Sentences with phrase «between factor exposure»

Two Factors: Volatility and Credit Spread To achieve better security selection, we chose two factors that empirically have demonstrated a strong relationship between factor exposure and performance statistics and that have long been incorporated in investment analysis by corporate bond portfolio managers.

Not exact matches

Given that valuations and market action have generally been a useful guide to setting investment exposure in normal post-war market cycles, it may be helpful to detail how these factors behaved during the period between 1929 to 1935, which represents the greatest period of credit strains observed in U.S. data.

Several factors to consider when implementing a personalized approach are the overall equity exposures between the U.S. and foreign markets, hedging and alternative investments.

Involvement in the multitudinous problems of a rapidly expanding urban area or exposure to the increasingly bitter struggle between labor and management or entanglement in the luxuriant and rank growth so abundantly fostered by the new wealth of the «gilded age»: these and other factors caused many men to re-examine their roles as ministers and to seek more effective ways of ministering to the needs of their time.11 Perhaps the most important thing that happened to such men was that they became aware of the many factors bearing on human welfare and thus of importance to the Christian gospel.

In any study, confounders are the other factors that might influence the result of an association between two things, usually an exposure and an outcome.

Detailed data regarding breastfeeding exposure and adequate control for confounding factors are necessary for valid estimates of the relationship between breastfeeding and later intelligence, but no study to date has fulfilled these requirements.

An emerging body of literature in adults has begun to establish clear associations between gut microbiome composition and a wide range of health outcomes.1 - 6 In contrast, comparatively little is known about the gut microbiome in infants and children, the exposures that shape it, and its lifelong health effects.7 Although limited in their size and scope, a number of studies have established associations between intestinal microbiome profiles in infants, delivery mode, and / or breast milk exposure.8 - 15 These factors both have long - term health consequences.

It is also important to be careful to distinguish between those factors that are confounders, and those that might best be viewed as mediators or explanatory factors involved in accounting for observed associations between breastfeeding exposure and outcome, such as the quality of the subsequent mother - infant relationship.

The most recent study report described in these same regions decreased tissue levels of 5 - HT and tryptophan hydroxylase, the synthesizing enzyme for serotonin, and no evidence of excessive serotonin degradation as assessed by levels of 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid (the main metabolite of serotonin) or ratios of 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid to serotonin.30 A recent article described a significant association between a decrease in medullary 5 - HT1A receptor immunoreactivity and specific SIDS risk factors, including tobacco smoking.40 These data confirm results from earlier studies in humans39, 41 and are also consistent with studies in piglets that revealed that postnatal exposure to nicotine decreases medullary 5 - HT1A receptor immunoreactivity.42 Animal studies have revealed that serotonergic neurons located in the medullary raphe and adjacent paragigantocellularis lateralis play important roles in many autonomic functions including the control of respiration, blood pressure, heart rate, thermoregulation, sleep and arousal, and upper airway patency.

Cardiovascular phenotyping between the ages of 60 and 64 years with carotid intima media thickness (cIMT; a surrogate marker for cardiovascular events) was used to assess the effect of lifetime exposure to adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.

Above all, there is a new emphasis on the interaction between vulnerable genes and environmental triggers, along with a growing sense that low - dose, multiple toxic and infectious exposures may be a major contributing factor to autism and its related disorders.

A focus of her current work is assessing the relationship between social inequality, psychosocial stress and how these factors may interact with chemical exposures to amplify pollution / health outcome relationships and produce environmental health inequalities.

In a cooperative effort between Duke and Duke Kunshan University, researchers found higher exposure to ground - level ozone led to higher blood pressure and blood platelet activation — risk factors for cardiovascular health.

Our objective was to develop an eco-epidemiological modeling approach to characterize the spatial relationships between areas of higher than expected ALS incidence and lake water quality risk factors derived from satellite remote sensing as a surrogate marker of exposure.

For many of these women, I connect the dots between how lifestyle factors including drinking and smoking, exposure to environmental toxins, and being chronically stress contribute to and exacerbate sex hormone imbalances.

The delicate balance between the human microbiome and the development of psychopathologies is particularly interesting given the ease with which the microbiome can be altered by external factors, such as diet, 23 exposure to antimicrobials24, 25 or disrupted sleep patterns.26 For example, a link between antibiotic exposure and altered brain function is well evidenced by the psychiatric side - effects of antibiotics, which range from anxiety and panic to major depression, psychosis and delirium.1 A recent large population study reported that treatment with a single antibiotic course was associated with an increased risk for depression and anxiety, rising with multiple exposures.27 Bercik et al. 28 showed that oral administration of non-absorbable antimicrobials transiently altered the composition of the gut microbiota in adult mice and increased exploratory behaviour and hippocampal expression of brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), while intraperitoneal administration had no effect on behaviour.

It is nevertheless difficult to define the association between caffeine and reproductive health as confounding factors such as changes in diet, smoking, and incorrect or imprecise assessment of the duration of exposure to caffeine may limit the ability to draw clear conclusions1.

So we want to make sure people are differentiating between alpha which could be skill based, but beta which just is a systematic exposure to a common factor and doesn't involve any individual stock picking, nor really any market timing either.

Pzena: Successful Value Investing Provides More Than Passive Exposure to a Value «Factor» This Valuewalk article summarises a recent letter by Pzena Asset Management which discusses the Value Cycle and how many Value Managers have underperformed their growth and momentum counterparts (leaving aside any arguments about the blurred lines between the style distinctions of value and growth).

Whether to start a vaccination series or not after a suspected rabies exposure depends on several factors to be discussed between the victim and the attending physician in consultation with local health authorities.

Exposure to fleas and flea feces is believed to be the most important factor for transmission of Bartonella between cats.

