Sentences with phrase «between coal and natural gas»

1Coal combustion emits almost twice as much carbon dioxide per unit of energy as does the combustion of natural gas, whereas the amount from crude oil combustion falls between coal and natural gas, according to Energy Information Administration, Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 1985 - 1990, DOE / EIA -0573 (Washington, DC, September 1993), p. 16.

The most important and surprising development in the relationship between coal and natural gas has come in the last three years.

Commentators who predict a surge in natural gas demand from electric utilities likewise overlook the scope that power producers have to switch between coal and natural gas at their plants, depending on which thermal fuel offers the best economics.

What most people are missing here is that this energy war isn't actually between coal and renewables; it's between coal and natural gas.

Note, for example, that such an approach does not distinguish between coal and natural gas, despite the dramatically different impacts these fuels have on CO2 emissions (and a host of other environmental outcomes).

However, beginning in 2009, the gap between coal and natural gas prices narrowed, as large amounts of natural gas produced from shale formations changed the balance between supply and demand in U.S. natural gas markets.

For Wigley, the proper course of action is not yet clear, since he can not determine if the change in the emissions profile between coal and natural gas is worth the expenditure.

«I can't overstate the extreme competition between coal and natural gas,» Daniels said.

Not exact matches

The most glaring aspect is the battle between natural gas and coal.

This chart shows the major sectors of the power - generation portfolio of the US in gigawatt hours generated annually: note the dynamic between coal (black line) and natural gas (red line).

Coal fell to just 27.6 % of US utility - scale power generation in December, and the spread between it and natural gas - fired generation widened to 616 basis points, the largest yet seen, Continue Reading

It's the type of litigation that legal experts say may become more common as coastal cities and waterlogged counties draw the connection between rising waters and the burning of coal, oil and natural gas.

According to a RAN report published in June, 25 banks, including Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase and BNP Paribas, have invested $ 784 billion in coal mining, coal power, «extreme oil» and liquefied natural gas facilities between 2013 and 2015 (ClimateWire, June 15).

Burney is examining a similar trade - off between sulfur and black carbon in the United States, as coal - fired electricity plants shift to cleaner natural gas, which emits half as much CO2 as coal per unit of electricity.

$ 8 billion) over first ten years for deficit reductionObeys PAYGO; Starting in 2026, 25 % of auction revenues for deficit reductionFuels and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/10.

December 8, 2017 India's steel industry, like America's, is dominated by electric - based processes November 20, 2017 Link between growth in economic activity and electricity use is changing around the world November 16, 2017 Growth in global energy - related carbon dioxide emissions expected to slow November 8, 2017 EIA forecasts growth in world nuclear electricity capacity, led by non-OECD countries October 25, 2017 China leads the growth in projected global natural gas consumption October 10, 2017 Buildings energy consumption in India is expected to increase faster than in other regions October 4, 2017 Global gas - to - liquids growth is dominated by two projects in South Africa and Uzbekistan September 27, 2017 Chinese coal - fired electricity generation expected to flatten as mix shifts to renewables September 19, 2017 Beyond China and India, energy consumption in non-OECD Asia continues to grow September 14, 2017 EIA projects 28 % increase in world energy use by 2040

The breakup of the link between CO2 emissions and economic growth in developed countries has been brought about in part by the availability of inexpensive natural gas beginning to replace coal for electric power generation, Harvard University business and government professor Robert N. Stavins said.

Between 2002 and 2012, the annual electrical generation from coal - fired plants fell by 2 %, while the amount of electricity generated by natural gas plants rose by 37 %.

Between 2008 and 2016, national coal production dropped by approximately 37 percent, a decline that analysts have attributed to both environmental regulations and competition from cheap natural gas and alternative energy sources.

Natural gas as a means to produce electricity is being hailed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as the fuel that can act as a «bridge» between carbon - heavy coal and zero - carbon renewables, helping to reduce humans» impact on the climate.

In a warming world, natural gas is often touted as a «bridge fuel» between carbon - laden coal and a full embrace of renewables for electric power generation.

Note the difference between price history on the NYMEX natural gas market and the «Average Weekly Coal Commodity Spot Prices».

Re: # 3, a big difference between horizontal drilling to exploit coal - bed methane production (which is what I think you mean) and EGS is that in CBM, the valuable item is the gas, not the water, which comes both from surface sources, and from the natural gas / coal resource.

Between 2003 and 2014, Ontario shuttered 7,546 megawatts of coal - fired capacity and added 13,595 megawatts of new wind, natural gas and nuclear capacity.

Between January and May, U.S. carbon emissions fell to a 20 - year low; 48 percent of that resulted from substituting coal for cheap shale natural gas, while little, if any, came from deploying subsidized wind and solar, according to Michael Levi, the director of the climate change program at the Council on Foreign Relations.

Competition between natural gas and coal appeared first in the Southeast, where coal - fired power was more expensive due to the cost of transporting coal over long distances.

The graph produced from its measurements, known as the Keeling Curve, was the first to show the tight relationship between the increase in CO2 in the air and the rise in the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas.

