Sentences with phrase «bicarbonate ion»

The explanation may include greater use of the bicarbonate ion or controlling pH at the organism surface.

At this pH range the concentration of CO2 (as carbonic acid — H2CO3, or CO2 hydrate) is 1.5 to two orders of magnitude * lower * than the concentration of bicarbonate ion HCO3 -.

These reactions are fully reversible and the basic thermodynamics of these reactions in seawater are well known, such that at a pH of approximately 8.1 approximately 90 % the carbon is in the form of bicarbonate ion, 9 % in the form of carbonate ion, and only about 1 % of the carbon is in the form of dissolved CO2.

If we assume that the bicarbonate ion is the predominant specie at pH 7, then we only get one proton per CO2 molecule in forming carbonic acid.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

These microorganisms contain microcompartments named carboxysomes that encapsulate Rubisco in a protein shell and contain an enzyme, carbonic anhydrase (CA), which converts bicarbonate ion to CO2.

Baking Soda — Baking soda is pure bicarbonate of soda which is a salt composed of sodium ions and bicarbonate ions.

When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, carbonic acid forms, which has a very short lifetime — typically around 30 picoseconds — before dissociating into protons and bicarbonate ions.

Crocodiles use a waste product of metabolism — the bicarbonate ions formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water — as the trigger for haemoglobin to unload the oxygen it carries.

They looked for those that were triggered to release oxygen by bicarbonate ions, and found that human haemoglobin behaved like its counterpart in crocodiles if it contained a particular sequence of just 12 amino acids from the crocodile's haemoglobin.

As CO2 reacts with seawater, it generates dramatic changes in carbonate chemistry, including decreases in pH and carbonate ions and an increase in bicarbonate ions.

And then that reaction where the kidneys buffer bicarbonate ions also produces salts, which are then excreted by the kidneys, and during the excretion of those salts, the kidney makes new bicarbonate ions that replace what was used up in the buffering of the acid, and that just produces this ongoing sustainable cycle that's not adverse for bone health in any way.

And there's a whole sustainable process there, where when protein is digested, acids are buffered by these bicarbonate ions that are made by the kidneys, and that reaction produces carbon dioxide, which is an acid, and the carbon dioxide is exhaled by the lungs, which is, by the way, the biggest source of acid elimination in the body by far, that exhalation of carbon dioxide, and it happens very quickly.

The acidity of the partially digested food (called chyme) entering the small intestine signals the intestine to secrete bicarbonate ions, which neutralize the acid, creating an alkaline environment in the small intestine.

One has to wonder, though, why all the calcium ions and bicarbonate ions don't form calcium carbonate and precipitate out.

In the absence of that ion supply, abiotic CO2 uptake in the ocean as a function of CO2 in air is at least somewhat limited by ions already present; acification can (over time) dissolve carbonate minerals that supply cations and carbonate ions, buffering pH and reacting with CO2 to form bicarbonate ions; new cations from chemical weathering have to be supplied to actually remove C from the oceans while keeping pH from dropping and without releasing as much CO2 from bicarbonate ions).

When CaCO2 reacts with dissolved CO2, it yields two bicarbonate ions.

According to Wikipedia they explain the RE by saying: «If CO2 in the atmosphere is increased by one part per million, the CO2 in the ocean is increased by only a tenth of a part per million, because of the way that the carbon dioxide in the water is partitioned between carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions and free CO2.

All calcifiers use the more abundant bicarbonate ions and bicarbonate ions will be plentiful even if pH unrealistically fell to 6.0

But bicarbonate ions can not be directly used in photosynthesis.

To overcome the limiting supply of CO2, organisms like coral concentrate bicarbonate ions in compartments into which they pump H + ions and lower the pH. As seen in Figure 2, at pH 5 or lower, 90 % of the DIC converts to CO2.

Although in some species photosynthesis and calcification compete for bicarbonate ions, photosynthesis generally benefits calcification by providing energy, and by raising external pH, which lowers the cost of pumping internal H + ions to the surrounding waters.

Conversely when pH falls (Lower pH means higher H + concentrations), the excess H + ions recombine with and are sequestered by any existing carbonate and bicarbonate ions to counteract the falling pH.

However bicarbonate ions can not simply diffuse into a cell or pass through internal membranes.

Instead, as with photosynthesis, calcifiers actively uptake the more abundant bicarbonate ions and concentrate them in compartments.

Carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid, which then dissociates to form bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions (H +), so that increasing concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere have been decreasing the pH (acidifying) of the surface ocean (NRC, 2010c).

The rapid uptake of heat energy and CO2 by the ocean results in a series of concomitant changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, including reductions in pH and carbonate saturation state, as well as increases in dissolved CO2 and bicarbonate ions [3]: a phenomenon defined as ocean acidification.

The majority of marine algae have carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) that facilitate the active influx of CO2 and / or bicarbonate ions -LRB--RRB- and elevate C concentrations at the site of C fixation (i.e. Rubisco), with few algae being CO2 - only users [22,23].

This is a normal process, and over millions of years the oceans have remained slightly alkaline, as more acidic surface water mixes with deeper water, and carbonic acid is converted to bicarbonate ions.

Not exact matches

As the pH of the solution rose, the bicarbonate became a simple carbonate; the higher the CO2 pressure, the greater the increase of ions in the solution.

Carbonic acid dissociated to form hydrogen ions, which found their way into the structures of weathering minerals, and bicarbonate, which was carried down rivers and streams to be deposited as limestone and other minerals in ocean sediments.

Upon dissolution in seawater, CO2 maintains an acid / base equilibrium with bicarbonate and carbonate ions that depends on the acid - titrating capacity of seawater (i.e., alkalinity).

When hydrogen ions are released in seawater, they combine with carbonate ions to form bicarbonate.

Considering Potassium Bicarbonate is metabolically similar to Potassium Gluconate, ie: Potassium Gluconate provides Potassium Ions (K + electrolytes) and the Gluconate metabolises in the liver to create Bicarbonates (HCO3 − electrolytes), therefore we have now changed the type of Potassium booster in PrimalKind Version 1.2 to Potassium Bicarbonate.

Perhaps you are confusing sodium bicarbonate with milk of magnesia (Mg (OH) 2), which does contain OH - ions.

This reaction happens when the (OH --RRB- ions of the baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and the hydrogen (H +) ions within the hydrochloric (stomach) acid (HCL).

Baking soda contains sodium bicarbonate which has hydroxide (OH --RRB- ions that reduce acidity.

All animals rely on their kidneys to excrete those excess hydrogen ions and to create bicarbonate to keep their body's acid: base in balance (their pH) within tight limits.

According to this gentleman, carbonic acid would weather the rocks, and carbon bicarbonate and assorted ions (Ca2 + among them) would wash to the sea.

All of the CO2 - derived chemical species in the water together, i.e. carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, bicarbonate and carbonate ions, are referred to as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC).

The reason for this is that bicarbonate and carbonate ions have been perpetually discharged into the sea over aeons.

This dissociates to form bicarbonate (HCO3) and carbonate (CO3) ions.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) acts as a weak acid when added to seawater leading to the release of hydrogen ions (H +) and bicarbonate (HCO3 --RRB- ions.

In one example, formation of dissolved carbon dioxide (e.g., HCO3 −) in an aqueous growth medium including carbonate ions can occur via the reaction of carbonate ions with water to yield bicarbonate and the reaction of carbon dioxide with hydroxide to yield bicarbonate, as shown below:

At any rate, when «normal» rain containing natural carbonic acid falls upon silicon - containing sedimentary rocks formed over eons from the shells of tiny marine creatures — radiolarians, diatoms and some sponges — this «siliceous» rock combines with the carbonic acid to form ions of bicarbonate.

Somewhat more difficult: free CO2 is in chemical equilibrium with bicarbonates and carbonates, thus more CO2 gives more of the other and at the same time more hydrogen ions (that is acidity, or in this case less alkalinity).

With a higher internal pH, bicarbonate sheds an H + and converts into carbonate ions and when concentrated in the presence of concentrated Ca + +, calcium carbonate minerals readily form.

Likewise when ocean concentrations of H + ions increase, they more readily bond to the bicarbonate and carbonate ions to minimize the drop in pH and form more CO2, which can be quickly utilized during photosynthesis.

In the form of carbonic acid, water's 2 H + ions can more easily detach to form bicarbonate and carbonate ions when pH rises.

However below pH 7.0, nearly all carbonate ions (CO3 - 2) will be converted to bicarbonate (HCO3 --RRB-, so that carbonate ions no longer serve as buffering agents.