Sentences with phrase «bias correction in»

The raw daily climate model simulation results were bias corrected according to the ISI - MIP protocol (1, 23), despite known caveats with respect to the use of bias correction in climate impact studies (24).

Not exact matches

«Given the position bias for flattening, periodic steepening corrections should be expected but don't signal a change in view, but rather a case of ringing the register after which there will attempts to justify the price action with something more cerebral until we revert to flattening.»

(16) These different positions have generally acted in correction of the biases present within the other Christian positions.

The investigator, Florence L. Finkle, is leaving less than a month after a damning federal inquiry chronicled assaults on teenage inmates by guards at Rikers, and criticized the division she oversaw as «ineffectual,» «understaffed» and biased in favor of correction officers.

It seems the original author — someone King describes as highly cited — had mentioned in his methods section that he'd applied two statistical corrections to his data to account for a selection bias.

This shows up in Webber's analysis in the size of the selection - bias correction and how it changes between cohorts.

This shift has resulted in a well documented increasing cool bias over the last several decades and is addressed by applying a correction to the data.

We demonstrated that a regression - based statistical correction for the proportion of the students in each teacher's class that are English - language learners, have education disabilities, are from low - income families, and so forth, wrings most of the bias out of classroom observations.

Among them are that it is not collected in the same way from state to state; misses center - based programs that fall outside the licensed provider network; does not incorporate corrections for sample bias; and, most critically, does not incorporate information from individual families on their daycare and preschool expenses.

The Jeep's stiff, street - biased suspension hangs lots of wheels in the air, sometimes three at once, while all manner of electronic traction control devices apply brake and transmission corrections for your driving pleasure.

This would imply that the last few years in ths SST record is biased a little low — but as I said also, it's probably best to wait and see how this plays out when all the new corrections are made.

In this case, there has been an identification of a host of small issues (and, in truth, there are always small issues in any complex field) that have involved the fidelity of the observations (the spatial coverage, the corrections for known biases), the fidelity of the models (issues with the forcings, examinations of the variability in ocean vertical transports etc.), and the coherence of the model - data comparisonIn this case, there has been an identification of a host of small issues (and, in truth, there are always small issues in any complex field) that have involved the fidelity of the observations (the spatial coverage, the corrections for known biases), the fidelity of the models (issues with the forcings, examinations of the variability in ocean vertical transports etc.), and the coherence of the model - data comparisonin truth, there are always small issues in any complex field) that have involved the fidelity of the observations (the spatial coverage, the corrections for known biases), the fidelity of the models (issues with the forcings, examinations of the variability in ocean vertical transports etc.), and the coherence of the model - data comparisonin any complex field) that have involved the fidelity of the observations (the spatial coverage, the corrections for known biases), the fidelity of the models (issues with the forcings, examinations of the variability in ocean vertical transports etc.), and the coherence of the model - data comparisonin ocean vertical transports etc.), and the coherence of the model - data comparisons.

HadSST3 not only greatly expands the amount of raw data processed, it makes some important improvements in how the uncertainties are dealt with and has a more Bayesian probabilistic treatment of the necessary bias corrections.

The relevant passage from Karl et al seems to be: «In essence, the bias correction involved calculating the average difference between collocated buoy and ship SSTs.

The ``... uneven spatial distribution, many missing data points, and a large number of non-climatic biases varying in time and space» all contribute inaccuracies to to the global temperature record — as do errors in orbital decay corrections, limb - corrections, diurnal corrections, and hot - target corrections, all of which rely on measurements (+ - inherent errors), in the satellite temperature records.

In contrast, the only interval in the GISS or NCDC global time series that looks odd is during the WWII years between 1941 and 1945, where it appears that all the temperatures have a warming bias of 0.1 C. I agree with J.J.Kennedy that it is an artificial shift based on war - time procedures, but I think the corrections that Hadley made post-WWII were questionablIn contrast, the only interval in the GISS or NCDC global time series that looks odd is during the WWII years between 1941 and 1945, where it appears that all the temperatures have a warming bias of 0.1 C. I agree with J.J.Kennedy that it is an artificial shift based on war - time procedures, but I think the corrections that Hadley made post-WWII were questionablin the GISS or NCDC global time series that looks odd is during the WWII years between 1941 and 1945, where it appears that all the temperatures have a warming bias of 0.1 C. I agree with J.J.Kennedy that it is an artificial shift based on war - time procedures, but I think the corrections that Hadley made post-WWII were questionable.

They managed to avoid bias in their data selection, homogenization and other corrections.

Another demonstration that the corrections are sufficient is that over the continental US, where many cities have a clear urban heating signal, the mean of the corrected data is actually rather flat (p88)-- i.e. none of the strong urban biases in the US has made it into the regional or indeed global mean.

