Sentences with phrase «behavior of organisms»

The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis.

The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis.

This was first demonstrated in research by B.F. Skinner and presented in his renowned treatise, «The Behavior of Organisms» (Skinner, 1938).

Agile Mind Biology helps ensure that students gain an essential understanding of challenging concepts and processes from all six major National Science Education Standards content strands: the cell; the molecular basis of heredity; biological evolution; the interdependence of organisms; matter, energy, and organization in living systems; and the behavior of organisms.

«What I like about the circadian clocks and chemotaxis systems is the protein networks are tied intimately to the behavior of the organisms,» says Crane.

All biologists agree that the behavior of organisms as a whole is directive, in the sense that in the course of evolution some at least of it has been modified by selection so as to lead with greater or less certainty towards states which favour the survival and reproduction of the individual.

We now realize we can not fully appreciate the behavior of an organism except within the context of its own niche.

One could understand the behavior of an organism when one understood its purposes.

Second, successive occasions build upon the achievements of their predecessors, in this respect, in such a way as significantly to modify the behavior of the organism as a whole.

It seems to me less arbitrary and more logical to go along with Jennings (quoted by Agar 1943, p. 153), who wrote after years of study on the behavior of amoebae: «I am thoroughly convinced, after long study of the behavior of this organism, that if Amoeba were a large animal, so as to come within the every day experience of human beings, its behavior would at once call forth the attribution to it of states of pleasure and pain, of hunger, desire, and the like, on precisely the same basis as we attribute these things to the dog.»

The finding shows that changes in the genetic code don't always dictate changes in the appearance, function, or behavior of an organism.

The team exploited the natural behavior of the organism — which is to attach by its cilia to a smooth surface, such as a microscope glass cover.

She is inspired by the living conditions, social phenomena and behaviors of organisms.

Not exact matches

Definition of BEHAVIOR 1a: the manner of conducting oneself b: anything that an organism does involving action and response to sti.mulation c: the response of an individual, group, or species to its environment Glad that we know people are not born gay.

And finally, an important observation is furnished by Bronislaw Malinowski, who describes the transition from ordinary human experience to religious experience and belief as a «breaking point» to which the human organism reacts in spontaneous outbursts, and in which rudimentary modes of behavior and rudimentary beliefs are engendered.15

They provide the organism, or, as Santayana puts it, the psyche (this being the power of the organism to develop and protect its form in a manner responsive to the environment) with its consciousness (symbolic rather than literal of what and where it is, and of what it is up to, but play no real part in controlling its behavior.

In reality, they assumed, a deeper analysis of organisms shows that their behavior is also explained by efficient causes operating among their parts or on them from without.

In homosexual behavior the bodily joining of their practitioners, whether homosexual or heterosexual, does not unite them biologically as one complete procreative organism.

In vegetables and perhaps in very simple animals no such dominant occasion occurs, but in the higher organisms, especially where a fully developed central nervous system and brain is found, there is strong indication of centralized control of many aspects of the animals behavior.

The superego, a subsystem of the ego, develops by internalizing the culture's values in order to guide the organism's behavior in ways approved by that particular society.

But animals, and even vegetables, in low forms of organism exhibit modes of behavior directed towards self - preservation.

Prediction of the behavior of (as yet) unobserved organisms in the environment inferred to is grounded, ultimately, in the analogy between the environments.

A word familiar to all fans of science fiction, mutation refers to any sudden change in DNA — deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic blueprint for an organism — that creates a change in an organism's appearance, behavior, or health.

So certainly reductionism has great strengths — it's sort of the super highway of biology but it also has limitations in the sense that you need to combine it with synthesis with an approach that looks at the whole organism, that looks at complex behavior and that looks at complex neurocircuitry.

A younger generation of paleontologists, in contrast, has focused on reconstructing intimate details like growth rates and behaviors using modern techniques normally associated with the study of living organisms.

Curtis, a self - described «seasoned disgust researcher,» pinpoints the roots of revulsion in an organism's parasite and pathogen avoidance behaviors.

