Sentences with phrase «between land temperature»

See my comment on March 20, 2012 at 5:37 am concerning the disconnect between land temperatures and SST in the «circle».

Not exact matches

Our mushroom farms were in fact established on land reclaimed from a scrub forest zone never before subjected to cultivation with the major difference between day and night temperature necessary for the strongest, healthiest, tastiest fungus.

The Tibetan Plateau in China experiences the strongest monsoon system on Earth, with powerful winds — and accompanying intense rains in the summer months — caused by a complex system of global air circulation patterns and differences in surface temperatures between land and oceans.

Because monsoons result from the temperature differences between land and sea, the yearly monsoon was so weakened that northern Africa and India experienced a devastating drought.

All of these phenomena generate a greater contrast between land and ocean temperatures, the cause of the monsoon.

«It gives further evidence of the close links between atmospheric CO2 and temperature, but also shows how heterogeneous this climate change may be on land,» he adds.

The resulting temperature differences between land and sea drive monsoons — steady winds that change direction twice a year.

The high October temperature was driven by warmth across the globe over both the land and ocean surfaces and was fairly evenly distributed between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Maps showing the differences in sea surface temperature and total soil water on land in the period between October 2011 and September 2017.

«The simple relationship between the temperature and the global land carbon sink should be treated with caution, and not be used to infer ecological processes and long - term predictions» adds Dr. Reichstein, head of the Department.

The groundbreaking study revealed that, globally, the year - to - year variability of the land carbon balance — the exchange of carbon that takes place between the land biosphere and the atmosphere — responds most significantly to changes in temperature.

Additionally, because of the robustness of their data, the researchers were able to create a statistical tool to examine the relationship between air temperature and land cover.

Because land surfaces generally have low heat capacity relative to oceans, temperature anomalies can vary greatly between months.

There are some various proposed mechanisms to explain this that involve the surface energy balance (e.g., less coupling between the ground temperature and lower air temperature over land because of less potential for evaporation), and also lapse rate differences over ocean and land (see Joshi et al 2008, Climate Dynamics), as well as vegetation or cloud changes.

The «land of smiles» has a tropical climate with rainy and dry seasons, and many consider the best time to visit between November and February, when the temperatures are not too hot, and there is less rainfall than at other times.

Lembongan is a pristine tropical island, its highest point is 50 meters above sea level, little temperature variation from 30 degrees Celsius occurs between the only two seasons in a total of 615 ha unproductive rocky land.

These include that the land, borehole and marine records substantially agree; and the fact that there is little difference between the long - term (1880 to 1998) rural (0.70 °C / century) and full set of station temperature trends (actually less at 0.65 °C / century).

It was not until I started comparing the daily temperature range between a Desert (or recently cleared land) as opposed to a Rain Forest that I found out how important that change in the humidity is.

Given that you comment that the largest differences between the different forcings is between land and ocean or between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, have you looked at the land — ocean temperature difference or the Northern — Southern Hemisphere temperature difference, as they both scale linearly with ECS, in the same way as global mean temperature for ghg forcing, but not for aerosol forcing.

An important point is that the temperature difference between lower latitudes and the Arctic (at least for land based) is smaller now than in the 1930 - 1940's.

The AARI data include drifting stations and ice information, although not the majority (my fault to see that as «main»), that means that the difference between only land based and total is in warmer sea surface temperatures.

Indeed, within the 164 years of data it is questionable if any cycle can be convincingly demonstrated between the NH Ocean & Land temperatures.

And if you plot the differential between NH ocean & land temperature, the warming since 1970 has been indeed higher on land than at sea, conforming with what should be there with this candidate BNO (P).

Here we would like to try to distinguish between warming in the nocturnal boundary layer due to a redistribution of heat and warming due to the accumulation of heat... It is likely that the observed warming in minimum temperature, whether caused by additional greenhouse forcing or land use changes or other land surface dynamics, is reflecting a redistribution of heat by turbulence - not an accumulation of heat.

I also think that if one wishes to prove that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the cause of global warming then the focus of temperature measurement should be upon those few feet between the Earth's surface and the measuring instruments employed on land for measuring that temperature.

I went ahead and plotted the normalized (HadCRU + GISS) / 2 --(RSS + UAH) / 2 to show the variance between satellite and land - based temperatures.

«In the southern hemisphere, the increase in wind power depends on the land - sea thermal gradient, and apparently the stronger emissions scenario (RCP8.5) is needed to make the difference in temperature and thus pressure between land and sea strong enough to amplify the winds.»

I assume that included the differential warming of land to sea, but then the best comparative temperature change is inexplicably chosen as one somewhere between land and land - sea temperature change.

