Sentences with phrase «between changes in greenhouse gases»

Insofar as it is not, and the relationship between changes in greenhouse gases is different in the future to in the past, then the two AF estimation fractional errors will differ.

Not exact matches

Lower Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative Cap by 30 Percent Between 2020 and 2030 - Cuomo «has called upon RGGI states to join New York in an effort to continue to lead the fight against climate change and drive the nation's transition toward a clean energy economy.»

Tebaldi and co-author Pierre Friedlingstein, of the University of Exeter, analyzed when scientists would be able to detect the difference between a scenario known as RCP 2.6, where greenhouse gas emissions are curbed quickly, versus two other scenarios outlined in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports.

For one thing — as Norris noted — it is difficult to distinguish between greenhouse gas — driven cloud changes and volcano - driven changes in the study's time period.

The effects of wind changes, which were found to potentially increase temperatures in the Southern Ocean between 660 feet and 2,300 feet below the surface by 2 °C, or nearly 3.6 °F, are over and above the ocean warming that's being caused by the heat - trapping effects of greenhouse gases.

In the video, Ash describes her work to understand the balance between the massive amount of methane, a greenhouse gas, under the Antarctic seafloor and the microbes that consume it and keep it from escaping to the atmosphere, as well as the microbes» susceptibility to climate change.

My contribution had its ups and downs — a low point was definitely when Judge Alsup declared «your chart sucks» in response to a powerpoint slide (right) which showed an artist's impression of the Nimbus 4 satellite at the expense of a graph of how the spectrum of outgoing long wave radiation changed in response to rising greenhouse gases between 1970 and 1997.

Between the poles of real - time catastrophe and nonevent lies the prevailing scientific view: Without big changes in emissions rates, global warming from the buildup of greenhouse gases is likely to lead to substantial, and largely irreversible, transformations of climate, ecosystems and coastlines later this century.

With climate and Greenhouse Gas thoeries of Global warming, it appears to me that of most interest is the interface between the Earth's atmosphere and space and the flow of radiated heat from the sun, what's reflected back from Earth's surface and the consequences of any change in that balance.

Specifically on the issue of global warming from greenhouse gases and climate change, the conference reached a consensus on the likelihood of a rise in the global mean temperature of between 2.7 - 8 degrees F (1.5 - 4.5 degrees C) by about 2050, but not on whether such warming has begun.

The work of reconstructing past climate changes, though it uses correlations between multiple proxies and climate, is subject to validation and in and of itself is not proof of any effect (be it solar or greenhouse gases or whatever).

Since the SST changes are global, and almost certainly tied to greenhouse gas driven global warming, there are the beginnings of a corroborated link between increases in hurricane intensity and GW — however, so far there are only a couple of ducks in a row.

If, for example, scientists had somehow underestimated the climate change between Medieval times and the Little Ice Age, or other natural climate changes, without corresponding errors in the estimated size of the causes of the changes, that would suggest stronger amplifying feedbacks and larger future warming from rising greenhouse gases than originally estimated.

«The overall slight rise (relative heating) of global total net flux at TOA between the 1980's and 1990's is confirmed in the tropics by the ERBS measurements and exceeds the estimated climate forcing changes (greenhouse gases and aerosols) for this period.

They say their findings, which focused on the effect titling had on forest clearing and disturbance in the Peruvian Amazon between 2002 and 2005, suggest that the increasing trend towards decentralized forest governance via granting indigenous groups and other local communities formal legal title to their lands could play a key role in global efforts to slow both tropical forest destruction, which the researchers note is responsible for about the same amount of greenhouse gas emissions as the transportation sector, and climate change.»

The results lead the authors to conclude that * *** «this experimental data should effectively end the argument by skeptics that no experimental evidence exists for the connection between greenhouse gas increases in the atmosphere and Climate Changes caused by global warming.».

A prominent (in the media, anyway) research study last year by Rutgers's Jennifer Francis and University of Wisconsin's Stephen Vavrus suggests that the declining temperature difference between the Arctic and the lower latitudes (adding greenhouse gases into the atmosphere warms colder, drier regions more so than warmer, wetter ones — with the notable exception of Antarctica) has led to changes in the jet stream which result in slower moving, and potentially stronger East Coast winter storm systems.

Determining the mechanisms and feedbacks involved in climate change at the end of the last ice age therefore requires an understanding of the relationship between the southern margin ice retreat and connected meltwater events to atmospheric and sea surface temperatures, ice - rafting Heinrich events, sea level rise, and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.

