Sentences with phrase «between microbiome composition»

While the UniFrac analyses we performed suggest independent associations between microbiome composition and both delivery mode and feeding method, the substantial overlap between the communities defined by both factors suggests that there are other important drivers of microbiome community composition that remain to be identified in future analyses.

Not exact matches

We characterized the intestinal microbiome of 102 6 - week - old infants and observed independent associations between stool microbial community composition, mode of delivery, and feeding method.

We evaluated the associations between the composition of the 6 - week intestinal microbiome and both delivery mode and feeding method in 102 full - term, appropriately grown infants enrolled in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.

Although a few previous studies have found associations between infant feeding and intestinal microbiome composition,9 - 12, 14 to our knowledge, none has examined the relative contribution of combination feeding (breast milk and formula) alongside exclusive formula or breastfeeding to overall microbial community composition.

An emerging body of literature in adults has begun to establish clear associations between gut microbiome composition and a wide range of health outcomes.1 - 6 In contrast, comparatively little is known about the gut microbiome in infants and children, the exposures that shape it, and its lifelong health effects.7 Although limited in their size and scope, a number of studies have established associations between intestinal microbiome profiles in infants, delivery mode, and / or breast milk exposure.8 - 15 These factors both have long - term health consequences.

In a previous study of 24 healthy women, vaginal microbiome composition became less diverse between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and just before delivery was enriched with Lactobacillus species, likely contributing to vertical transmission of these bacteria during vaginal birth.21 In a study of 10 newborns in Venezuela, within hours of delivery, the intestinal tracts of infants born vaginally were colonized by Lactobacillus and Prevotella, whereas infants delivered operatively acquired bacteria present on the mother's skin and the hospital environment, such as Staphylococcus, Proprionibacterium, and Corynebacterium.15 Quiz Ref ID Our findings, based on a large group of 6 - week - old infants, indicated that Lactobacillus also contributes to the microbial environment of the gut but to a lesser extent than Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Streptococcus.

We observed significant independent associations between the composition of the infant gut microbiome and both delivery mode and feeding method.

«Several studies have detected differences in the composition of the gut microbiome between healthy people and those with obesity and type 2 diabetes, but the cause and effect remain unclear,» says Mark McCarthy, and continues:

Further comparisons with western microbiome data showed that the Bantu microbiome composition falls on a spectrum between the BaAka and western populations.

Rather, it conveys the subtle and elegant choreography of one part of the human microbiome: The relationships between the mothers» genetics, the composition of her breast milk and the development of her infant's gut microbiota.

In both AP1 and AP2, the associations between the composition of the microbiome and specific inflammatory cytokines were decreased after treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid, a common asthma therapy.

They found that, while the species of bacteria present in the gut microbiome vary greatly between individuals, the composition of the microbiome is generally stable within the individual over time.

However, the Weizmann researchers were surprised to discover that the host's genetics play a very minor role in determining microbiome composition — only accounting for about 2 % of the variation between populations.

Another study from Sweden even demonstrated that the specific microbiome composition occurring in Alzheimer's patients induces the development of disease - specific amyloid - beta plaques, thereby establishing a direct functional link between the gut microbiome and Alzheimer's disease — at least in mice.

While genetic and epigenetic factors play between the host organism and the microbiota — determining which microbes successfully colonize the gut and other organs — the ultimate dictating force of the composition of an organism's microbiome is diet and environment.

They looked for correlations between specific mutations in the tumor cells and the composition of the tumor microbiome — the types of bacteria present in the tumor's immediate environment and their relative abundance — and found relationships between the two.

The delicate balance between the human microbiome and the development of psychopathologies is particularly interesting given the ease with which the microbiome can be altered by external factors, such as diet, 23 exposure to antimicrobials24, 25 or disrupted sleep patterns.26 For example, a link between antibiotic exposure and altered brain function is well evidenced by the psychiatric side - effects of antibiotics, which range from anxiety and panic to major depression, psychosis and delirium.1 A recent large population study reported that treatment with a single antibiotic course was associated with an increased risk for depression and anxiety, rising with multiple exposures.27 Bercik et al. 28 showed that oral administration of non-absorbable antimicrobials transiently altered the composition of the gut microbiota in adult mice and increased exploratory behaviour and hippocampal expression of brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), while intraperitoneal administration had no effect on behaviour.

Given the dynamic relationship that is emerging between diet and the composition of our microbiome, researchers have observed that adult germ - free mice had 40 % less body fat their germ - bearing (conventionalized) littermates consuming the same diet.