This is because, in this region, wind power depends on the temperature difference between the land and the sea, and previous research has shown that warming occurs faster on land than above oceans.

Also consider the realationship between land and ocean temperatures.

Similarly, if there is an increase in the difference between land and ocean temperatures, the rising air over land draws in moist air from the ocean and lifts it, leading to monsoons.

The very strong correlation between observed dryness and high temperatures over land in the tropics during summer highlights the important role moisture plays in moderating climate.

By comparing modelled and observed changes in such indices, which include the global mean surface temperature, the land - ocean temperature contrast, the temperature contrast between the NH and SH, the mean magnitude of the annual cycle in temperature over land and the mean meridional temperature gradient in the NH mid-latitudes, Braganza et al. (2004) estimate that anthropogenic forcing accounts for almost all of the warming observed between 1946 and 1995 whereas warming between 1896 and 1945 is explained by a combination of anthropogenic and natural forcing and internal variability.

Therefore, the best temperature observation for comparison with climate models probably falls between the meteorological station surface air analysis and the land — ocean temperature index.

ΔT is the atmospheric temperature difference between land and ocean.

Kevin Cowtan appears to have discovered that «modeled» «surface» temperature isn't comparable to the «observed» «surface» temperature since the «observed» is a combination of land based (Tmax + Tmin) / 2 and SST measured somewhere between the surface and a few meters below the surface.

Figure 1 shows the change in the world's air temperature averaged over all the land and ocean between 1975 and 2008.

Landward zonal wind versus temperature difference between land and ocean during monsoon season [NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data (35)-RSB-.

One factor in monsoon formation is the difference between the temperature above land and the temperature above adjacent ocean or sea.

However, the critical threshold R C is independent of ɛ, and thus the calculation depends only on relatively robust averaged values of precipitation, net radiation, average temperature difference between land and ocean, specific humidity over ocean, and the natural constants ρ, L, and C p.

The main dynamical driver of the monsoon is therefore the positive moisture - advection feedback (Fig. 1 A): The release of latent heat from precipitation over land adds to the temperature difference between land and ocean, thus driving stronger winds from ocean to land and increasing in this way landward advection of moisture, which leads to enhanced precipitation and associated release of latent heat.

The meeting will mainly cover the following themes, but can include other topics related to understanding and modelling the atmosphere: ● Surface drag and momentum transport: orographic drag, convective momentum transport ● Processes relevant for polar prediction: stable boundary layers, mixed - phase clouds ● Shallow and deep convection: stochasticity, scale - awareness, organization, grey zone issues ● Clouds and circulation feedbacks: boundary - layer clouds, CFMIP, cirrus ● Microphysics and aerosol - cloud interactions: microphysical observations, parameterization, process studies on aerosol - cloud interactions ● Radiation: circulation coupling; interaction between radiation and clouds ● Land - atmosphere interactions: Role of land processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model developLand - atmosphere interactions: Role of land processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model developland processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model development

There is concern in the scientific community that the temperature change from now to the end of the century will be roughly the same as the difference between now and the last Ice Age, which occurred 10,000 years ago, resulting in dramatic changes in temperature, weather patterns, water tables, land and biodiversity.

According to NOAA's 2016 Arctic Report Card, the average annual surface air temperature anomaly (+3.6 °F / 2.0 °C relative to the 1981 - 2010 baseline) over land north of 60 ° N between October 2015 and September 2016 was by far the highest in the observational record beginning in 1900.

If CO2 accumulation stays at the current rate of 2 to 3 PPM per year, in 40 years the atmosphere would be between 480 PPM to 520 PPM, which is near where the predicted mean land temperature anomaly would double the current level of 1.2 C.

Looking at the CO2 versus land temperature trend, if the anomaly remains at between 0.8 to 1C for the next several years, it would still give a 3C sensitivity for CO2 doubling.

The temperature difference of the land and upper 100 m of the ocean, between summer afternoons and winter nights is more than an order of magnitude than any proclaimed, creeping, heating process.

Why glaciers in Franz Josef Land have been shrinking more rapidly between 2011 and 2015 than in previous decades is possibly related to ocean temperature changes.»

This factor, when multiplied times the amount of reduction in tropospheric aerosol emissions, between 1975 and another later year will give the average global temperature for that year (per NASA's J - D land - ocean temperature index values) to within less than a tenth of a degree C. of actuality (when temporary natural variations due to El Nino's, La Nina's, and volcanic eruptions are accounted for).

With land stations we have the option of using only temperature changes between measurements from the same station and disregarding by some procedure stations that are particularly suspect.