Sentences with phrase «between phenotypes»

The influence of three plausible models of genetic and environmental influences on the relationship between phenotypes was examined over time.

Development of computational approaches to predict associations between phenotype and genotype (Forward and Reverse Genomics)

So, with National Science Foundation funding, we developed a set of laboratories illustrating key concepts of gene analysis in plants, including the relationship between phenotype and molecular genotype, genetic modification of plants and detection of transgenes in foods, and linkage and bioinformatics methods for gene mapping.

Whether LC (ketogenic) diets are a suitable tool for weight loss will remain an important issue for some time, as more complex interactions between phenotype and diet composition are identified (23).

Not exact matches

However, with the development of phylogenetic analyses, we can see speciation at the genetic level (i.e. highly reduced or absent interbreeding between subpopulations) without the distinct morphological differences one would require if phenotypes were the only measure.

The relationship is non-linear because phenotype, or set of observable characteristics, is determined by a complex interplay between an organism's genes — tens of thousands of them, all influencing one another's behaviour — and its environment.

«We think pleiotropy, or one gene affecting two or more phenotypes, may explain the correlation between personality and locomotion,» Langerhans said.

«We're asking whether or not there is a chain of causality between gut microbiota and (disease) phenotype,» says Attie.

Finally, transformation may provide a general approach to the analysis of complex heritable phenotypes by permitting the distinction between phenotypic changes without concomitant changes in DNA and functional genetic rearrangements.

«There are lots of intervening steps in between a person's genotype and their experience of phenotype,» says Leach Scully.

Surprisingly, they found that although the patterns of gene expression — as shown by the RNA sequencing — differed between the hepatocellular carcinomas and the liver cancers with biliary phenotype and depended on the histological type, the overall pattern of mutations in the cells was actually similar between the tumors — of either type — that had emerged in patients who had had infections with either hepatitis C or B, and were different in patients without such infections.

Dartmouth researchers developed a new biological pathway - based computational model, called the Pathway - based Human Phenotype Network (PHPN), to identify underlying genetic connections between different diseases as reported in BioDataMining this week.

Cardiovascular phenotyping between the ages of 60 and 64 years with carotid intima media thickness (cIMT; a surrogate marker for cardiovascular events) was used to assess the effect of lifetime exposure to adiposity on cardiovascular risk factors.

Thus, because they largely regulate the expression of genes, hormones represent a link between nutrition and how our genes are expressed, i.e. our phenotype.

Harvard Medical School in Boston, which received a $ 9 million award in January to act as «coordinating center,» will facilitate collaboration between researchers and will make patient data widely available through public repositories such as NIH's database of Genotypes and Phenotypes, explained Anastasia Wise, director of NHGRI's Division of Genomic Medicine, at a press conference today.

«However, this proof - of - concept study defines a roadmap for future studies investigating the genetic covariance between structural / functional brain phenotypes and risk for psychiatric disorders,» Sullivan said.

Haplotype - resolved information for the human genome is essential for understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype.

MicroRNAs are transferred between cells via exosomes and influence the phenotypes of their recipient cells.

Thus, one may speculate that lower birthweight is an intermediate step or «phenotype» between air pollution and insulin resistance.

In the bone metastatic microenvironment, the crosstalk between metastasized cancer cells and the surrounding bone cells is critical for the formation of the osteoblastic or osteolytic phenotype.

We do studies to understand the exact relationship between genotype and phenotype in both animal models and in human subjects including twins.

These findings in murine muscle, coupled with a significant association between a SNP in exon 3 of the IL15RA gene and human endurance athletes, support our hypothesis whereby IL - 15Rα has a role in defining the phenotype of fast skeletal muscles.

We begin with four different modular networks within and between which nodes (in this case, genes, mRNA, proteins, biochemical or physiological properties, or environmental factors) interact to yield the ultimate phenotype.

If interactions between IL - 15 and IL - 15Rα were to occur strictly as a secreted cytokine binding to a cell surface receptor, then similar exercise and muscle phenotypes would have been observed in both IL - 15Rα — KO mice and IL - 15 — KO mice, since ligand - receptor binding would have been interrupted in both of these mouse strains.

