«Our findings give us insights into how fidelity to breeding and feeding destinations persist over many generations, resulting in differences
between whale populations, and why some populations are more genetically differentiated from the rest.
Not exact matches
Palumbi used two different types of gene in the sampled
whale meat to derive his estimated pre-whaling
population estimate of
between 500,000 and one million.
The occasional genetic interchange
between populations also seemed to correlate with feeding grounds with high densities of krill, places where
whales from different
populations are likely to move vast distances and come into contact with other
populations.
They included perilous falls in the
populations of several
whales and porpoises, the dysfunctional relationship
between the science community and the administration of President Donald Trump and continuing revelations of sexual harassment in science.
Seeking to establish links
between populations of blue
whales in the Gulf of Corcovado and other regions, the researchers examined DNA collected from the skin of blue
whales with biopsy darts fired from crossbows across the eastern South Pacific.
The samples were then analyzed with a technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR), used to amplify specific nuclear «microsatellites» for statistically measuring gene flow
between the different
populations and subpopulations located in the western South Atlantic (Breeding Stock A) and the eastern South Atlantic and Indian Ocean
populations (Breeding Stocks B and C, and the Arabian Sea humpback
whale population, respectively).
The authors point out that the findings support previous observations of individual male
whales moving
between populations in different ocean basins, and that subpopulations from both regions could share the same feeding ground in Antarctic waters.
Using data generated from more than 3,000 skin samples from individual
whales ranging from the South Atlantic to the Indian Oceans, the research team has uncovered previously unknown degrees of relatedness
between different
whale populations.
In the largest study on the genetics of
whale sharks conducted to date, researchers found that the world's biggest fish likely exist in 2 distinct
populations with minimal connectivity
between the Indo - Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean.
Stable isotope results show only very slight differences
between ancient and modern
whales, indicating the hypothesis of
population substructure in the past around the area of the Olympic peninsula / Vancouver Island remains a possibility and warrants further investigation using larger sample sizes.
Of particular interest is the possibility of a large
population decline prior to
whaling, as such a decline could explain the ∼ 5-fold difference
between genetic estimates of prior abundance and estimates based on historical records.
Eastern gray
whales represent a useful case study for investigating historic
population dynamics and in particular the discrepancy
between genetic and historical data, because both genetic diversity and historical records have been examined in depth [5], [16], [17].
The nature of the relationship
between gray
whale populations and climate - sensitive ecosystem features such as sea ice, freshwater input to nearshore benthic ecosystems and benthic species composition is poorly understood [19], [20].
[19][20] Although identity
between the Atlantic and Pacific
populations can not be proven by anatomical data, its skeleton is distinctive and easy to distinguish from that of all other living
whales.
«We have typically counted births and deaths to assess
population status, but photogrammetry gives us a new tool to better assess the
whales» condition
between years and to look for changes over the course of the year,» said NOAA's Lynne Barre.
This
whale population, hunted nearly to extinction generations ago, is slowly recovering, with an estimated 450 right
whales dividing their time
between winter calving areas off the southeastern United States and summer feeding grounds from New England north.
The baleen
whales were hunted to near extinction before the mid-20th century, and their
populations have not recovered to anywhere near historic levels yet, so I have trouble seeing a link
between plankton depletion and
whales.
Newly available shipping lanes through the Northwest Passage would greatly shorten the trip
between Europe and East Asia, but would likely cross the migratory route of any right
whales that occupy the region.It's vital that we know about right
whales in this area in order to effectively avoid ship strikes on what could be a quite fragile
population.