Sentences with phrase «bias corrections which»

Conversely, bias corrections which vary over time can have a big effect on trends.

Instead Kennedy et al have created 100 «realizations» of data using different values for the various bias corrections which sample the uncertainty range for each correction.

Not exact matches

«Given the position bias for flattening, periodic steepening corrections should be expected but don't signal a change in view, but rather a case of ringing the register after which there will attempts to justify the price action with something more cerebral until we revert to flattening.»

The ``... uneven spatial distribution, many missing data points, and a large number of non-climatic biases varying in time and space» all contribute inaccuracies to to the global temperature record — as do errors in orbital decay corrections, limb - corrections, diurnal corrections, and hot - target corrections, all of which rely on measurements (+ - inherent errors), in the satellite temperature records.

The results over time may vary as a function of a) the input data (which change due to corrections, increasing archived data, changes in homogeneity adjustments, bias corrections etc. made by others — including the National Met Services), b) the method (all of which are documented in the various papers).

I am not competent to judge the correctness of the HadSST3 bias corrections: That is a discussion which will take place in the peer - reviewed literature over the next few years.

which includes bias corrections for XBT and MDT data, and satellite - based sea ice concentrations from the EUMETSAT Ocean Sea Ice satellite Application Facility (OSI - SAF,

This warm period was suppressed by Hadley «bias corrections» which removed two thirds of the inconvenient downward trend.

As for the issue of the SST bias correction applied to HadSST2 (which forms the marine component of HadCRUT) Rayner et al (2006) themselves admit that the bias correction is incorrect.

If a bias correction is made which applies to all the measurements in a particular month, the the resulting uncertainty in the global temperature will be just as big as the corresponding uncertainty in any individual cell.

As the trend in the US rural stations, which at least until very recently employed these min / max stations, has been from early evening observation (5 pm or 7 pm in most of the sources I've found) to early morning observation (usually 7 am), this has been presumed to put an artificial cooling bias into the temperature record, so a net positive, and increasing as more stations have been converted, correction has been added to the raw data.

Am I correct, that in this case «raw» excludes corrections for time of observation bias, which the NOAA data includes?

This correction is conveniently provided by the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), which shows no long - term bias.

Much of these concerns were echoed in a Corrections Service Canada report on The Black Inmate Experience in Federal Penitentiaries, which confirmed rampant prejudice and bias on behalf of corrections staff.

Preacher and colleagues have developed a bootstrapping strategy for estimating conditional indirect effects which makes no assumption about the shape of the distribution and incorporates bias correction and acceleration that improve the accuracy of confidence intervals.