More patients are needed to clarify the possible correlation between the location of the mutation and disease severity, but understanding this relationship could be of great value in identifying molecules directly involved in clinical phenotypes and in providing new targets for drug discovery,» says Dr. Tohyama.

The interaction between the human host and microbes reflects a unique exposure that not only can lead directly to disease expression, but also can lead to changes in human host phenotype that is not directly pathogenic.

IPAD - MD project (Research Infrastructure for Phenotyping, Arching and Distribution of Mouse Diseases Models) addresses the global cooperation and coordination between INFRAFRONTIER and complementary research infrastructures world - wide, contributing to the global effort of IMPC.

Often this garners more compelling evidence of a gene's importance, because it demonstrates the relationship between a genetic entity and phenotype visible at the cellular level or above.

The mouse embryonic stem cell knockout resource provides a basis for the characterization of relationships between genes and phenotypes.

Taken together, these data are consistent with interallelic complementation of UV sensitivity in cells but underscore the lack of any correlation between UV - related repair characteristics and TTD progeroid phenotypes in animal models.

Harmonising ontological descriptions of phenotype in mouse and human and improving links between mouse model data and human data, using diabetes and obesity as examples, will increase the relevance of data that is generated in mouse studies for clinical studies.

Conceivably, fitting new catalogues of genetic alterations to this model of acquired capabilities will help us better understand the relationship between genotype (genetic susceptibility and somatic mutation) and phenotype (tumor development, growth, and metastasis).

In addition, phenotype ontologies allow interoperability between registries and other resources, such as biobanks or omics databases.

Research interests: Socioecology of juvenile development in atelines, life history and socioecology of New World primates, juvenile social development and social learning, interface between morphology, behavior, genetics / genomics and life history; functional genomics and anthropological genetics, heritability and genomics of obesity phenotypes during development, modeling longitudinal growth and development.

A great lab for increasing students» understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype!

This research, performed under controlled conditions in a simple model, will support a systems - level understanding of universal relationships between genotype, environment, and phenotype.

Other factors will also impact the evolution of adhesion phenotypes, including the relative advantage of highly - adhesive cells against less - adhesive cells in direct competition [54], and the trade - off between competitive surface adhesion and the ability to disperse to new habitats for later growth [38, 40, 83].

Given the relationship between spatial structure and the evolutionary stability of different secretion phenotypes, we might expect surface colonization and adhesion strategies to coevolve with the ability to produce extracellular public goods, as well as toxins.

The Disrupted - in - Schizophrenia - 1 (DISC1) gene was first identified at the breakpoint of a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 11 that co-segregated with a broad psychiatric phenotype in a large

An overview of the functional relationships between Xpd alleles, phenotypes, and the presumed underlying TFIIH function in mice and cells is presented in Table 2.

To compare T cell phenotypes between DGKζ − / − and Cbl - b − / − mice, and to evaluate DKO mice, we isolated thymi, lymph nodes, and spleens from mice of each genotype and determined expression of T cell surface markers.

Hence when comparing data between the groups, it will be impossible to determine if differences in phenotype were due to changes in any one nutrient.

Utilizes spontaneous and CRISPR / Cas9 generated mouse lines along with primary cell culture models to look at the molecular intersection between the motor neuron and heart phenotypes in mouse models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Respiratory Distress (SMARD).

(21) Moreover, while the link between excessive visceral adipose tissue and age - independent diabetes and metabolic syndrome widely known, recent studies suggest instead that it is the accumulation of senescent subcutaneous adipocyte progenitors — and their abnormal metabolic function — that drives similar diabetes - like phenotypes during the «normal» aging process.

Sequence polymorphisms in this gene between susceptible and resistant strains were identified that may account for the difference in phenotype.

InfraCoMP's main objective is to coordinate collaboration between the INFRAFRONTIER Research Infrastructure and the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC).

It would be interesting to know which genetic differences between the closely related wAu and wMelCS explain the different phenotypes.

Emergent phenotypes: association between morphology and coloration in fish.

Scientists first coined the term «epigenetic» (which literally means «above the genome») in the 1940s as a way of classifying changes that occurred between genome and phenotype.

Using the EMPReSSslim phenotyping pipeline, allowing a broad based assessment of diverse biological systems, the ICS contributed to decipher the different phenotypes between the two lines that were replicated across multiple mouse clinics.