Sentences with phrase «between coal and gas»

The book provides illustrative results for the choice between coal and gas (with and without carbon capture) as well as nuclear power plants.

The topping cycle reduces the amount of pollution produced when coal is burnt and also narrows the gap in efficiency between coal and gas - fired stations (Technology, 1 February 1992).

Not exact matches

The most glaring aspect is the battle between natural gas and coal.

This chart shows the major sectors of the power - generation portfolio of the US in gigawatt hours generated annually: note the dynamic between coal (black line) and natural gas (red line).

«I can't overstate the extreme competition between coal and natural gas,» Daniels said.

Coal remains cheaper, but when you factor in the reduced capital cost (gas plants cost between a quarter and a third what coal plants of equivalent output do), the life - cycle costs point to gas, even in the absence of a price on carbon emissiCoal remains cheaper, but when you factor in the reduced capital cost (gas plants cost between a quarter and a third what coal plants of equivalent output do), the life - cycle costs point to gas, even in the absence of a price on carbon emissicoal plants of equivalent output do), the life - cycle costs point to gas, even in the absence of a price on carbon emissions.

Burning gas emits just 40 % of the CO2 as deriving the same unit of energy from coal, and between 65 % and 75 % the emissions of oil.

Coal fell to just 27.6 % of US utility - scale power generation in December, and the spread between it and natural gas - fired generation widened to 616 basis points, the largest yet seen, Continue Reading

In other cases, the story is more nuanced: For example, oil and gas extraction firms benefit, while the producers of petroleum and coal products lose, echoing the tension between refiners and oil - shale producers.

It's the type of litigation that legal experts say may become more common as coastal cities and waterlogged counties draw the connection between rising waters and the burning of coal, oil and natural gas.

Reading between the lines, some see the president's statement as a signal that the administration will try to push through reforms to federal leasing programs for oil, gas and coal on public lands.

According to a RAN report published in June, 25 banks, including Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase and BNP Paribas, have invested $ 784 billion in coal mining, coal power, «extreme oil» and liquefied natural gas facilities between 2013 and 2015 (ClimateWire, June 15).

Carnegie's Caldeira and Zhang, along with Myhrvold, aimed to identify the key factors that are responsible for most of the difference in greenhouse gas emissions between individual gas and coal plants.

«There is little relationship between the RCPs and the actual historical experience of oil, gas and coal production,» Rutledge said.

Burney is examining a similar trade - off between sulfur and black carbon in the United States, as coal - fired electricity plants shift to cleaner natural gas, which emits half as much CO2 as coal per unit of electricity.

Top priorities of the Trump transition team and cabinet nominees — many who disregard the connection between global warming and fossil fuel energy use — include rolling back eight years of Obama administration climate regulations and restrictions on coal, oil and gas development.

For Wigley, the proper course of action is not yet clear, since he can not determine if the change in the emissions profile between coal and natural gas is worth the expenditure.

$ 8 billion) over first ten years for deficit reductionObeys PAYGO; Starting in 2026, 25 % of auction revenues for deficit reductionFuels and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/10.

December 8, 2017 India's steel industry, like America's, is dominated by electric - based processes November 20, 2017 Link between growth in economic activity and electricity use is changing around the world November 16, 2017 Growth in global energy - related carbon dioxide emissions expected to slow November 8, 2017 EIA forecasts growth in world nuclear electricity capacity, led by non-OECD countries October 25, 2017 China leads the growth in projected global natural gas consumption October 10, 2017 Buildings energy consumption in India is expected to increase faster than in other regions October 4, 2017 Global gas - to - liquids growth is dominated by two projects in South Africa and Uzbekistan September 27, 2017 Chinese coal - fired electricity generation expected to flatten as mix shifts to renewables September 19, 2017 Beyond China and India, energy consumption in non-OECD Asia continues to grow September 14, 2017 EIA projects 28 % increase in world energy use by 2040

The breakup of the link between CO2 emissions and economic growth in developed countries has been brought about in part by the availability of inexpensive natural gas beginning to replace coal for electric power generation, Harvard University business and government professor Robert N. Stavins said.

The carbon entity data allows for the differentiation between carbon emissions, produced and marketed by each of the 90 major multi-national and state - owned coal, oil and gas companies (and their predecessors), and the total human attribution on climate change impacts.

Between 2002 and 2012, the annual electrical generation from coal - fired plants fell by 2 %, while the amount of electricity generated by natural gas plants rose by 37 %.

Between 2008 and 2016, national coal production dropped by approximately 37 percent, a decline that analysts have attributed to both environmental regulations and competition from cheap natural gas and alternative energy sources.

Natural gas as a means to produce electricity is being hailed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as the fuel that can act as a «bridge» between carbon - heavy coal and zero - carbon renewables, helping to reduce humans» impact on the climate.

In a warming world, natural gas is often touted as a «bridge fuel» between carbon - laden coal and a full embrace of renewables for electric power generation.

In Germany between 900,000 and 1,000,000 metric tons of a fuel satisfactory for automobile - type engines is being produced by adding the gas hydrogen to these coal tars or to powdered coal in a stream of crude oil at elevated temperature and high pressure.

Gavin, are you aware of the complete disconnect between SRES estimates of fossil fuel reserves, which are based on a single review paper by Roger in 1997, and more recent views regarding peak oil, peak gas, and peak coal?

Note the difference between price history on the NYMEX natural gas market and the «Average Weekly Coal Commodity Spot Prices».