Progress in the longer term depends on identifying and correcting model biases, accumulating as complete a set of historic observations as possible, and developing improved methods of detection and correction of observational biases.»

The results over time may vary as a function of a) the input data (which change due to corrections, increasing archived data, changes in homogeneity adjustments, bias corrections etc. made by others — including the National Met Services), b) the method (all of which are documented in the various papers).

The gridded field is produced from ship and buoy sea surface temperatures in the ICOADS release 2.5 data set (29) using bias correction and Empirical Orthogonal Teleconnection methodologies as described in (13).

Since there's almost no intellectual diversity, and no bias - correction procedures, one ideology has become embedded in ostensibly scientific research — sometimes invalidating that research in surprising ways.

If so, then the order stations are evaluated may matter, and it may also introduce a bias — the first corrected station would bias it's neighbours in the direction of it's correction relative to it's own correction.

I am not competent to judge the correctness of the HadSST3 bias corrections: That is a discussion which will take place in the peer - reviewed literature over the next few years.

A comparison of HadSST2 with the NCDC temperature data, and of the unadjusted HadSST3 (i.e. without the new bias corrections) with NCDC using only common coverage ocean cells is shown in right panel of Figure 2.

So what we are all studying is the Anomaly = (Raw data = «local signal» + «local contamination bias and error» + recording error) + Corrections for what is known + error in corrections + bias in corrections.

In the context of parametric uncertainty for the bias corrections, the determination of uncertainty is associated with a number of underlying assumptions that are uncertain in themselveIn the context of parametric uncertainty for the bias corrections, the determination of uncertainty is associated with a number of underlying assumptions that are uncertain in themselvein themselves.

These changes have resulted in a time - dependent bias in the global SST record, and various corrections have been developed to account for the bias (18).

The ICESat bias corrections used by the Zwally team were appropriate for measuring sea ice, but not for measuring high altitude land - base ice sheets like found in Antarctica (the values returned for Lake Vostok alone were so unphysical that they should have made the entire study DOA) 2.

This again points out a glitch in the «bias corrections».

In essence, the bias correction involved calculating the average difference between collocated buoy and ship SSTs.

Satellite soundings generally need bias correction - although one or two upper stratospheric channels have to be taken as reference channels in order to constrain the problem.

So, the next step will be to revisit the SST bias corrections and refine them, making use of the new information uncovered concerning national measurement practices and new analysis techniques that allow for more accurate corrections in areas and at times where there are few data.

Even with these bias corrections, the event falls outside the simulated distribution (as in the Weather@Home ensemble), with a return time of more than a few thousand years.

This shift has resulted in a well documented increasing cool bias over the last several decades and is addressed by applying a correction to the data.

The bias correction procedure was changed and this resulted in different SST anomalies and different trends during the last 15 + years relative to ERSST version 3.

In next steps we will compare results at a coarser scale (e.g. 5 °) to reduce the inuence of bias correction on results and also separate into small and large scale explicitly as in Di Luca et al. (2013In next steps we will compare results at a coarser scale (e.g. 5 °) to reduce the inuence of bias correction on results and also separate into small and large scale explicitly as in Di Luca et al. (2013in Di Luca et al. (2013).

In locations where the difference between observations and RCMs is large, bias correction tends to inflate the magnitude of projected extremes.

Given that biases in buckets measurements depend on the air - sea temperature difference any more detailed corrections would involve using both MAT and SST together.

First, a bias correction algorithm, quantile delta mapping (QDM), that explicitly preserves relative changes in precipitation quantiles is presented.

The also say that: «When we do not adjust NMAT as discussed in section 2, our computed 1854 - 1941 bias correction is about constant».

Regarding Smith and Reynolds, the first quote in full was «Thus, for part of the nineteenth century our bias corrections will be influenced by the Folland and Parker (1995) corrections.»

Quantile mapping bias correction algorithms are commonly used to correct systematic distributional biases in precipitation outputs from climate models.

When Folland and Parker's correction is adopted to the historical SST data, the systematic biases in monthly mean SST anomalies have been corrected almost perfectly at three stations, and the biases at the other two stations have been reduced by 40 - 50 %.»

If a bias correction is made which applies to all the measurements in a particular month, the the resulting uncertainty in the global temperature will be just as big as the corresponding uncertainty in any individual cell.

This test does not prove anything except that you have made significant structural changes to the climate data in applying the bias correction (irrespective of whether it is a good or bad one).

The other quote «When we do not adjust NMAT as discussed in section 2, our computed 1854 - 1941 bias correction is about constant» is interesting and perhaps more interesting again in full:

I also note that there is a brief period from 1910 - 1925 when the bias correction is in to opposite direction to the tendency in ICOADS.

In climate: On the need for bias correction of regional climate change projections of temperature and precipitation Jens.

It was the fact that the multitude of adjustments for supposed biases just happened to generate a correction that was very close in form to the long term variation in the signal.