But the absence of a relationship
between average school test scores and incumbents» electoral fortunes in the 2002 and 2004 school board elections raises important questions about the assumptions underlying accountability systems.
Not exact matches
When the team looked at these numbers —
average rate of improvement
between third and eighth grade in math and reading — many
schools that are traditionally thought of as «bad» suddenly seemed good.
When talking about
average income, it is important to go back to middle
school math and remember about the differences
between medians and
averages.
Between the 2010 — 2011 and 2011 — 2012
school years,
average enrollment in the
schools we studied remained stable (381.3 to 379.7 students — Table 1).
Homeschooling statistics show that those who are independently educated typically score
between the 65th and 89th percentile on such exams, while those attending traditional
schools average on the 50th percentile.
According to the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury, 140 football players - from youth to high
school, college to pro, died from heat stroke
between 1960 and 2014, with an
average of 2.6 heat stroke deaths in football for the most recent five year period from 2010 to 2014 (two in 2014).
As with magnitude, the impact frequency reported in the current study fell
between those of 6 - to 9 - year - olds and high
school athletes, with the
average player experiencing 240 impacts over the course of a season compared to 107 impacts per season for 6 - to 9 - year - old players, and 565 for high
school players.
Sadly, the fact is that, while they are one of the most - if not, the most - preventable of all catastrophic sports injuries, heat - related deaths among high
school and college football players in the United States nearly tripled
between 1994 and 2009, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, with an
average of nearly three players dying each year during that time period versus about one death per year during the previous 15 years.
So there's a huge gap
between what they're getting on an
average school night and what they require.
● Based upon parental reports, the
average grade point
average for high
school students is
between 3.15 and 3.24.
Yet, according to national transcript data, the
average high
school grade point
average is
between 2.95 and 3.0.
On
average, children who were breastfed for ≥ 8 months 1) scored
between 0.35 and 0.59 SD units higher on standardized tests of ability or achievement and teacher ratings of
school performance than children who were not breastfed, and 2) were considerably less likely than nonbreastfed children to leave
school without qualifications (relative risk = 0.38; 95 % CI: 0.25, 0.59).
Between 1995 and 2006, the farm program paid out $ 140.2 billion in crop subsidies — an
average of $ 12 billion per year, or roughly equal to the annual
school - lunch budget.
The Fiscal Equity suit resulted in an agreement
between the state and its
schools, in which the state committed to a plan to fund high and
average need districts.
Now a primary
school with fewer than 60 per cent of pupils achieving the basic standard of level 4 in reading, writing and maths (that increases to 65 per cent next year), and fewer pupils than
average making the expected levels of progress
between KS1 and KS2 will be taken over.
The age of single sport specialization significantly differed
between groups and occurred at an
average age of 12.7 ± 2.4 for high
school, 14.8 ± 2.5 for collegiate and 14.1 ± 2.8 for professional athletes.
They add that veterans feel separate from the rest of the student body because of their extended gap
between high
school and college, older
average age, and deployment experiences, thus creating additional challenges for them to integrate with the rest of the classroom.
«For example, we discovered a strong, positive correlation
between the
average years spent in
school and a population / health workforce ratio.
Women put on an
average of 2.2 pounds per year
between ages 18 and 30, says Penny Gordon - Larsen, PhD, an associate professor of nutrition in the Gillings
School of Global Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
A similar study of how growth responds to the percentage change in the labor force's
average years of
schooling found no relationship
between growth in years of
schooling and growth in GDP per capita.
The result is that African - American students who switched from public to private
schools scored, on
average, 6.3 points higher than their public
school peers; by contrast, Krueger reports effects of
between 9.1 and 9.8 points for African - Americans placed in smaller classes.
But
average effects do not necessarily apply to the 2 percent on the border line
between graduating and failing to graduate from high
school.
At the other end of the scale, children with Chinese as their first language perform well,
averaging between a B and a C at GCSE in Attainment 8 — despite having also entered secondary
school in Year 9.
On
average, in each year
between 1993 and 1996, more than 18 percent of Texas teachers decided not to remain at the
school at which they were teaching.
On
average, teachers who move
between districts after no more than two years at a
school improve their salaries, though just barely.
Some EAL pupils, such as late arrivals with Pashto as a first language, score, on
average,
between an F and an E at GCSE in Attainment 8 having arrived into the English
school system in Year 9.
