The trouble has come from a failure to distinguish
between kinds of authority.
Not exact matches
And, FWIW, I do see some parallels
between the
kinds of behaviors going on in both Mars Hill and the E.V. / Emergent movement that have ended up in allegations
of misuse
of spiritual
authority — and also in what seems to me to be closed systems or «interlocking directories»
of connections in both.
A
kind of friendship may be had
between an
authority figure and a subordinate, but not the mutual closeness and intimate, reciprocal trust that people call «best friendship.»
Furthermore, despite the emphasis by such theologians as Augustine, Calvin, Jonathan Edwards, and Reinhold Niebuhr (with whom Schlesinger enjoyed a personal association) on the need to distinguish
between divine and human
authority, it is a gross distortion
of all
of their views for Schlesinger to impute to them the
kind of relativism which makes the existence
of God and the reality
of revelation (the basis
of all western religious traditions) so utterly irrelevant for public life.
When we attend to these
kinds of realities, says Marty, «James Madison offers a more accurate characterization: there is a «line
of distinction»
between civil and religious
authorities — a line that is often permeable, sometimes blurred, always contested.»
In Diuturnum Illud, Pope Leo XIII rejected the idea that government is legitimated through consent and argued for a parallel
between paternal and political
authority, since «different
kinds of authority have
between them wonderful resemblances, since, whatever there is
of government and
authority, its origin is derived from one and the same Creator and Lord.»
In fact, it has done nothing
of the
kind, for it has failed to develop an intellectual tradition in America or to produce its own class
of intellectuals capable either
of exercising
authority among Catholics or
of mediating
between the Catholic mind and the secular or Protestant mind.
The American university aims at a
kind of rational autonomy and sees an education in reason as identical to an education in morality; however, it no longer draws upon the reflections
of those Enlightenment thinkers on the great tension
between moral
authority and rational self - sufficiency.
Recognized as one
of the biggest
authorities in the fiery foods industry, Scott Roberts has formally reviewed over 500 different hot sauces, barbecue sauces, condiments and seasonings
of all
kinds, and has tasted
between an estimated almost 4,000 sauces and spice mixes.
Second, Weber distinguished
between two
kinds of authority: «positional» and «personal.»
«Since dolphins can not discern the difference
between enemy and friendly vessels, or enemy and friendly divers and swimmers, it would not be wise to give that
kind of decision
authority to an animal,» states the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program site.
[3] The College responded to the complaint stating in part «[t] he College has no
authority to resolve financial disputes
between a dentist and a patient or to provide any
kind of compensation».
It noted that a trial judge's discretion is not unlimited, that there was no
authority for awarding damages under the CSPA to class plaintiffs who had suffered no injury, and that the lower courts ignored the clear distinction in the CSPA
between the
kinds of damages available in an individual action and the actual damages available in a class action.
Blocher argues that while this makes sense as a way
of allocating decisionmaking
authority between trial and appellate courts based on their relative strengths, he does not see how those arguments apply at all to instant replay in sports, which he characterizes as «just appeals
of a different
kind.»