytime running headlamps,Driver - selectable auto on Bi-Xenon high intensity discharge headlamps w / auto level control, heated washers, Halogen front fog lamps, Infared reflective glass, Pwr folding heated memory side mirrors w / auto - dimming left - side mirror, park assist right - side mirror, Pwr tilt / sliding tinted glass sunroof w / one - touch express open / close & memory,Rain - sensing wipers w / heated washer system, heated wiper parking position, Single red rear fog lamp, (4) illuminated vanity mirrors,14 - way pwr heated adjustable memory front bucket seats w / pneumatically adjustable lumbar support, AM / FM / weatherband stereo w / CD, CD changer controls,Anti - theft alarm system w / tow - away protection, remote panic feature, auto notification via Tele Aid,Auto - dimming memory rearview mirror, Bose sound system - inc: (10) speakers, Bose Audio Pilot digital processing, Carpeted floor mats, Cruise control, Dual zone auto climate control - inc: vents in rear of console, individual left / right temp controls, rest mode, charcoal filter, humidity sensor, Front center armrest w / illuminated climate - controlled storage, retractable cupholders, Front seatback magazine pockets,Gauges - inc: electro - luminescent analog speedometer, tachometer, fuel & coolant, GPS / CD - ROM based navigation system, Hand polished burl walnut wood trim - inc: dash, console, doors, shift gate, HomeLink compatible 3 - button garage door control, Leather trimmed shift knob,Lighting - inc: front Xenon reading lamps, rear reading lamps, courtesy lamps w / programmable fade - out time, Multifunction display in speedometer face - inc: odometer, trip meter / computer, flexible service system, oil level, digital speed readout, radio / CD / phone status, Multifunction steering wheel - inc: audio, phone, climate & multifunction display controls, Nappa leather seating surfaces, Premium leather upholstery - inc: head restraints, center armrests, door trim inserts, Pwr rear window sunshade w / one - touch express up / down, Pwr tilt / telescopic leather trimmed steering wheel w / easy exit & memory features, Pwr windows w / one - touch express up / down for all windows, Rear center armrest w / retractable cupholders, Rear window defroster w / auto shutoff, Smartkey system - inc: selectively remote central unlock / locking system, engine disabling security feature, outside control of windows / sunroof, Tele Aid GPS system - inc: 24 hr cellular link to provide emergency aid, information & roadside assistance, automatic collision / alarm notification, stolen vehicle tracking, remote keyless unlocking services, 17 x 7.5 7 - spoke aluminum - alloy wheels,4 - wheel electronic traction system (4 - ETS), 5 - speed automatic transmission w / touch shift & 2nd gear start, 5.0 L SOHC SMPI 24 - valve aluminum - alloy V8 engine, Airmatic air suspension w / adaptive damping system, All wheel drive,Anti - lock braking system (ABS), Brake assist system (applies full braking pwr automatically when needed), Cross-drilled vented front / rear disc brakes w / front Brembo 4 - piston calipers, rear 2 - piston calipers, Electronic brake force distribution, Independent 4 - link front suspension w / anti-dive geometry, Independent 5 - link rear suspension w / anti-dive geometry, P225 / 55HR17 all - season performance SBR tires,Speed - sensitive pwr rack & pinion steering,3 - point seat belts for all seating positions,Anti - lock braking system (ABS), Driver programmable daytime running headlamps, Driver / front passenger front air bag, Head curtain air bag for all outboard seating positions, LATCH universal tethers / anchors for rear outboard seating positions,PRE - SAFE feature (Helps prepare occupants for a possible collision by tightening front seat belts, adjusts all pwr seats & if a possible rollover occurs, will close sunroof), Side - impact body protection air bag for all outboard seating positions

The EX was the top - of - the - line Forte trim level, adding features to the base LX, such as: sixteen - inch aluminum - alloy wheels (seventeen - inch on 2016 + models), front fog lamps, power - folding side mirrors with integrated turn signals, a seven - inch touch - screen infotainment system featuring Apple CarPlay and Android Auto (2016 + models only), a six - speaker audio system, a leather - wrapped multifunction steering wheel, and perforated luxury leather - trimmed seating surfaces with dual heated front bucket seats (2016 + models only).

For a surface - level look at how different ebook markets are faring — based on the only information available to those who can glean it — read Porter Anderson's full coverage of Vienna - based industry consultant Rüdiger Wischenbart's report to the recent Publishers» Forum conference in Berlin.

The Base Flood Elevation, or BFE shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) for high - risk flood zones indicates the water surface elevation resulting from a flood that has a one percent chance of equaling or exceeding that level in any given year.