«Changing the way learning occurs in the nucleus accumbens is a pretty serious thing for the [future behavior] of the organism,» Wolf says.

The first is changes to the environment that significantly alter habitat, in effect» «altering the rules of the game,»» as Arens puts it, so that physical characteristics and behavior that once proved adaptive for certain organisms — dinosaurs, for instance, that relied on flowering plants for food — no longer work as well.

Because viruses can evolve so quickly, she says, they may provide examples of biological behaviors that haven't developed in more slowly evolving organisms.

The Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, California, combines genomic experimentation and computer modeling to predict the behavior of cells and organisms in response to genetic and environmental changes.

The threat this time is from nanotechnology and the «emergent behaviors» by which large groups of tiny mindless entities shape themselves into a single purposeful, highly intelligent organism.

You may have heard of a landscape of fear — how a predator can influence an ecosystem not just by eating its prey, but also by introducing fear into the system, changing the behavior of many organisms.

Further, by being able to precisely measure electron density, it will now be possible to clarify through computer simulation the important behaviors of active ion species that play important roles in their interaction with living organisms and materials hazardous to the environment.

Cózar adds: «These microplastics have an influence on the behavior and the food chain of marine organisms.

So over time, changes in the cytoskeleton form the shape and behavior of cells and, ultimately, the structure and function of the organism as a whole.

«The honey bee is a highly social organism, so the behavior of thousands of bees are essential for the survival of the colony,» said Nieh.»

The living organism is often too complex to identify the specific causes of a particular cellular behavior.

Part of the answer can be found in a new study appearing this week in Science that shows how the sudden emergence of just one or two new genes can profoundly transform organisms» appearance, behavior and ecological niche.

Nature is full of collective patterns that emerge from the behavior of individual organisms.

But evolutionary principals dictate that the behaviors and actions of any organism (whether plants, animals or tumor cells) come with advantages and disadvantages.

At the conference, biologists who work mostly in the field observing the behaviors of bees, ants, wolves, slime molds and other creatures tended to look for the mechanics of natural selection at the behavioral level by examining how individual organisms self - organize into hives, nests, packs, conglomerates or families.

Though they have only shown epimutations in two species of M. circinelloides, they have already been approached by a number of other researchers who are interested in investigating similar unstable behavior in other organisms like Aspergillus and Neurospora.

Manipulating biological processes with minimal interference, from the cellular level to the behavior of whole organisms, is a burgeoning scientific effort to better understand how living things work and to develop more effective treatments for a range of medical disorders.

The technique» «greatly enhances the capabilities for optogenetic control»» in worms, says Deisseroth.Leifer hopes it could some day help scientists create complete simulations of the organism's behavior.

Yet this seemingly primitive organism is capable of some surprisingly complex behaviors.

In addition, we will study another simple organism — the fruit fly — to elucidate how the entire brain coordinates behavior in the face of an ever - changing environment.

Specifically, in [12], it is shown that zebrafish responds differentially to variation in aspect ratio and color in the robotic fish; in [13], it is demonstrated that zebrafish shoals prefer such a robotic fish to an empty compartment; in [14], it is demonstrated that an interactive robot, whose tail - beat frequency responds to fish position, is able to induce preference among single organisms; and in [17], it is shown that the robotic fish is able to simultaneously attract shoals of zebrafish while repelling shoals of mosquitofish that would otherwise display aggressive behavior.

While other organisms possess similar stem - cell induced regenerative behavior, tapeworms are true masters of whole body regeneration — they can grow to enormous lengths making segments that repeatedly regenerate over their life.

The development of an organism relies on the tightly orchestrated behavior of many cells.

These mice developed hallmark signs of PD in their brains and behavior: loss of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc, impaired generation of new neurons in one of the few regions capable of producing them in adult organisms, and impaired muscle coordination similar to human victims of Parkinson's (as evidenced by difficulty in rearing up on their hind legs)(Figure 2).