Sentences with phrase «between spatial scale»

Voxel - based morphometry and automated lobar volumetry: The trade - off between spatial scale and statistical correction

There is a difference between the spatial scales associated with a local point measurement and statistics based on many local values.

Not exact matches

Each such case would involve a matching of spatial and temporal scales between the defining network of relationships (subjective aim?)

I have not examined the economic data, but it appears that M&M 2007 maybe can not win — either (i) the spatial distribution of the economic indices are equally smooth and M&M 2007's attempt to account for dependencies within each country fails to resolve the problem of dependency between the countries, or (ii) the economic indices vary abruptly from country to country and thus have very different spatial scales and structures to those seen in the warming trends.

The records document that the Laschamp Excursion was characterized locally by (1) declination changes of ± 120 °, (2) inclination changes of more than 140 °, (3) ~ 1200 - year oscillations in both inclination and declination, (4) near 90 ° out - of - phase relationships between inclinations and declinations that produced two clockwise loops in directions and virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) followed by a counterclockwise loop, (5) excursional VGPs during both intervals of clockwise looping, (6) magnetic field intensities less than 10 % of normal that persisted for almost 2000 years, (7) marked similarity in excursional directions over ~ 5000 km spatial scale length, and (8) secular variation rates comparable to historic field behavior but persisting in sign for hundreds of years.

Fire regimes are characterized by interactive relationships, across temporal and spatial scales, between climate and weather, vegetation and fuels, and ignition sources and topography (Parisien and Moritz 2009).

Examination of the geographical distribution of the differences in 0 to 700 m heat content between the 1977 — 1981 and 1965 — 1969 pentads and the 1986 — 1990 and 1977 — 1981 pentads shows that the pattern of heat content change has spatial scales of entire ocean basins and is also found in similar analyses by Ishii et al. (2006).

Lawless writes, «I'm attempting to engage the viewer by exploring spatial and color relationships, scale, the similarity between packaging and architecture, and the ways that manipulating visual logic can animate what we see.»

Stephen Bram's site - specific, mural - scale wall painting continues the artist's ongoing exploration of the relationship between abstract painting and the representation of architecture and spatial perception.

Smith's architectural models and sketches demonstrate an early fascination with spatial relationships between large - scale geometric forms.

Proposed explanations for the discrepancy include ocean — atmosphere coupling that is too weak in models, insufficient energy cascades from smaller to larger spatial and temporal scales, or that global climate models do not consider slow climate feedbacks related to the carbon cycle or interactions between ice sheets and climate.

Uses analyses at national and state scales to examine a suite of climatic and intrinsic drivers of continental - scale West Nile virus epidemics, including an empirically derived mechanistic relationship between temperature and transmission potential that accounts for spatial variability in vectors

However, detection and attribution analyses based on climate simulations that include these forcings, (e.g., Stott et al., 2006b), continue to detect a significant anthropogenic influence in 20th - century temperature observations even though the near - surface patterns of response to black carbon aerosols and sulphate aerosols could be so similar at large spatial scales (although opposite in sign) that detection analyses may be unable to distinguish between them (Jones et al., 2005).

Among these, he noted the close agreement between climate model output and observations down to spatial scales smaller than continents, which forms a part of the detection and attribution literature.

The analysis of the results shows that, in all those cases, the distance between the adjacent boundaries of the waveguides is lower than the characteristic spatial scale of the relevant Airy functions.

«Epistemology is here applied to problems of statistical inference during testing, the relationship between the underlying physics and the models, the epistemic meaning of ensemble statistics, problems of spatial and temporal scale, the existence or not of an unforced null for climate fluctuations, the meaning of existing uncertainty estimates, and other issues.

Projections become less consistent between models as spatial scales decrease.

The records document that the Laschamp Excursion was characterized locally by (1) declination changes of ± 120 °, (2) inclination changes of more than 140 °, (3) ~ 1200 - year oscillations in both inclination and declination, (4) near 90 ° out - of - phase relationships between inclinations and declinations that produced two clockwise loops in directions and virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) followed by a counterclockwise loop, (5) excursional VGPs during both intervals of clockwise looping, (6) magnetic field intensities less than 10 % of normal that persisted for almost 2000 years, (7) marked similarity in excursional directions over ~ 5000 km spatial scale length, and (8) secular variation rates comparable to historic field behavior but persisting in sign for hundreds of years.