«In considering the question of human activity and climate change it is essential to distinguish between global warming, which is a progressive increase in the annual mean global temperature, and human - activity - induced greenhouse warming, as may, for example, be caused by the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel combustion or deforestation.&raquIn considering the question of human activity and climate change it is essential to distinguish between global warming, which is a progressive increase in the annual mean global temperature, and human - activity - induced greenhouse warming, as may, for example, be caused by the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel combustion or deforestation.&raquin the annual mean global temperature, and human - activity - induced greenhouse warming, as may, for example, be caused by the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel combustion or deforestation.»

The plan is premised, in part, on a link between greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.

In April 2014, the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that if we want to stay below the 2 °C limit, global greenhouse - gas emissions would have to decline between 1.3 percent and 3.1 percent each year, on average, between 2010 and 2050.

Also, the court ruled that there is enough evidence to assume a sufficient causal link between the Dutch greenhouse gas emissions, global climate change, and the effects (now and in the future) on the Dutch living climate.

Originally uncovered by The Center for Climate Integrity, O'Keefe's «Actions to Address Greenhouse Gas Emissions» reflects the precarious position API was in at the time: stuck between acknowledging climate change -LSB-...]

radiative forcing a change in average net radiation at the top of the troposphere resulting from a change in either solar or infrared radiation due to a change in atmospheric greenhouse gases concentrations; perturbance in the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing infrared radiation

In summary, the Conservatives de-emphasized climate change and greenhouse gas emissions in favour of addressing other forms of air pollution, a position supported by FoS president Douglas Leahey, who wrote approvingly that «the Conservatives understand that Kyoto is a failed policy, and the difference between pollution and CO2.&raquIn summary, the Conservatives de-emphasized climate change and greenhouse gas emissions in favour of addressing other forms of air pollution, a position supported by FoS president Douglas Leahey, who wrote approvingly that «the Conservatives understand that Kyoto is a failed policy, and the difference between pollution and CO2.&raquin favour of addressing other forms of air pollution, a position supported by FoS president Douglas Leahey, who wrote approvingly that «the Conservatives understand that Kyoto is a failed policy, and the difference between pollution and CO2.»

For instance, US Senator James Imhofe of Kansas called climate change «the greatest hoax ever» (Johnson, 2011) To claim that climate change science is the greatest hoax ever is at minimum, if not a lie, reckless disregard for the truth given the number of prestigious scientific organizations that have publicly supported the consensus view, the undeniable science supporting the conclusion that if greenhouse gases increase in the atmosphere some warming should be expected, the clear link between rising greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and increases in fossil fuel use around the world, as well undeniable increases in warming being that have been experienced at the global scale.

The suggestion that the scientifically based assessments carried out by the IPCC and the U.S. Global Change Research Program, which EPA used in reaching its greenhouse gas Endangerment Finding, should be set aside shows immense ignorance of the relationship between research, assessment of the state of scientific knowledge, and decision - making.

In one world, greenhouse gases, deforestation, and other climate influences were allowed to change much as they did in the real world between the mid-1800s and the presenIn one world, greenhouse gases, deforestation, and other climate influences were allowed to change much as they did in the real world between the mid-1800s and the presenin the real world between the mid-1800s and the present.

Recent work (e.g., Hurrell 1995, 1996; Thompson and Wallace 1998; Corti et al., 1999) has suggested that the observed warming over the last few decades may be manifest as a change in frequency of these naturally preferred patterns (Chapters 2 and 7) and there is now considerable interest in testing the ability of climate models to simulate such weather regimes (Chapter 8) and to see whether the greenhouse gas forced runs suggest shifts in the residence time or transitions between such regimes on long time - scales.

the myriad of sub-national climate change policies, ranging from AB - 32 in California to the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative in the northeast (It's not a coincidence that there's a high — although not perfect — correlation between the states Secretary Clinton won in the election and the location of the most ambitious climate change policies).

The United Nations» Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a global effort involving hundreds of climate scientists and the governments of 100 nations, projected in 2001 that, depending on the rate of greenhouse gas emissions and general climate sensitivities, the global average temperature would rise 2.5 to 10.4 degrees Fahrenheit between 1990 and 2100.

The near - linear rate of anthropogenic warming (predominantly from anthropogenic greenhouse gases) is shown in sources such as: «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixing»

Between its Second and Third Assessment Reports, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change elaborated long - term greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, in part to drive global ocean - atmosphere general circulation models, and ultimately to assess the urgency of action to prevent the risk of climatic cChange elaborated long - term greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, in part to drive global ocean - atmosphere general circulation models, and ultimately to assess the urgency of action to prevent the risk of climatic changechange.

In his speech, the President served up the usual red meat for climate partisans, restating the well - established fact that climate change has been incontrovertibly linked to human greenhouse gas emissions while offering dubious assertions about the link between warming and present day natural disasters.