The impact of policies which involve trade - offs between one GHG and another (such as replacing coal with natural gas, which would reduce CO2 but might increase methane emissions) is especially uncertain, since current models of both gases» life - cycles (and thus their relative GWPs) may need to be revised in the future.

Power sector CO2 emissions declined by 363 million metric tons between 2005 and 2013, due to a decline in coal's generation share and growing use of natural gas and renewables, but the CO2 emissions are projected to change only modestly from 2013 through 2040 in the 3 baseline cases used in this report.

Natural gas — that once seemingly promising link between the era of oil and coal to the serenity of sustainable solar, wind and water power — is a major source of atmospheric methane, due to widespread leaks as well as purposeful venting of gas.

To put this into context, estimates of life - cycle global warming emissions for natural gas generated electricity are between 0.6 and 2 pounds of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt - hour and estimates for coal - generated electricity are 1.4 and 3.6 pounds of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt - hour [14].

Meanwhile, nearly 42,000 MW of synchronous generating capacity (coal, nuclear, and natural gas) retired between 2011 and 2014.

This includes wind, solar, and other renewable energy supplies, which the International Energy Agency (IEA) anticipates will grow by 75 percent between 2011 and 2035, a rate higher than the growth in coal, natural gas, or oil over the same period.

During 2012, particularly in the spring and early summer, low natural gas prices led to competition between natural gas - and coal - fired electric power generators.

Low natural gas prices make gas - fired generation economically attractive during periods of low demand when operators in many parts of the country have more flexibility to choose between coal - and natural gas - fired units based on their dispatch cost.

Until then, cargo ships carrying ore, coal, fertilizer and grain, as well as supertankers carrying crude oil and liquid natural gas, will travel back and forth between Europe and the Far East.

Between 2000 and 2008, coal was significantly less expensive than natural gas, and coal supplied about 50 % of total U.S. generation.

«Between 2010 and 2014, the oil, coal, gas, utility, and natural resource extraction industries spent $ 1.8 bn on lobbying, much of it in defence of these giveaways,» according to Sanders and Ellison.

After decades of increases, U.S. CO2 emissions from energy use (which account for 97 % of total U.S. emissions) declined by around 9 % between 2008 and 2012, largely due to a shift from coal to less CO2 - intensive natural gas for electricity production.

It takes six decades between the time the decision is made to go with a particular energy generation form and the time it's end of life; committing to coal or natural gas right now, today, is the less economical choice, and fiscally irresponsible, because by the time the plant is built, there will be a 50:1 ratio of cheaper solar / wind / hydro / geothermal / wave years of service committed to.

Competition between natural gas and coal for electric power generation drove price declines in the Appalachian and Powder River Basins (PRB), two key sources for thermal coal, through the summer.

Although natural - gas generation fell between 2016 and 2017 from 35 percent to 32 percent of total national electricity production, it remained the primary fuel for power generation for the second year in a row, surpassing coal (around 30 percent) in 2016.

Cleaning up soot pollution could prevent between 700,000 and 4.7 million premature deaths each year, according to the international team of researchers, while capturing methane from coal mines, landfills, and agricultural waste can yield natural gas, a less carbon intensive and increasingly valuable fuel.

This report analyzes the competition between coal, natural gas and petroleum used for electricity generation by estimating what is referred to by economists as the elasticity of substitution among the fuels.

Climate change regulation changes and increases the complexity of relationships between natural gas and other energy activities (e.g. coal - to - gas generation switch), increases the nature and variety of candidate actions available, and thus magnifies the uncertainties that must be taken into account by any useful forecast, whether a conditional assessment to gain insights and understand potential vulnerabilities or an attempted prediction of the future.

That means seeking what the treaty calls a «balance» between sources of carbon like the burning of coal, oil and natural gas, and its absorption from the atmosphere by forest growth, or, possibly, techniques like capturing emissions of CO2 and burying them in the ground.

Fuel switching will be discouraged and coal - fired power plants will be competitive with natural gas power plants when the price of natural gas is between $ 3.00 and $ 3.50 per million BTU.

Between January and October, for example, coal and natural gas generation fell by a combined 138 million kWh relative to the same period the year prior, while renewable generation expanded by 75 million kWh (Figure 1).

December 8, 2017 India's steel industry, like America's, is dominated by electric - based processes November 20, 2017 Link between growth in economic activity and electricity use is changing around the world November 16, 2017 Growth in global energy - related carbon dioxide emissions expected to slow November 8, 2017 EIA forecasts growth in world nuclear electricity capacity, led by non-OECD countries October 25, 2017 China leads the growth in projected global natural gas consumption October 10, 2017 Buildings energy consumption in India is expected to increase faster than in other regions October 4, 2017 Global gas - to - liquids growth is dominated by two projects in South Africa and Uzbekistan September 27, 2017 Chinese coal - fired electricity generation expected to flatten as mix shifts to renewables September 19, 2017 Beyond China and India, energy consumption in non-OECD Asia continues to grow September 14, 2017 EIA projects 28 % increase in world energy use by 2040

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