Sentences with phrase «between ice mass»

It can not tell the difference between ice mass and rock mass.

Not exact matches

The more intensive variations during glacial periods are due to the greater difference in temperature between the ice - covered polar regions and the Tropics, which produced a more dynamic exchange of warm and cold air masses.

The results highlight how the interaction between ocean conditions and the bedrock beneath a glacier can influence the frozen mass, helping scientists better predict future Antarctica ice loss and global sea level rise.

But the IPCC specifically excluded the mechanism able to produce the biggest amounts of water quickly - acceleration in the flow of ice from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, the world's two major ice masses that would between them raise sea levels by about 70m if they completely melted.

During glaciation, water was taken from the oceans to form the ice at high latitudes, thus global sea level drops by about 120 meters, exposing the continental shelves and forming land - bridges between land - masses for animals to migrate.

Kepler - 68b, in a 5.4 day orbit has mass 8.3 + / - 2.3 Earth, radius 2.31 + / - 0.07 Earth radii, and a density of 3.32 + / - 0.92 (cgs), giving Kepler - 68b a density intermediate between that of the ice giants and Earth.

The latter is almost linearly related to changes in ice sheet volume; the former, however, is influenced by a range of factors, including atmosphere / ocean dynamics and changes in Earth's gravitational field, rotation, and crustal and the mantle deformation associated with the redistribution of mass between land ice and the ocean.

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), the satellites tasked with measuring the mass changes in Greenland and other icy landscapes around the world, has a hard time time seeing the difference between rising land and ice.

Our experiments show a clear threshold in the relationship between the rate of sea - level rise, and the rate of (sea - level contributing) ice - sheet mass loss.

The total 2000 — 2008 mass loss of ~ 1500 gigatons, equivalent to 0.46 millimeters per year of global sea level rise, is equally split between surface processes (runoff and precipitation) and ice dynamics.

It is not the only ice mass of Greenland — isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres around the periphery.»

To better understand the difference between measuring ice volume and mass, Simons compares it to a person weighing himself by only looking in the mirror instead of standing on a scale.

A rise in global mean sea level of between 0.09 and 0.88 metres by 2100 has been projected, mainly due to the thermal expansion of sea water and loss of mass from ice caps and glaciers».

If all of the currently attainable carbon resources [estimated to be between 8500 and 13.600 GtC (4)-RSB- were burned, the Antarctic Ice Sheet would lose most of its mass, raising global sea level by more than 50 m. For the 125 GtC as well as the 500, 800, 2500, and 5000 GtC scenarios, the ice - covered area is depicted in white (ice - free bedrock in browIce Sheet would lose most of its mass, raising global sea level by more than 50 m. For the 125 GtC as well as the 500, 800, 2500, and 5000 GtC scenarios, the ice - covered area is depicted in white (ice - free bedrock in browice - covered area is depicted in white (ice - free bedrock in browice - free bedrock in brown).

The ice mass loss rate increased by 250 percent between April 2002 to April 2004 and May 2004 to April 2006.

Between April 2002 and April 2006, GRACE data uncovered ice mass loss in Greenland of 248 ± 36 cubic kilometers per year, an amount equivalent to a global sea rise of 0.5 ± 0.1 millimeters per year.

CryoSat - 2 observations taken between November 2010 and September 2013 indicate annual ice sheet mass losses of 134 ± 27 gigatons in West Antarctica, 3 ± 36 gigatons in East Antarctica, and 23 ± 18 gigatons on the Antarctic Peninsula.

(Ice sheet mass balance (MB) is the difference between surface mass balance (SMB) and solid ice discharge across the grounding line (DIce sheet mass balance (MB) is the difference between surface mass balance (SMB) and solid ice discharge across the grounding line (Dice discharge across the grounding line (D).)

The possible link between Arctic change and mid-latitude weather is the focus of the conference, and even if the researchers don't have all the answers yet, there is an emerging consensus that melting Arctic sea ice is fundamentally changing the the way air masses and weather systems whirl around the Northern Hemisphere.

Equilibrium line - The boundary between the region on a glacier where there is a net annual loss of ice mass (ablation area) and that where there is a net annual gain (accumulation area).

The net change in ice mass is the difference between this accumulation and peripheral loss.

«Figures 5 (a)--(d) illustrate for the summer the complicated feedbacks between the sea ice and adjacent land masses that can occur.

Need to take a global perspective, on both sources and destination for the mass exchange of waster into ice and between land and ocean that is likely to occur in the 21st Century.

Greenland looks like that, even on a cloudless day — but the great white mass between the occasional punctuations is not a fluffy cloud layer but a massive ice sheet, miles deep.

