Sentences with phrase «between ocean and atmosphere in»

The scientists want to learn more about how heat is exchanged between the ocean and the atmosphere in Antarctic waters.

A German - Russian research team has investigated the role of heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere in long - term climate variability in the Atlantic.

Not exact matches

There are other cycles in nature, such as the water cycle, in which water circulates between the atmosphere and the soil and oceans and rivers.

A release point in the Southern Ocean «When that happens, Meckler said, «you automatically generate communication between the deep ocean and the atmospOcean «When that happens, Meckler said, «you automatically generate communication between the deep ocean and the atmospocean and the atmosphere.

The process may also play a part in the mixing between atmosphere and oceans, as smaller bubbles tend to absorb gas faster than big ones and are better at spitting out aerosol droplets when they pop.

His research efforts will contribute to a better understanding of vertical and lateral carbon fluxes — the amount of carbon exchanged between the land and the atmosphere, and the amount of carbon exchanged between the land and the coastal ocean — in tidal coastal wetlands.

«Because the ocean is in contact with the atmosphere, there's heat exchange between the atmosphere and the surface ocean,» he said.

The working group on coupled biogeochemical cycling and controlling factors dealt with questions regarding the role of plankton diversity, how ocean biogeochemistry will respond to global changes on decadal to centennial time scales, the key biogeochemical links between the ocean, atmosphere, and climate, and the role of estuaries, shelves, and marginal seas in the capturing, transformation, and exchange of terrestrial and open - marine material.

Funding for students working on the research in Branch's lab comes through the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, a collaboration between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and UW.

Some 3 billion tonnes stays in the atmosphere, adding to the greenhouse effect, while between 2 and 3 billion tonnes is absorbed by the oceans.

Five papers in the Oct. 13 Science describe some of the first data collected by the satellite, which is giving scientists an unprecedented peek into how carbon moves between land, atmosphere and oceans.

«But on a larger scale, they constitute sea spray aerosols or sea mist, which plays a huge role in the chemical exchanges between ocean and atmosphere.»

Although the Atlantic and Indian Ocean phenomena were discovered during TOGA, that experiment was set up mainly to unravel the interaction between the atmosphere and currents in the Pacific.

The coupling between ocean and atmosphere isn't following the usual script, and the typical shifts in rain patterns haven't emerged.

It's broadly understood that the world's oceans play a crucial role in the global - scale cycling and exchange of carbon between Earth's ecosystems and atmosphere.

But in many instances, the simulations show, even planets starting with rocky cores as little as 1.5 Earth's mass may trap and hold atmospheres containing between 100 and 1000 times the amount of hydrogen found in the water in Earth's oceans — thick, dense envelopes exerting pressures so hellish that life on the planets» surfaces might be almost impossible.

To put that in perspective, if the heat generated between 1955 and 2010 had gone into the Earth's atmosphere instead of the oceans, temperatures would have jumped by nearly 97 degrees Fahrenheit, the report said.

Researchers report on newly discovered interactions between the atmosphere, sea ice and the ocean in the journal Nature's Scientific Reports.

The strong coupling and interactions between the Tropical Ocean and atmosphere play a major role in the development of global climatic system.

Possible mechanisms include (iv) fertilization of phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean by increased deposition of iron - containing dust from the atmosphere after being carried by winds from colder, drier continental areas, and a subsequent redistribution of limiting nutrients; (v) an increase in the whole ocean nutrient content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated in organic material, resulting in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient expoOcean by increased deposition of iron - containing dust from the atmosphere after being carried by winds from colder, drier continental areas, and a subsequent redistribution of limiting nutrients; (v) an increase in the whole ocean nutrient content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated in organic material, resulting in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient expoocean nutrient content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated in organic material, resulting in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient exported.

Hence, relatively small exchanges of heat between the atmosphere and ocean can cause significant changes in surface temperature.

Natural variability is primarily controlled by exchange of heat between the ocean and the atmosphere, but it is an extremely complex process and if we want to develop better near - term predictive skills — which is looking not at what's going to happen in the next three months but what's going to happen between the next year and 10 years or 20 years or so — if we want to expand our understanding there, we have to understand natural variability better than we do today.

«We couldn't account for everything because the exchanges between the atmosphere and the oceans weren't fully understood,» Edward Garvey, Shaw's main researcher on the tanker project, said in an interview.

ENSO events, for example, can warm or cool ocean surface temperatures through exchange of heat between the surface and the reservoir stored beneath the oceanic mixed layer, and by changing the distribution and extent of cloud cover (which influences the radiative balance in the lower atmosphere).

The latter is almost linearly related to changes in ice sheet volume; the former, however, is influenced by a range of factors, including atmosphere / ocean dynamics and changes in Earth's gravitational field, rotation, and crustal and the mantle deformation associated with the redistribution of mass between land ice and the ocean.

This popular beachfront accommodation is located on Trinity Beach, Cairns» favourite beach, nestled in a protected cove between World Heritage rainforests and spectacular coral reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, where you'll discover the natural beauty of a palm - fringed beach with year - round swimming, temperate ocean waters and a village atmosphere that will have you wanting to visit again and again.

ENSO events, for example, can warm or cool ocean surface temperatures through exchange of heat between the surface and the reservoir stored beneath the oceanic mixed layer, and by changing the distribution and extent of cloud cover (which influences the radiative balance in the lower atmosphere).

Proposed explanations for the discrepancy include ocean — atmosphere coupling that is too weak in models, insufficient energy cascades from smaller to larger spatial and temporal scales, or that global climate models do not consider slow climate feedbacks related to the carbon cycle or interactions between ice sheets and climate.

