Sentences with phrase «between normal cells»

NCI supports and directs research on the biological differences between normal cells and cancer cells through a variety of programs and approaches.

It has been shown that JNK signaling plays a crucial role in this elimination; however, the initial event occurring at the interface between normal cells and polarity - deficient cells remained unknown.

FY26 has been shown to be more selective between normal cells and cancer cells than cisplatin — having a greater effect on cancer cells than on healthy ones.

The notable differences in fluorescence intensity observed between normal cells and cancer cells, as well as different cancer types, provide important points of differentiation between different cell types and make these probes promising tools for cancer detection and diagnostics.

Not exact matches

While many researchers are still developing affinity - based techniques for isolating circulating tumor cells, others are exploiting the physical differences between normal and tumor cells.

Taking a closer look, the team found that the onset of sepsis disrupts the normal activity of specific interferons, signaling proteins used for communication between immune system cells.

They not only custom - coded the smartphone control algorithms, but designed the engineered cells to produce insulin without any «cross-talk» between normal cellular signaling processes.

It may be necessary for a drug to inhibit some, but not all, of the enzyme, enough to prevent plaque formation but also preserve normal signaling between nerve cells, Yan says.

The parasites might trigger these problems, the scientists hypothesized, by upsetting the normal balance between cells known as osteoclasts, which dissolve bone, and cells called osteoblasts, which build it back up.

Plakoglobin is a component of two important structures involved in cell - to - cell adhesion, and the investigators found that suppressing its expression caused CTC clusters to fall apart, reducing their metastatic potential, and also disrupted cell - to - cell contact between breast cancer cells but not normal breast tissue.

Some experts suspect that an excess of TIGR could cause increased eye pressure by gumming up the space between the meshwork cells and blocking the normal outflow of fluid from the eye.

This revealed telomeres as dangerous structures during mitosis, because the cells momentarily lost the ability to distinguish between damaged DNA strands and normal telomeres.

Of particular interest are the emerging techniques for genomics and proteomics, which allow profiles of gene expression and protein synthesis to be produced and comparisons to be made between normal and abnormal cells, as well as between cells before and after exposure to medicines or toxic chemicals.

«We propose that this mechanism allows the same cell — normal or malignant — to shift between a sensitive state and a resistant state without any permanent changes in their DNA, such as genetic mutations,» says Santagata.

«Under normal circumstances, blood clot contraction plays an important role in preventing bleeding by making a better seal, since the cells become tightly packed as the spaces between them are eliminated,» Weisel said.

The researchers found that the anti-cancer drug romidepsin increased the virus production in HIV - infected cells between 2.1 and 3.9 times above normal and that the viral load in the blood increased to measurable levels in five out of six patients with HIV infection.

If he drives CaMKII above the normal limit while the animal is actively remembering an experience, the memory simply vaporizes, as the connections between the cells suddenly weaken.

«We established a link between one bacterial species — Lactobacillus reuteri — that is a normal part of the gut microbiome, and the development of a population of cells that promote tolerance,» said Marco Colonna, MD, the Robert Rock Belliveau MD Professor of Pathology and the study's senior author.

The group uses immunoaffinity — the specific chemical affinity between an antibody and an antigen — to make CTCs adhere to the device while normal blood cells flow past.

Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center have identified RNA - based biomarkers that distinguish between normal, aging hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia stem cells associated with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML), a particularly problematic disease that typically afflicts older patients who have often already experienced a bout with cancer.

As a result, the immune system, he says, «can identify antigenic differences between the foreign (tumor) and normal, and then go out and eliminate all cells displaying the foreign (tumor) antigens.»

Importantly, the antibody treatment also caused severe degeneration of nerve cell dendrites, the regions that are essential for normal communication between nerve cells.

Coleman added that further research is needed to determine whether cell fusion events between normal human cell types result in genomic catastrophe and neoplastic transformation.

«We have known for a long time known that there are important links between inflammation and cancer, including similar pathways that regulate normal and cancer stem cells,» says study author Max S. Wicha, M.D., distinguished professor of oncology and director of the U-M Comprehensive Cancer Center.