The piece centers on Secretary of State John Kerry's trip to China in July, and thus appropriately casts China's policy choices on greenhouse gases and its deep dependence on coal in the broader context of the never - ending «you first» dance between these two greenhouse - gas giants.

Re: # 3, a big difference between horizontal drilling to exploit coal - bed methane production (which is what I think you mean) and EGS is that in CBM, the valuable item is the gas, not the water, which comes both from surface sources, and from the natural gas / coal resource.

The presidents welcomed: (i) a grant from the U.S. Trade and Development Agency to the China Power Engineering and Consulting Group Corporation to support a feasibility study for an integrated gasification combined cycle (I.G.C.C.) power plant in China using American technology, (ii) an agreement by Missouri - based Peabody Energy to invest and participate in GreenGen, a project of several major Chinese energy companies to develop a near - zero emissions coal - fired power plant, (iii) an agreement between G.E. and Shenhua Corporation to collaborate on the development and deployment of I.G.C.C. and other clean coal technologies; and (iv) an agreement between AES and Songzao Coal and Electric Company to use methane captured from a coal mine in Chongqing, China, to generate electricity and reduce greenhouse gas emissicoal - fired power plant, (iii) an agreement between G.E. and Shenhua Corporation to collaborate on the development and deployment of I.G.C.C. and other clean coal technologies; and (iv) an agreement between AES and Songzao Coal and Electric Company to use methane captured from a coal mine in Chongqing, China, to generate electricity and reduce greenhouse gas emissicoal technologies; and (iv) an agreement between AES and Songzao Coal and Electric Company to use methane captured from a coal mine in Chongqing, China, to generate electricity and reduce greenhouse gas emissiCoal and Electric Company to use methane captured from a coal mine in Chongqing, China, to generate electricity and reduce greenhouse gas emissicoal mine in Chongqing, China, to generate electricity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The Paris - based International Energy Agency (IEA) calls Europe's «coal renaissance» a temporary phenomenon; it forecasts an increasing use of renewables, shuttering of coal plants, and a better balance between gas and coal prices in the coming years.

Between 2003 and 2014, Ontario shuttered 7,546 megawatts of coal - fired capacity and added 13,595 megawatts of new wind, natural gas and nuclear capacity.

Between January and May, U.S. carbon emissions fell to a 20 - year low; 48 percent of that resulted from substituting coal for cheap shale natural gas, while little, if any, came from deploying subsidized wind and solar, according to Michael Levi, the director of the climate change program at the Council on Foreign Relations.

Competition between natural gas and coal appeared first in the Southeast, where coal - fired power was more expensive due to the cost of transporting coal over long distances.

«[Howarth et al.'s] analysis is seriously flawed in that they significantly overestimate the fugitive emissions associated with unconventional gas extraction, undervalue the contribution of «green technologies» to reducing those emissions to a level approaching that of conventional gas, base their comparison between gas and coal on heat rather than electricity generation (almost the sole use of coal), and assume a time interval over which to compute the relative climate impact of gas compared to coal that does not capture the contrast between the long residence time of CO2 and the short residence time of methane in the atmosphere.»

The graph produced from its measurements, known as the Keeling Curve, was the first to show the tight relationship between the increase in CO2 in the air and the rise in the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas.

The impact of policies which involve trade - offs between one GHG and another (such as replacing coal with natural gas, which would reduce CO2 but might increase methane emissions) is especially uncertain, since current models of both gases» life - cycles (and thus their relative GWPs) may need to be revised in the future.

Power sector CO2 emissions declined by 363 million metric tons between 2005 and 2013, due to a decline in coal's generation share and growing use of natural gas and renewables, but the CO2 emissions are projected to change only modestly from 2013 through 2040 in the 3 baseline cases used in this report.

Natural gas — that once seemingly promising link between the era of oil and coal to the serenity of sustainable solar, wind and water power — is a major source of atmospheric methane, due to widespread leaks as well as purposeful venting of gas.

To put this into context, estimates of life - cycle global warming emissions for natural gas generated electricity are between 0.6 and 2 pounds of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt - hour and estimates for coal - generated electricity are 1.4 and 3.6 pounds of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt - hour [14].

Between 60 - 80 % of coal, oil and gas reserves of publicly listed companies are «unburnable» if the world is to have a chance of not exceeding global warming of 2 °C

«The US government provided about $ 6 billion annually in financial support to the oil, gas, and coal industries between 2013 and 2015.»

Between 2015 and 2040, the share of coal in power generation is expected to increase from 32 % to 42 %, whereas the share of gas in power generation is projected to drop from 42 % in 2015 to 37 % in 2040 (Kimura and Han, 2016).

Meanwhile, nearly 42,000 MW of synchronous generating capacity (coal, nuclear, and natural gas) retired between 2011 and 2014.

This includes wind, solar, and other renewable energy supplies, which the International Energy Agency (IEA) anticipates will grow by 75 percent between 2011 and 2035, a rate higher than the growth in coal, natural gas, or oil over the same period.

Our analysis here focuses on the marginal production between the IEA 450 Scenario and business as usual for the coal, gas and oil sectors to 2035.

At the tail end of the hearing, Sen. Landrieu asked Weiss about the contention that there is little difference in greenhouse gas emissions between regionally produced coal in Europe and Asia and use of U.S. - exported LNG.

During 2012, particularly in the spring and early summer, low natural gas prices led to competition between natural gas - and coal - fired electric power generators.

Low natural gas prices make gas - fired generation economically attractive during periods of low demand when operators in many parts of the country have more flexibility to choose between coal - and natural gas - fired units based on their dispatch cost.