Whether a glacier retreats or advances each year largely depends on its mass balance — the difference between how much snow it receives and the amount of its ice that melts away.

Over the past quarter - century, both the extent of melting and the length of the melt season on the Greenland ice sheet have been growing, as local temperatures have risen.6 Satellites measure the extent of melting by differentiating between areas of the ice mass that are fully frozen and those with surface meltwater.

According to the most highly - cited analyses of polar ice sheet melt and contribution to sea level rise, the Antarctic ice sheet as a whole changed in mass by -71 gigatonnes (GT) per year between 1992 and 2011.

There IS a heat source and a physical reality, that requires no forcing to give it super powers as with puny CO2 the palnts gobble up as much as they can get of, in fact.And explains the stable ice age and the Milankovitch linked interglacials, and how that sawtooth between repeated and predicatble limits can be driven using known energy sources, specific heats and masses, plus simple deterministic physics, no statistical models or Piltdown Mann data set approaches.

Ice - sheet volume is controlled by the balance between mass input and mass loss; mass input is almost entirely due to snowfall, and mass loss is from iceberg calving supplied by flow of the ice sheet, or runoff of melt watIce - sheet volume is controlled by the balance between mass input and mass loss; mass input is almost entirely due to snowfall, and mass loss is from iceberg calving supplied by flow of the ice sheet, or runoff of melt watice sheet, or runoff of melt water.

For example, chapter ten, «Ice melts, sea level rises,» discusses the disappearance of tropical mountain glaciers, estimates of sea level rise in the present century, estimates of its costs — the EPA estimated in 1991 that a one - meter rise would cost the US alone between $ 270 billion and $ 475 billion — evidence of past oceanic high - water marks and glacial extents, the dynamics of ice sheet disintegration, the thermal expansion of seawater, icequakes and meltponds, ice mass loss and gain in Greenland and Antarctica, the ozone hole, and the existence and significance of «marine ice sheets.&raqIce melts, sea level rises,» discusses the disappearance of tropical mountain glaciers, estimates of sea level rise in the present century, estimates of its costs — the EPA estimated in 1991 that a one - meter rise would cost the US alone between $ 270 billion and $ 475 billion — evidence of past oceanic high - water marks and glacial extents, the dynamics of ice sheet disintegration, the thermal expansion of seawater, icequakes and meltponds, ice mass loss and gain in Greenland and Antarctica, the ozone hole, and the existence and significance of «marine ice sheets.&raqice sheet disintegration, the thermal expansion of seawater, icequakes and meltponds, ice mass loss and gain in Greenland and Antarctica, the ozone hole, and the existence and significance of «marine ice sheets.&raqice mass loss and gain in Greenland and Antarctica, the ozone hole, and the existence and significance of «marine ice sheets.&raqice sheets.»

As explained in the press release, the scientists began with the measure of sea level rise between 2005 and 2013, then deducted the amount of rise due to meltwater (e.g., melting ice sheets and loss of glacier mass worldwide) and then the amount of rise due to the expansion of water from the warming in the upper portion of the world's oceans (which scientists have good data on).

Hay et al. (2015) argue that rates of sea level rise between 1.0 and 1.4 mm yr - 1 close the sea - level budget for 1901 — 1990 as estimated in AR5, without appealing to an underestimation of individual contributions from ocean thermal expansion, glacier melting, or ice sheet mass balance.

Annual mass balance is the difference between winter snow and ice accumulation on a glacier, and summer snow and ice loss from a glacier during a given year.

Mass balance (of glaciers, ice caps or ice sheets)- The balance between the mass input to the ice body (accumulation) and the mass loss (ablation, iceberg calving).

The two big ice shelves still lose mass predominantly through calving, Thwaites shelf is balanced between the two, PIG is more basal melt.

There is variation between regions within Antarctica (Figure 2, top panel), with the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet losing ice mass, and with an increasing raIce Sheet and the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet losing ice mass, and with an increasing raIce Sheet losing ice mass, and with an increasing raice mass, and with an increasing rate.

Driven primarily by atmospheric stresses, these ice bridges are formed when sufficiently thick ice «jams» during the course of its flow between land masses, resulting in a region of stationary compacted ice that is separated from a region of flowing open water (a polynya) by a static arch.

Our scientists have published many papers in high ranking journals on subjects as varied as build - up of an ice sheet; mass extinctions of life; links between sea ice in the Arctic and climate change; ice sheets that may be hiding vast amounts of methane; and specialised life forms around Arctic methane seeps.