These DNA — based tests were originally developed to study
the basis of human diseases and became available for dogs in 2007.
This centre has been devised as a space for excellence research in genomic medicine, focussing on the comprehensive study and understanding of the genetic
basis of human diseases in general, placing special emphasis on cancer and its genetic disorders related to inheritance.
Ageing research and more generally the study of the functional
basis of human diseases profit enormously from the large - scale approaches and resources in mouse functional genomics: systematic targeted mutation of the mouse genome, systemic phenotyping in mouse clinics, and the archiving and distribution of the mouse resources in public repositories.
His laboratory develops and deploys new biochemical and computational methods in functional genomics, to elucidate the genetic
basis of human disease and human physiology, and to create and deploy novel techniques in next - generation sequencing and algorithms for tumor evolution, genome evolution, DNA and RNA modifications, and genome / epigenome engineering.
We are at the initial stages of understanding the genetic
basis of human disease and evolution at all levels.
As a result, the major mechanisms that underlie the contributions of non-coding variants to the genetic
basis of human disease have yet to be clearly established.
Articles cover the genetic
basis of human disease including germline cancer genetics, the clinical manifestations of genetic disorders, applications of molecular genetics to medical practice.
Not exact matches
Systems science is an interdisciplinary field that studies how the interaction
of factors produces outcomes — how the causes and consequences
of events can, taken together, form the
basis for everything from a
disease epidemic, to a pattern
of human behavior.
Using advances in genomic sequencing, the
human microbiome, proteomics, informatics, computing, and cell therapy technologies, HLI is building the world's most comprehensive database
of human genotypes and phenotypes as a
basis for a variety
of commercialization opportunities to help solve aging related
disease and
human biological decline.
Beyond the university -
based experts who also came from Harvard and the University
of Pittsburgh, U.S. symposium participants in Havana were from Memorial Sloan - Kettering Cancer Center, the Roswell Park Cancer Center, both in New York State, the Moffitt Cancer Center in Florida and the Ponce Research Institute in Puerto Rico, as well as the U.S. Department
of Health &
Human Services, the National Cancer Institute, and the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention..
Building the knowledge
base requires
humans to teach computers key concepts from curated articles; with modest online training, anyone who reads English can scan research papers for key terms — names
of genes, proteins,
diseases, and drugs — and use online marking tools to document relationships between them (for example, drug X treats
disease Y).
«The study results elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying
disease progression in multiple sclerosis models, providing a
basis for future clinical trials to determine safety and efficacy
of these chemical agents in
humans with demyelinating disorders,» says Patrizia Casaccia, MD, PhD, Professor
of Neuroscience, Genetics and Genomic Sciences at Mount Sinai and senior author
of the study.
Under the next White House Administration, Holdren said, science -
based challenges that will require sustained, robust investment include efforts to ensure safe and sustainable food, water, and energy for everyone, reduce greenhouse gases, minimize harm from climate change already underway, combat
diseases such as Zika, defeat cancer, improve quality -
of - life for those who are aging, prevent devastating asteroid impacts, and send
humans into space «not just to visit, but to stay.»
The virus -
based vaccine seems «a very viable» way to one day treat existing
disease in
humans, says Fernando Goni at the New York University School
of Medicine.
JUDY MIKOVITS HAD BEEN SO COCOONED IN the world
of AIDS that she had never heard
of chronic fatigue syndrome until 2006, when she was hired to consult for a Santa Barbara —
based foundation supporting investigation into
human herpes virus six (HHV6), which had been implicated in the
disease.
The
human cell -
based disease model is expected to lead to a better understanding
of these disorders and other illnesses, Hsiao said.
The findings also point to the potential for new therapies for lupus and other autoimmune
disease based on inhibiting the action
of EBNA2 or other
human proteins that bind to DNA at the same loci along with the viral protein, the researchers say.
«We are analyzing massively large sets
of human genomic data to ultimately improve our understanding
of genetic
basis of diseases.»
«Our results indicate that
based just on the pattern
of virus attachment the H7N9 currently emerging in China has the potential both to cause severe pulmonary
disease and to be efficiently transmitted among
humans,» says Dr. Kuiken.
Mardinoglu says the team's network modeling approach, which relied on data from the Sweden -
based Human Protein Atlas project and The Genotype - Tissue Expression (GTEx) project consortia, can be used in the identification
of drug targets and eventually in the development
of efficient strategies for treating a number
of chronic liver
diseases.
Suspecting that the
disease works differently in
humans, whose brains are much bigger and more complex than those
of lab animals, Brivanlou, along with research associates Albert Ruzo and Gist Croft, developed a cell -
based human system for their research.
The gift accompanies a paper published online today in Nature from researchers at Broad and worldwide, which identifies more than 100 areas
of the
human genome associated with schizophrenia,
based on samples from almost 37,000 people with schizophrenia and about 113,000 without the
disease.
The internet -
based outbreak reporting system — which reports on
human, animal, and plant
disease outbreaks — operates under the auspices
of the International Society for Infectious Diseases.