Likewise, while links between external cancer - causing agents — such as environmental carcinogens, exposure to sunlight, viruses, and vaccine injections — have been established in relation to various other forms of feline cancer, these factors do not appear relevant to the onset of mammary cancer in cats.

As exposure to poverty is well known to be strongly associated with a variety of negative life experiences, the role that these risk factors appeared to play in the relationship between poverty and alterations in brain development elucidates more specific targets for prevention.

In 2010, more than 1 in 5 children were reported to be living in poverty.6, 10 Economic disadvantage is among the most potent risks for behavioral and emotional problems due to increased exposure to environmental, familial, and psychosocial risks.11 — 13 In families in which parents are in military service, parental deployment and return has been determined to be a risk factor for behavioral and emotional problems in children.14 Data from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health demonstrated a strong linear relationship between increasing number of psychosocial risks and many poor health outcomes, including social - emotional health.15 The Adverse Childhood Experience Study surveyed 17000 adults about early traumatic and stressful experiences.

The reasoning behind this proposition is that: A) EBHV programs are designed to serve women categorized as «at - risk» due to a variety of demographic factors, including single - parent household status, age at time of first pregnancy, being categorically undereducated, under or unemployed, and meeting federal standards of living at or below the poverty line; B) these programs serve women during pregnancy and / or shortly after the birth of their children, offering an excellent chance for the early prevention of trauma exposure; and C) intervention services are provided at the same times that attachment (whether secure or insecure) is being developed between mothers and children, providing the opportunity that generational risk may be mitigated.

The Relationship between Adolescents «Exposure to Internet Pornography and Deviant Sexual Activities: Focusing on Mediated Effects of Perceptional Factors

We used multiple regression to assess the association between risk factors and exposure to movie smoking.

Based on the overall pattern of odds ratios for poor health and illness, there was some support for the hypothesized relationship between the extent of exposure to adverse factors and negative health outcomes (ie, odds ratios tended to increase relative to 1 vs 0 to ≥ 4 vs 0 adversities).

Family structure — single motherhood in particular — has been identified in a number of studies as an important correlate of children's behavioural and social adjustment.18 Substance abuse, 19 genetic differences, 20 and exposure to early trauma21 are other possible factors that may account for the link between low family incomes and children's behavioural problems.

There is, for example, evidence for a link between family stress and compromised immuno - functioning in adults and to a lesser degree in children.28 Regardless of the factors that increase exposure to adverse social circumstances, the source of social adversity did not arise from crowding, financial strain, and low education, because these variables were also included in the analysis.

Specifically analyzes the connection between adolescent risk factors and early exposure to alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use.

Although the dynamic interplay between various risk and protective factors in refugee psychological health is not fully understood, there is widespread agreement that of those pre-migration factors that pose serious risk, trauma exposure is the single most identified (Berman, 2001).

Colorado's Strong Start Study: Helping Young Families Affected by Substance Use Build Protective Factors to Prevent Maltreatment [Presentation Slides](PDF - 557 KB) University Centers for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities (UCEDD) Technical Assistance (TA) Institute (2013) Highlights the collaborative partnership between the Colorado Department of Human Services» Division of Early Childhood and Division of Behavioral Health to address the increase in substance use by women since the mid-1980s, the rate of prenatal drug exposure, and child maltreatment.

This could be an artifact caused by premature mortality in people with multiple adverse childhood exposures; the clustering of multiple risk factors among people with multiple childhood exposures is consistent with this hypothesis.29 Thus, this potential weakness may have resulted in underestimates of the true relationships between ACEs and the illicit drug use outcomes.41

An ANOVA model including gender, exposure to early trauma, and MAOA genotype as between - subjects factors showed significant MAOA × ETLE (F1, 227 = 8.20, P = 0.005) and gender × MAOA × ETLE (F1, 227 = 7.04, P = 0.009) interaction effects.

A number of influential factors have been established including financial hardship, mothers» lack of social support and children's exposure to conflict and hostility between parents before, during and sometimes after separation or divorce (Amato, 2000; Pryor and Rodgers, 2001).

Next, we will capitalize on the prospective, longitudinal design to examine (2) how the developmental timing of violence exposure may affect changes in offspring adjustment across adolescence; (3) risk and protective factors (e.g., effortful control, parent monitoring) that may mediate associations between violence exposure in childhood and adolescence adjustment; (4) intergenerational transmission of IPV (and parent aggression) and the circumstances whereby parents» developmental risk factors (e.g., exposure to IPV during childhood) increase the occurrence of IPV (and parent aggression) in adulthood and the risk of child adjustment difficulties.

Parental separation may also expose children to loss of social, economic and human capital.4, 14 Other explanatory factors may derive from characteristics typical of separating parents such as lower relationship satisfaction and higher conflict levels also before the separation.4 The rising numbers of children with JPC have concerned child clinicians as well as researchers on the subject.20, 21 Child experts have worried about children's potential feelings of alienation from living in two separate worlds, 20 — 22 increased exposure to parental conflict12, 22 and other stressors that JPC may impose on a child.22 Such daily stressors may be long distances to school, friends and leisure activities, lack of stability in parenting and home environment and a need to adjust to the demands of two different family lives.12, 22 The logistics of travelling between their homes and keeping in contact with friends has been stated as a drawback of JPC in interview studies with children.23 — 25 Older adolescents, in particular, indicated that they preferred to be in one place.23

For infants with prenatal cocaine exposure, an understanding of relations between these dyadic factors will help to identify dyads at highest risk for subsequent developmental difficulties.

The linkages between war exposure and adjustment in adolescents are dependent in part on interpersonal factors such as attachment [19].