Quick Look: Cage Width: 24-1/2» Cage Depth: 14-1/2» Cage Height: 11-3/4» Base Material: Durable plastic Bar Material: Coated metal wire Included Accessories: Clip on food bowl, solid surface additional level, water bottle, large tube Cubic Feet: 2.4 Suitable Housing For: 1 Syrian Hamster Average Price: $ 120 - $ 150 New Pros: Deep pan, lots of included accessories, large access door Cons: Not much additional floor space with included accessories, platform obscures a large portion of ground level

Quick Look: Cage Width: 32-1/4» Cage Depth: 20» Cage Height: 16-1/2» Base Material: Durable plastic Bar Material: Coated metal wire Included Accessories: Clip on food bowl, solid surface additional level, water bottle, large tube Cubic Feet: 6.1 Suitable Housing For: 1 Syrian Hamster Average Price: $ 100 - $ 150 New Pros: Deep pan, well sized accessories, large open floor plan, large access door, can be elevated with stand (sold separately) Cons: Pan height is too high to attach wheel to wire

Onmyoji is, on a surface level, a fairly standard team battler - you build up a squad, send them into turn - based battles, level them up, and so on.

On a surface level, I feel it's easy to paint with a broad brush the history of the genre, its origins, and its player - base largely being males.

Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice > water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of glaciers; — sea water getting under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)

It is disappointing that they do not use our stuff (based on ocean reanalysis with a comprehensive model that inputs everything from SST, sea level, XBTs and Argo plus surface fluxes and winds) or that from Karina von Schuckmann.

Canadian Ice Service, 4.7, Multiple Methods As with CIS contributions in June 2009, 2010, and 2011, the 2012 forecast was derived using a combination of three methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter arctic ice thicknesses and extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predicbased on observed end - of - winter arctic ice thicknesses and extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predicBased (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictors.

Canadian Ice Service, 4.7 (+ / - 0.2), Heuristic / Statistical (same as June) The 2015 forecast was derived by considering a combination of methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predicbased on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predicBased Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictors.

We quantify sea - level commitment in the baseline case by building on Levermann et al. (10), who used physical simulations to model the SLR within a 2,000 - y envelope as the sum of the contributions of (i) ocean thermal expansion, based on six coupled climate models; (ii) mountain glacier and ice cap melting, based on surface mass balance and simplified ice dynamic models; (iii) Greenland ice sheet decay, based on a coupled regional climate model and ice sheet dynamic model; and (iv) Antarctic ice sheet decay, based on a continental - scale model parameterizing grounding line ice flux in relation to temperature.

Phytoplankton, which live close enough to the water's surface to perform photosynthesis — critical to maintaining oxygen in Earth's atmosphere — form the base of the marine food web.4 Although phytoplankton are microscopic, they can be seen from satellites when they grow in a concentrated area (bloom) on the ocean's surface.5 Zooplankton, which feed on phytoplankton, and bacterioplankton, which recycle nutrients in the water, make up the next levels of the web.4

Based on surface temperature measurements, satellites, glacial retreat, sea level rise, decrease in snow - cover in spring & fall, etc. etc..

On this basis we can estimate the 2xCO2 climate sensitivity, based on IPCC's ice core estimated of pre-industrial CO2 levels and current Mauna Loa CO2 measurements plus the 161 - year HadCRUT surface temperature recorOn this basis we can estimate the 2xCO2 climate sensitivity, based on IPCC's ice core estimated of pre-industrial CO2 levels and current Mauna Loa CO2 measurements plus the 161 - year HadCRUT surface temperature recoron IPCC's ice core estimated of pre-industrial CO2 levels and current Mauna Loa CO2 measurements plus the 161 - year HadCRUT surface temperature record.

Even so, Mann said, certain predictions are based on physics and chemistry that are so fundamental, such as the atmospheric greenhouse effect, that the resulting predictions — that surface temperatures should warm, ice should melt and sea level should rise — are robust no matter the assumptions.

Lukovich et al. (Centre for Earth Observation Science, U. of Manitoba); 4.6; Heuristic - Dynamics Investigation of dynamical atmospheric contributions in spring to sea ice conditions in fall, based on comparison of 2011 and 2007 stratospheric and surface winds and sea level pressure (SLP) in April and May suggests regional differences in sea ice extent in fall, in a manner consistent with recent studies highlighting the importance of coastal geometry in seasonal interpretations of sea ice cover (Eisenman, 2010).

Canadian Ice Service; 5.0; Statistical As with Canadian Ice Service (CIS) contributions in June 2009 and June 2010, the 2011 forecast was derived using a combination of three methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter Arctic Multi-Year Ice (MYI) extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice predicbased on observed end - of - winter Arctic Multi-Year Ice (MYI) extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice predicBased (OFB) Model which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice predictors.