Barnett et al. «Penetration of Human - Induced Warming into the World's Oceans» (Science, Vol 309, Issue 5732, 284 - 287, 8 July 2005) «A new study has found a «compelling agreement» between observed changes in ocean temperatures since 1960 and the changes simulated by two climate models under rising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases.

«In an important speech at Stanford University in May 1997, British Petroleum's CEO, John Browne, said: «The time to consider the policy dimensions of climate change is not when the link between greenhouse gases and climate change is conclusively proven, but when the possibility can not be discounted and is taken seriously by the society of which we are a parIn an important speech at Stanford University in May 1997, British Petroleum's CEO, John Browne, said: «The time to consider the policy dimensions of climate change is not when the link between greenhouse gases and climate change is conclusively proven, but when the possibility can not be discounted and is taken seriously by the society of which we are a parin May 1997, British Petroleum's CEO, John Browne, said: «The time to consider the policy dimensions of climate change is not when the link between greenhouse gases and climate change is conclusively proven, but when the possibility can not be discounted and is taken seriously by the society of which we are a part.

By the year 2100, the 2001 IPCC report predicted between 20 and 70 centimeters (cm) of sea level rise, while the 2007 report predicted between 18 and 59 cm over that timeframe, depending on how much greenhouse gas emissions change in the future.

«[Senator Cruz argues that the] mismatch between modeled and observed tropospheric warming in the early 21st century has only one possible explanation — computer models are a factor of three too sensitive to human - caused changes in greenhouse gases (GHGs)[13, pages 1 and 2].

Modelling from the Met Office in a 2012 report for the Environment Agency suggests that climate change could raise sea levels in the area between 20 and 90 centimetres by the end of the century, and warns that eventual sea level rise could be much higher if greenhouse gas emissions are not cut.

On the agenda are negotiations towards a landmark agreement on climate change in 2015, as well as initiatives to increase reductions of greenhouse gas emissions between now and the entry into force of the new overarching agreement set for 2020.

«The overall slow decrease of upwelling SW flux from the mid-1980's until the end of the 1990's and subsequent increase from 2000 onwards appear to caused, primarily, by changes in global cloud cover (although there is a small increase of cloud optical thickness after 2000) and is confirmed by the ERBS measurements... The overall slight rise (relative heating) of global total net flux at TOA between the 1980's and 1990's is confirmed in the tropics by the ERBS measurements and exceeds the estimated climate forcing changes (greenhouse gases and aerosols) for this period.

In no place will this internal inconsistency be more obvious than in how the IPCC deals with the discrepancy between the observed effectiveness of greenhouse gases in warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate changIn no place will this internal inconsistency be more obvious than in how the IPCC deals with the discrepancy between the observed effectiveness of greenhouse gases in warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate changin how the IPCC deals with the discrepancy between the observed effectiveness of greenhouse gases in warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate changin warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate change.

Climate change is caused by heat trapped by greenhouse gases that produce an energy imbalance between the energy flowing in and out of the upper atmosphere.

New York State energy planning based on the Reforming the Energy Vision goal to change the energy system of New York to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions 80 % from 1990 levels by 2050 is trying to choose between many expensive policy options like pricing carbon in the electric sector while at the same time attempting to understand which one (or what mix) will be the least expensive and have the fewest negative impacts on the existing system.

The interactions between a recovering ozone hole, increasing greenhouse gases, ocean currents, and other components of the climate system must still be explored in order to better understand how the Earth's climate will change in the future.

I'd really like to see the greenhouse gas forcing change between 1900 and 1944 expressed in W / m2, though to get a better feel for it.

I'm now going a step further: Humans are almost entirely the cause,» Richard Muller writes in the New York Times as his team, the Berkeley Earth Project, releases a new paper that finds an even stronger link between greenhouse gas emissions and rising temperatures worldwide than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

It tracks changes in greenhouse gas output for a number of sectors between 2005 and 2020.

In the table of changes in the variables between 1871 — 1880 and 2002 — 2011, I split the AF error standard deviation between that for CO2 and other greenhouse gases (0.291 W / m ²), and for all other items (0.343 W / m ²In the table of changes in the variables between 1871 — 1880 and 2002 — 2011, I split the AF error standard deviation between that for CO2 and other greenhouse gases (0.291 W / m ²), and for all other items (0.343 W / m ²in the variables between 1871 — 1880 and 2002 — 2011, I split the AF error standard deviation between that for CO2 and other greenhouse gases (0.291 W / m ²), and for all other items (0.343 W / m ²).

A new report lays it out: Reuters is reporting that according to a new study there is a 90 % change that global temperature increases can be held to 2 °C above 19th century levels, if average annual global investment in greenhouse gas emission reductions is 2 % of GDP between now and 2100.