The team report a molecule called lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) changes cells from a solid - like to a liquid - like state, allowing cells to flow between normal tissues in the body.

In addition, cells under stress often behave differently than normal cells do, a huge stumbling block for scientists trying to draw connections between their experiments and the natural world.

In normal cells, this is a part of the wound repair process when PGE2 induces tissues stem cells to regrow; in cancer PGE2 ironically induces regrowth of more cancer stem cells in between chemotherapy cycles, Kurtova and Xiao said.

«The cancer stem cells actively regrow and respond to the induced damage or apoptosis (cell death) caused by chemotherapy in between the different cycles, similar to how normal tissue stem cells respond to wound - induced damages.»

The research team suggests that this normal contact between the two cell types is exploited by cancer cells, in which contact - based, mutually reinforcing cross-talk between them turns off the immune response.

The drug restored in the mice normal levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter communicating messages between nerve cells in the brain.

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the reactive oxygen that is generated by normal cell metabolism and the cell's ability to handle toxic byproducts from that metabolism.

Previous efforts in the field have been held back by difficulties in distinguishing between normal and cancerous T - cells.

The researchers inserted between 10,000 and 40,000 of these small RNAs at once into breast cancer, colon cancer, and normal human cells in the lab.

Using miR - 192 levels in the cells, the investigators were able to differentiate with very high certainty between normal and chronically inflamed pancreas tissue as well as between healthy pancreas tissue and pancreatic cancer.

A tight coordination between DNA duplication and supply of major chromatin building blocks like histones, are crucial to maintain normal function of our cells.

A normal cell exhibits a close gap between the cell membrane and the extracellular matrix, and a relatively uniform distribution of glycopolymers and integrins in the membrane.

A detailed comparison of gene expression signatures between ETP ALL tumors and and normal human hematopoietic progenitor cells revealed a somewhat surprising finding: ETP - ALL expression patterns were less consistent with early T - cell precursors, as might have been expected, but more similar to the expression profile of normal hematopoietic stem cells and granulocyte macrophage precursors.

[ii] Importantly, these results illustrate the interphase between tumor immunity and autoimmunity, since several tumor antigenic proteins are co-expressed by normal and tumor cells.

In this way, the crippled adenovirus would discriminate between cancer cells and normal cells - a Holy Grail of cancer therapy.

We are also therapeutically exploiting differences in signaling threshold requirements between normal and neoplastic cells.

In cytotoxicity assays employing PPAM, we found no significant differences of IC50 values between SCLC tumor cells, SCLC CTC lines which express the Wnt pathway and normal cells such as HEK293 (data not shown).

We initially focused on drilling down into the genetic differences between glioblastoma tumour stem cells and normal neural stem cells.

Here researchers take a different strategy to the normal approach of painstakingly tracing relationships between proteins in cells, starting at the end point of full blown disease and working backwards one step at a time.

A featured paper in the February issue of the research journal Cancer Gene Therapy demonstrates that cancer cells in the liver are excellent targets for gene therapy using adenoviral vectors, based upon a fundamental new understanding of the differences between cancerous and normal liver cells.

We are using a new technique, called single cell RNA sequencing, to isolate thousands of single neurons from human brain tissue, study all the genes that are expressed in each individual cell, and make cell - to - cell comparisons between normal, early stage and late stage AD.

The quality and novelty of the data, leads to new insights into the replication landscape of the human genome and to further unravel the links between replication, gene expression, epigenetic modification and 3D genome organization in normal and cancer cells.

Finally, we ask whether the mechanical differences between normal and cancer cells can be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers of cancer progression.

With the recent advances in technologies, we are now able to map the epigenetic differences between normal and cancer cells at a genomic scale with high efficiency.

Conclusions: In an analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestinal tissues from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases vs controls, we found that reactivity to intestinal bacteria is a normal property of the human CD4 + T - cell repertoire, and does not necessarily indicate disrupted interactions between immune cells and the commensal microbiota.

C: the green line shows the attenuation of optical fluence in scattering tissue relative to the PNB thresholds for normal and prostate cancer (PC) cells, the difference between these thresholds determines an effective radius of PNB - based selective ablation of prostate cancer cells.