We find that the difference between the heat balance at the top of the atmosphere and upper - ocean heat content change is not statistically significant when accounting for observational uncertainties in ocean measurements3, given transitions in instrumentation and sampling.

If the heat that's accumulated in the oceans between, say, 2003 and 2012 (~ 9 * 10 ^ 22 J) were instead entirely to heat the atmosphere, GAT would have risen ~ 17 K in that time, ex any feedbacks.

Gravity does the pulling in the atmosphere and oceans, although, once in motion, viscous shear forces occur between adjacent layers moving at different velocities.

In Relationships between Water Vapor Path and Precipitation over the Tropical Oceans, Bretherton et al showed that although the Western Pacific warmer surface waters increased the water in the atmosphere compared to the Eastern Pacific, rainfall was lower in the Western Pacific compared to the Eastern Pacific for equal amounts of water vapor in the atmospheric column — e.g., about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amountIn Relationships between Water Vapor Path and Precipitation over the Tropical Oceans, Bretherton et al showed that although the Western Pacific warmer surface waters increased the water in the atmosphere compared to the Eastern Pacific, rainfall was lower in the Western Pacific compared to the Eastern Pacific for equal amounts of water vapor in the atmospheric column — e.g., about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amountin the atmosphere compared to the Eastern Pacific, rainfall was lower in the Western Pacific compared to the Eastern Pacific for equal amounts of water vapor in the atmospheric column — e.g., about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amountin the Western Pacific compared to the Eastern Pacific for equal amounts of water vapor in the atmospheric column — e.g., about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amountin the atmospheric column — e.g., about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amountin the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amountin the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amounts.

Further, if in the past we had roughly 90 GtC moving in both directions between ocean and atmosphere, it would be absurd to claim that this value was somehow fixed and that changes on the order of a few percent in either direction would totally change things.

There is a potential for both positive and negative feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere, including changes in both the physics (e.g., circulation, stratification) and biology (e.g., export production, calcification) of the ocean.

First, the more appropriate scientific definition of climate is that it is a system involving the oceans, land, atmosphere and continental ice sheets with interfacial fluxes between these components, as we concluded in the 2005 National Research Council report.

And as we learn from the Skeptical Science article I linked to earlier, there is going to be a delay of «decades» between the effects of the CO2 emissions in question (i.e., the heating of the atmosphere due to the greenhouse effect) and a corresponding warming of the oceaAnd as we learn from the Skeptical Science article I linked to earlier, there is going to be a delay of «decades» between the effects of the CO2 emissions in question (i.e., the heating of the atmosphere due to the greenhouse effect) and a corresponding warming of the oceaand a corresponding warming of the oceans.

Volume, in contrast, is crucial in determining the vulnerability of Arctic sea ice to rapid future reductions (since thin ice is much more prone to react strongly to a single warm summer, making single very - low sea - ice summers more likely), and the thickness of the ice determines the exchange of heat between ocean and atmosphere.

For example, the optical thickness of the CO2 in the atmosphere (if you see an error in this list of things independent of climate, see below), the incident solar radiation and it's distribution over time and space (latitude), variations in surface albedo between ocean, rock, vegetation, etc.).

Is it the difference in temperature between the ocean surface and the atmosphere, or the absolute temperature of the ocean surface that encourages hurricane formation?

Now a new study by Durack et al. (2012) has been published in Science that presents the relationship between the oceans and the atmosphere.

There is no surprise that the CO2 in the atmosphere winds up partially in the oceans, nor that the amount of CO2 going into or coming out of the oceans varies in time and space — that's simple equilibrium chemistry between the liquid (that is, dissolved) and gaseous phases, and does explain part of the variability about the long term rising trend.

You state in the response to # 10, ``... There is no surprise that the CO2 in the atmosphere winds up partially in the oceans, nor that the amount of CO2 going into or coming out of the oceans varies in time and space — that's simple equilibrium chemistry between the liquid (that is, dissolved) and gaseous phases...» Are the buffers a part of simple equilibrium chemistry, and where can I go to read up on this and how it pertains to the Models.

In principle, changes in climate on a wide range of timescales can also arise from variations within the climate system due to, for example, interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere; in this document, this is referred to as «internal climate variability»In principle, changes in climate on a wide range of timescales can also arise from variations within the climate system due to, for example, interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere; in this document, this is referred to as «internal climate variability»in climate on a wide range of timescales can also arise from variations within the climate system due to, for example, interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere; in this document, this is referred to as «internal climate variability»in this document, this is referred to as «internal climate variability».

On decadal and longer time scales, global mean sea level change results from two major processes, mostly related to recent climate change, that alter the volume of water in the global ocean: i) thermal expansion (Section 5.5.3), and ii) the exchange of water between oceans and other reservoirs (glaciers and ice caps, ice sheets, other land water reservoirs - including through anthropogenic change in land hydrology, and the atmosphere; Section 5.5.5).

The surface temperature responds to energy transfer between the oceans and atmosphere which varies dynamically as a result of changes in sea surface temperature.

The life of CO2 between its entry to the atmosphere and its dissolution in the surface of the oceans is about 5 years, acknowledged by the former IPCC chairman, Bert Bolin.

It plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle — the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the oceans — and in the buffering of blood and other bodily fluids.

With other words, a temperature increase gives slightly more CO2 in the atmosphere, until a new equilibrium between ocean release / absorption and biosphere aborption / release is established.

Everything else that might try to alter that base level simply results in atmospheric circulation changes (atmosphere includes oceans for this purpose) that adjust the rate of conversion between kinetic and potential energy so as to keep the base level of system energy content stable.

In otherwords, at Mauna Loa, the daily fluence of CO2 between the ocean and atmosphere impies a global daily flux, twilight to afternoon, of 80Gtons, or ten times the yearly anthropogenic contribution!