While the overall employer contribution rate for public
school teachers is higher than for private - sector professionals, the group
average may mask differences
between teachers who are and are not covered by Social Security.
Taking into account the relationship
between predicted and actual spending increases, we find that increasing per - pupil spending by 10 percent in all 12
school - age years increases educational attainment by 0.3 years on
average among all children.
Although the results varied considerably
between schools, the overall achievement of students across the 28
schools represents an
average effect size of 0.6, which can be seen the shift in the relative proportions in each zone of the LAF from August to November shown in Figure 1.
However, although on
average they were one term ahead of students in all - girls
schools and one year ahead of co-ed students the gap remained the same
between the year groups, suggesting there's no value - add over time.
Graduates of career - themed high
schools that emphasized the connection
between school and getting a good job earned 11 percent more per year, on
average, than graduates of traditional high
schools eight years after graduating (Stern et al., 2010).
A compelling way to see this is to look at the relationship across
schools between the
average test - score gain students make
between the 4th and 8th grade and our summary measure of their students» fluid cognitive ability at the end of that period (see Figure 2).
In 1890, the
average adult had completed about eight years of
schooling, and by 1960, it was nearly 14 years (Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz, The Race
Between Education and Technology).
The GRC enables users to compare academic achievement in math and reading
between 2004 and 2007 for virtually every public
school district in the United States with the
average achievement in a set of 25 other countries with developed economies that might be considered our economic peers and sometime competitors.
Houston ranged
between 0.2 and 0.25, except for one year, while Dallas had the highest levels of inequality, hovering around 0.3 until the 2000 — 01
school year, when it experienced a dramatic drop in the level of inequality in the district, indicating that a greater percentage of
schools were funded at or near the district's
average allocation per pupil.
We first examine the differences
between schools in noncategorical resources by comparing each
school's per - pupil funding to the
average per - pupil funding in the district.
Across 21 comparisons (seven sites with three racial groups each), we find only two cases in which the
average difference
between the sending TPS and the receiving charter
school is greater than 10 percentage points in the concentration of the transferring student's race.
Thus, while it appears that charter students are, on
average, more likely to attend hypersegregated minority
schools, the difference
between the charter and traditional public sector is far less stark than the CRP authors suggest.
A 2013 quasi-experimental analysis found that, «on
average, extended learning time (ELT) tutorials at Match Charter Public High
School raised student achievement on the 10th grade English language arts examination
between.15 and.25 standard deviations per year.»
Moreover, there are often large differences
between the most - requested and least - requested teacher within the same
school, grade, and year: The
average difference is 7.4, and in 10 percent of grades, the difference is larger than 17.
Solving the Substitute Shortage, Part 1: Four Rules to Keep Your Best Subs Coming Back
Between kindergarten and high
school graduation, the
average student will spend 187 days — more than one full
school year — with substitute teachers.
In making our estimates, we take into account differences
between countries in their level of income, the
average number of years students are in
school, and population growth rates.
To put the gains in perspective, it may help to know that 5 to 6 percentile points is just under half of the gap
between the
average disadvantaged, minority student in Chicago public
schools and the
average middle - income, nonminority student in a suburban district.»
Using the same statistical method as in the Air Force example — which defined
average as being
between the 35th and 65th percentiles on all variables — we found that only one out of the 1,142 students in the
school was
average across all nine SEL measures.
Ironically, there could be a disjunction
between that aggregate and the
average performance of individuals at the
school, for a variety of reasons.
We address this question here by examining the link
between the establishment of charter
schools in North Carolina and
average student proficiency rates at the traditional public
schools most affected by the new source of competition.
The «burden» on NYC DOE from paying private
school tuition is the difference
between the
average tuition and legal costs associated with private placement ($ 28,571) and the
average cost for a disabled student in the traditional public
schools ($ 24,773), which works out to $ 3,798 per student.
A study of 300
schools which increased their EBacc entry rates
between 2010 and 2013 found that pupils»
average attainment in GCSE English and maths increased following the curriculum changes and that pupils at these
schools were also less likely to have left education after the age of 16, than peers at other
schools.
The study examined migration
between 2000 and 2012 and found that there were no links
between the number of migrant pupils and the performance of
schools, including the UK, where
schools with a high proportion of migrant families did not perform any differently from the
average.
Some of the acknowledged limitations of the data used in the Coleman study — the need to focus on the relationship
between teacher variables
averaged to the
school level and student achievement, in particular — have been addressed by more - recent research.