Based on proxy records from ice, terrestrial and marine archives, the LIG is characterized by an atmospheric CO2 concentration of about 290 ppm, i.e., similar to the pre-industrial (PI) value13, mean air temperatures in Northeast Siberia that were about 9 °C higher than today14, air temperatures above the Greenland NEEM ice core site of about 8 ± 4 °C above the mean of the past millennium15, North Atlantic sea - surface temperatures of about 2 °C higher than the modern (PI) temperatures12, 16, and a global sea level 5 — 9 m above the present sea level17.

Canadian Ice Service, 4.7 (± 0.2), Heuristic / Statistical (same as June) The 2015 forecast was derived by considering a combination of methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predicbased on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predicBased Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictors.

The C - ROADS (Climate Rapid Overview and Decision Support) simulator is based on the biogeophysical and integrated assessment literature and includes representations of the carbon cycle, other GHGs, radiative forcing, global mean surface temperature, and sea level change.

This is achieved through the study of three independent records, the net heat flux into the oceans over 5 decades, the sea - level change rate based on tide gauge records over the 20th century, and the sea - surface temperature variations.

We address three hypotheses for the shell δ13C decline that is 2.5 times greater than expected based on atmospheric CO2 levels and the assumption that atmospheric CO2 is in equilibrium with the pCO2 of the surface ocean (e.g. [19]-RRB-.

This is achieved through the study of three independent records, the net heat flux into the oceans over 5 decades, the sea - level change rate based on tide gauge records over the 20th century, and the sea - surface temperature variations... We find that the total radiative forcing associated with solar cycles variations is about 5 to 7 times larger than just those associated with the TSI variations, thus implying the necessary existence of an amplification mechanism, although without pointing to which one.

But let's do a real rough check, based on the HadCRUT surface temperature record, the Mauna Loa measurement of atmospheric CO2 (after 1958) and the IPCC estimated CO2 level based on the Vostok ice cores (prior to 1958):

Based on land - surface temperatures, Africa does not appear to be affected by the «unprecedented» global warming due to the «unprecedented» global CO2 levels, which represents a catastrophic prediction failure by the IPPC and its climate models.

They further suggest that irrigation water derived from surface sources may infiltrate into aquifers, removing 0.40 to 0.48 mm / yr of sea level equivalent, based on the same assumption as for seepage from reservoirs.

Q: How can you tell the difference between willful ignorance (or maybe not ignorance but disagreement) based on an agenda, and legitimate disagreement based on really misunderstanding data, or surface level policy disagreement?

Based on these results, we conclude that (1) the sensitivity changes of the PMO6V radiometers within VIRGO during the first two years have very likely not been correctly evaluated; and that (2) the TSI variations over cycle 23 and the change in the TSI levels between the minima in 1996 and 2008 are consistent with the solar surface magnetism mechanism.

On the other hand, based on measurements (for example the Perry curves in this posting as well as others in his book), I am quite certain that a substantial portion of the LWIR energy emitted from the Surface ultimately, after a number of absorption and re-emission transactions, does make its way back down and that some of that downwelling LWIR is due to layers above the initial, first - generation extinction leveOn the other hand, based on measurements (for example the Perry curves in this posting as well as others in his book), I am quite certain that a substantial portion of the LWIR energy emitted from the Surface ultimately, after a number of absorption and re-emission transactions, does make its way back down and that some of that downwelling LWIR is due to layers above the initial, first - generation extinction leveon measurements (for example the Perry curves in this posting as well as others in his book), I am quite certain that a substantial portion of the LWIR energy emitted from the Surface ultimately, after a number of absorption and re-emission transactions, does make its way back down and that some of that downwelling LWIR is due to layers above the initial, first - generation extinction level.

That method, which we use in the NASA / GISS GCM, extrapolates the surface pressures to sea level based on elevation and the atmospheric lapse rates calculated from surface air temperatures.

In the almost sure knowledge that the earth never experienced a runaway greenhouse even with ancient CO2 levels 10 to 20 times greater than today, these anti-science scoundrels insist with a «high level of confidence» that this amplification is real and it's based on nothing more than faster than expected surface temperature rise in the past few decades which can be TOTALLY explained by multi-decadal cyclic behavior in ocean currents, trade winds, and / or solar magnetic activity causing small global average albedo changes.

Correlations with the SOI, based on normalised Tahiti minus Darwin sea level pressures, for annual (May to April) means for sea level pressure (top left) and surface temperature (top right) for 1958 to 2004, and GPCP precipitation for 1979 to 2003 (bottom left), updated from Trenberth and Caron (2000).

In strengths - based sessions, rather than focusing on surface - level relationship or marriage problems, your couple's therapist will help you identify and resolve issues at their roots so that you can work toward deep, lasting healing.