Sentences with phrase «between oceans and atmosphere»

Grantham should be putting his money into projects such as ARGO, studying ocean temperature and heat interchange between the oceans and the atmosphere, and the CLOUD experiment at CERN, studying cloud formation and cosmic ray action.

Because climate changes result from dynamic interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere, collaborations between sedimentologists, geochemists, marine geologists, paleontologists, planetary scientists, and physical oceanographers will be necessary to develop, test, and calibrate reliable models using the sedimentary record (e.g., Kutzbach, 1987).

And at the same time there are energy exchanges between the oceans and the atmosphere.

The influxes and outfluxes are directly proportional to the ΔpCO2 between oceans and atmosphere at any ocean area.

The rainfall - evaporation interchange between the oceans and the atmosphere is by far the largest component of the hydrologic cycle.

This is accompanied by massive back and forth transfers of heat between the oceans and the atmosphere which was previously unsuspected and which shows up in all world temperature records.

Andy's other statements relate to the characterisation of ENSO both as strictly involving energy transfer between the oceans and atmosphere and as a stationary oscillation.

Much of the warming, he says, stems from fluctuations in temperature that have occurred for millions of years — explained by complicated natural changes in equilibrium between the oceans and the atmosphere — and the latest period of warming will not result in catastrophe.

The surface temperature responds to energy transfer between the oceans and atmosphere which varies dynamically as a result of changes in sea surface temperature.

For example — unless there is a fundamentally different mechanism involved — the PDO and ENSO merely redistributes heat between oceans and atmosphere and there is no net effect on global warming or cooling at all.

In principle, changes in climate on a wide range of timescales can also arise from variations within the climate system due to, for example, interactions between the oceans and the atmosphere; in this document, this is referred to as «internal climate variability».

Now a new study by Durack et al. (2012) has been published in Science that presents the relationship between the oceans and the atmosphere.

A German - Russian research team has investigated the role of heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere in long - term climate variability in the Atlantic.

A study led by scientists at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel shows that the ocean currents influence the heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere and thus can explain climate variability on decadal time scales.

The scientists want to learn more about how heat is exchanged between the ocean and the atmosphere in Antarctic waters.

«But on a larger scale, they constitute sea spray aerosols or sea mist, which plays a huge role in the chemical exchanges between ocean and atmosphere.»

The coupling between ocean and atmosphere isn't following the usual script, and the typical shifts in rain patterns haven't emerged.

Understanding the exchange of carbon between the ocean and atmosphere is vital to understanding global climate and its past, present and future variability.

However, it is also very noisy because a small amount of energy exchange between ocean and atmosphere make a big difference to surface temperature.

Natural variability is primarily controlled by exchange of heat between the ocean and the atmosphere, but it is an extremely complex process and if we want to develop better near - term predictive skills — which is looking not at what's going to happen in the next three months but what's going to happen between the next year and 10 years or 20 years or so — if we want to expand our understanding there, we have to understand natural variability better than we do today.

These changes might influence interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere such as the air - sea gas exchange and the emission of sea - spray aerosols that can scatter solar radiation or contribute to the formation of clouds.

Heat exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere is mainly mediated by the blowing wind, evaporation and condensation not infrared radiation.

Further, if in the past we had roughly 90 GtC moving in both directions between ocean and atmosphere, it would be absurd to claim that this value was somehow fixed and that changes on the order of a few percent in either direction would totally change things.

There is a potential for both positive and negative feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere, including changes in both the physics (e.g., circulation, stratification) and biology (e.g., export production, calcification) of the ocean.

Volume, in contrast, is crucial in determining the vulnerability of Arctic sea ice to rapid future reductions (since thin ice is much more prone to react strongly to a single warm summer, making single very - low sea - ice summers more likely), and the thickness of the ice determines the exchange of heat between ocean and atmosphere.

Also, seeing as the oceans contain 50 times the co2 of atmosphere, and the huge exchange that occurs between ocean and atmosphere, I would think such an increase would be trivial and difficult to document.

The findings will help scientists to understand the processes controlling the exchange of CO2 and oxygen between the ocean and atmosphere.

Nevertheless, surface temperatures show much internal variability due to heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere.

In otherwords, at Mauna Loa, the daily fluence of CO2 between the ocean and atmosphere impies a global daily flux, twilight to afternoon, of 80Gtons, or ten times the yearly anthropogenic contribution!

As already stated, the daily fluence between the ocean and atmosphere dwarfs the yearly athropogenic contribution.

Variations in sea temperatures can reflect shifts in heat exchanges between the ocean and the atmosphere.

The significance of these restraints should be considered by the deniers when they assert that the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the oceans is so large that exchanges between the ocean and the atmosphere dwarf human production.

The energy imbalance between the ocean and the atmosphere appears to be decreasing.

This is the type of variability that comes from natural interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere (i.e., that due to phenomena like the El - Nino / Southern Oscillation or perhaps the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation).

Here we present a means to estimate this natural flux by a separation of oceanic carbon anomalies into those created by biogenic processes and those created by CO2 exchange between the ocean and atmosphere.

The AMO sets the signal's tempo, while the sea ice bridges communication between ocean and atmosphere.

It is important to mention that these processes are not uniform over the global ocean and thus the disequilibrium is not only between ocean and atmosphere, but there are also differences in radiocarbon levels within the ocean.

Did warming of the earth ever start, or was it just a variation in the flow of energy between ocean and atmosphere?

I have devoted 30 years to conducting research on topics including climate feedback processes in the Arctic, energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere, the role of clouds and aerosols in the climate system, and the impact of climate change on the characteristics of tropical cyclones.

Additionally, these cycles simply move thermal energy between the ocean and the atmosphere, and do not change the energy balance of the Earth.

You are still armwaving about energy transfers between ocean and atmosphere — we don't know and I don't especially care.

The surface temperature changes are the result of both cloud and water vapour change and changes in heat flux between ocean and atmosphere.

seems to be... «the warming lower troposphere acts a governor or control valve, reducing the rate of net heat flux between ocean and atmosphere»

Investigate how surface exchanges of buoyancy and momentum between the ocean and the atmosphere / cryosphere drive the AMOC circulation across a broad range of timescales from monthly to millennial (i.e., quasi-steady-state).

These two mechanisms are so strongly dependent on the temperature difference between the ocean surface ant the atmosphere that the net influence on the skin temperature and on the net heat transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere is negligible.

Ice significantly reduces the heat flux between ocean and atmosphere; through its high albedo it has a strong influence on the radiation budget of the entire Arctic.

The mechanisms involve convection changes with a cloud response and energy transfer between ocean and atmosphere.

Note that the gross amounts of carbon annually exchanged between the ocean and atmosphere, and between the land and atmosphere, represent a sizeable fraction of the atmospheric CO2 content and are many times larger than the total anthropogenic CO2 input.

«Outgassing» would require equilibrium between ocean and atmosphere to be the reverse of reality.

You are talking about internal climate variation which is code for rearranging energy between ocean and atmosphere.