Featured on the cover of Developmental Cell, a paper by OIST researchers revealed the mechanistic link
between photoreceptor cell degeneration and defects in protein transport.
The second layer is made of bipolar cells that act as a conduit
between the photoreceptor and the third type of cell, the ganglion, which transmits the light signals to the brain.
It is this sequence of responses, rather than comparisons
between the photoreceptors, that the mantis shrimp use to identify colours, Marshall says.
This defect produces a debris zone
between photoreceptors and RPE, with subsequent loss of the photoreceptors themselves.
Not exact matches
Microglia support
photoreceptors by keeping the connections
between them intact.
These detectors compare changes in luminance
between two neighbouring
photoreceptor units, or facets, in the fruit fly's eye for every point in the visual space.
The case for direct interaction was bolstered by similarities
between gene expression profiles of plants with various deficiencies in
photoreceptors and COP1.
Both unmodified and genetically modified groups were found to have cells that migrated and survived in two distinct locations: (i) as a separate, nearly continuous, subretinal layer lying
between the host RPE and
photoreceptors, and (ii) as individual cells distributed throughout the neurosensory retina, especially within the inner retinal layers (Figure 5A).
iPS - RPE cells were injected into the subretinal space
between the host RPE and
photoreceptor cells (B) A layer of iPS - RPE cells in the subretinal space of the dystrophic RCS rat 20 hours following transplantation.
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of cells, residing at the back of the eye
between Bruch's membrane and the retina, which is essential for
photoreceptor function and survival.
The gene product's precise role is not currently understood but it is thought to anchor regulatory complexes at the
photoreceptor connecting cilium, which acts as a bridge
between the inner and outer segments of
photoreceptor cells [43] as well as having functions in disk morphogenesis [42] and in the structure of the ciliary axoneme [44].
(C) At the transition
between relatively well preserved and completely absent (*) retinal architecture, loss of
photoreceptors (cones are labeled red with hCAR antibody) is associated with accumulation of autofluorescent material (green) in the subretinal space and within the RPE (arrows).