On the
basis of those results, at least one company is attempting to replicate the effect in
humans using blood plasma from healthy young people to treat patients with Alzheimer's
disease.
He added that the existence
of episodic memory in lower animals has implications for research on
human diseases that affect memory, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's
diseases, since the majority
of research on the brain — and the drugs used to treat memory
diseases and dementia — start out
based on insights into how the brain works in rats.
In recent years, interest in this fifth DNA
base has increased by showing that alterations in the methyl - cytosine contribute to the development
of many
human diseases, including cancer.
Because the molecule must be injected into the brain, this kind
of chemical -
based fMRI won't be applied to
humans anytime soon, says Jasanoff, but it could be used to probe addiction and
disease using animals.
He was the first to argue that diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment
of a
disease must be
based on comprehensive knowledge
of human anatomy.
Earlier versions
of these «
base editors,» which target typos related to the other half
of disease - causing genetic spelling errors, have already been used to alter genes in plants, fish, mice and even
human embryos.
The new study is
based on the development
of mouse models manifesting the
disease that causes megalencephaly, spasticity and ataxia in
humans.
As part
of the precision medicine initiative at the Cancer Institute
of New Jersey, investigators — which include colleagues from Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and RUCDR Infinite Biologics, the world's largest university -
based biorepository, located within the
Human Genetics Institute
of New Jersey — wanted to define the relationship
of ERBB2 alterations in the pleomorphic form
of the
disease.
Theoretically, this precise molecular characterization
of human disease will allow us to understand the
basis for
disease susceptibility and environmental influence; to offer an explanation for the different phenotypic manifestations
of the same
disease; to define
disease prognosis with greater accuracy; and to refine and, ideally, individualize
disease treatment for optimal therapeutic efficacy.
«I am skeptical about the completeness
of the evolutionary story when it is
based exclusively on the remnants
of human disease isolates.»
The Broad Institute seeks to describe all the molecular components
of life and their connections; discover the molecular
basis of major
human diseases; develop effective new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutics; and disseminate discoveries, tools, methods, and data openly to the entire scientific community.
This blueprint should come in handy in sussing out the molecular
basis of human variation and
disease and in discovering potential new treatments.
The purpose
of this perspective is to provide a logical
basis for a new approach to classifying
human disease that uses conventional reductionism and incorporates the non ‐ reductionist approach
of systems biomedicine.
«The microscope lets us examine cells on an individual
basis, much as we would
human patients,» said Finkbeiner, director
of the Taube / Koret Center for Neurodegenerative
Disease Research.
A total
of 22 mouse mutant lines can be characterised through a broad
based primary phenotyping pipeline in all the major adult organ systems and most areas
of major
human disease.
The Clinical Research Forum Board
of Directors selected winners
based on the degree
of innovation and novelty involved in the advancement
of science; contribution to the understanding
of human disease and / or physiology; and potential impact upon the diagnosis, prevention and / or treatment
of disease.
The Center, which collaborates with CiRA, is creating
human, iPS -
based disease models needed to accelerate drug development for a host
of devastating for cardiovascular, viral and neurological illnesses.
With advanced technology
based on this discovery, scientists can now edit the genomes
of human cells to learn what causes intractable
diseases — and find new ways to treat or cure them.
University
of Dayton biologist Amit Singh is studying early eye development in fruit flies to understand the molecular
basis of retinal
disease and birth defects in the
human eye under a new $ 439,499 grant from the National Institutes
of Health.
The strategy developed by research teams and development
of I - Stem aims to identify innovative therapies applicable to rare genetic
diseases based on exploring the potential offered by
human pluripotent stem cells.
«This agreement is a part
of deCODE's ongoing strategy to unleash the value
of human genetics,» said Kari Stefansson, founder and CEO
of deCODE, «our research platform allows us to understand the genetic
basis of disease and modifiers
of clinical phenotypes in actual patient populations; by doing so, we can rapidly move from targets to patient stratification and from there to companion diagnostics.»
Major focus areas include
human genome interpretation and genetic dissection
of novel rare
diseases, predictive genomic signatures
of response to therapy — especially cancer therapy, and novel sequencing -
based assays as biomarkers
of disease.
He is
based at the University
of Oxford, where he leads a group that is using large - scale
human genetic data to improve prediction, prevention and treatment
of disease.
Using advances in genomic sequencing, the
human microbiome, proteomics, informatics, computing, and cell therapy technologies, HLI is building the world's most comprehensive database
of human genotypes and phenotypes as a
basis for a variety
of commercialization opportunities to help solve aging related
disease and
human biological decline.
Researchers have unraveled the molecular
basis of many
human disorders, and a very large part (over 80 percent)
of the genes we know to be associated with
human disease (e.g. Parkinson's and addiction) have homologues in zebrafish.
It is
based on the scientific understanding and high - throughput analyses
of human immune responses to
disease - related proteins in selected populations including elderly with the capability to stay healthy during the aging process.
PHENOMIN - ICS services will ultimately help the scientific community in the use the mouse model, first to develop a complete functional annotation
of the
human genome and second to better understand
human diseases and their underlying physiological and pathological
basis.