Sentences with phrase «bitter receptors»

This could be explained by their perception of bitter, which differs from that of other mammals due to variations in their repertoire of bitter receptors.

He found more than 30 that code for bitter receptors but only a single receptor devoted to sweet.

In the study, the researchers first examined DNA from domestic cats and identified 12 different genes for cat bitter receptors.

Prior studies by Hayes» laboratory group and others have repeatedly associated bitter receptor gene variants with alcohol intake, a relationship that was presumably mediated via perceptual differences and thus differential liking.

Glucose sets off bitter receptors in roach taste buds, causing roaches to avoid foods that bring on this taste - bud reaction.

The Monell scientists next evaluated whether these genes encode functional bitter receptors.

The tests showed the unexpected electrophysiological reactions that glucose stimulates both sugar and bitter receptor neurons, confirming behavioral tests that showed roaches quickly fleeing from glucose when presented with it.

«Variation in bitter receptor mRNA expression affects taste perception.»

«In this case, the mutation resulted in the gain of a new function — triggering bitter receptors when glucose is introduced.

According to Dr. Passler, bitter herbs and foods improve health in three main ways: «They activate bitter receptors on the tongue, which in turn activates cells in your stomach to normalize acid production for better digestion.

For example, recent Monell - related findings show that bitter receptors also are involved in protecting us against internal toxins, including bacteria related to respiratory diseases,» said study author Gary Beauchamp, PhD, a behavioral biologist at Monell.

Presumably there are many bitter receptors because there are so many structurally different compounds that are potentially harmful if consumed by an animal.

Blends of non-caloric sweeteners saccharin and cyclamate show reduced off - taste due to TAS2R bitter receptor inhibition.

Their structures tickle bitter receptors, too.

Thus, unlike sweet receptors, which seem to be non-functional in many exclusively meat - eating Carnivora species, there does not appear to be a strong relationship between the number of bitter receptors and the extent to which a Carnivora species consumed plants in its diet.

Using this method, the researchers confirmed that at least seven of the 12 identified cat bitter receptor genes are functional, meaning that they have the ability to detect at least one bitter chemical.

Lipchock SV, Spielman AI, Mennella JA, Mansfield CJ, Hwang LD, Douglas JE, Reed DR. Caffeine Bitterness is Related to Daily Caffeine Intake and Bitter Receptor mRNA Abundance in Human Taste Tissue.

Salt has not yielded so easily to the techniques that found the sweet, umami, and bitter receptors.

«They probably started to lose their bitter receptors, but it looks like when their diet shifted, that put the brakes on,» he says.

Conversely, the panda genomes not only largely preserved the codes of their bitter receptors, but even developed some seemingly useful mutations.

Their meat - loving contemporaries continued to lose their bitter receptors, but pandas began retaining theirs.

What's more, the action of the bitter receptors is blocked when sweet taste receptors are stimulated by sugars such as glucose.

So it's probably the actions of cyclamate at saccharin's bitter receptors that help block the bitterness, Behrens and his colleagues report September 14 in Cell Chemical Biology.

The reverse was true, too: Saccharin blocked TAS2R1 — one of the bitter receptors that cyclamate activates.

But cyclamate doesn't just activate the two bitter receptors, Behrens and his colleagues showed.

«In our research, we show that when people taste alcohol in the laboratory, the amount of bitterness they experience differs, and these differences are related to which version of a bitter receptor gene the individual has.»

If bitter detection evolved to detect plant toxins, the scientists expected to find fewer functional bitter receptors in strictly carnivorous animals like cats and more functional bitter receptors in related species that eat more plants.

To provide a comparative perspective on the relationship between diet and bitter receptor function, the researchers used previously published data to compare the number of bitter receptor types in cats to that of related species.

Relative to the 12 receptors identified in cat, dog (15 receptors), ferret (14), giant panda (16), and polar bear (13) all had a similar number of bitter receptors.

«Alternate physiological roles for bitter receptors may be an important driving force molding bitter receptor number and function.

The remaining five bitter receptors may respond to bitter compounds not tested, so it is not possible to determine their functional status without additional studies.

Further, a comparison of cat to related species with differing dietary habits reveals that there does not appear to be a strong relationship between the number of bitter receptors and the extent to which a species consumed plants in its diet.

«We don't know if glucose actually tastes bitter to glucose - averse roaches, but we do know that glucose triggers the bitter receptor neurons that would be triggered by caffeine or other bitter compounds,» says Dr. Coby Schal, the Blanton J. Whitmire Distinguished Professor of Entomology at NC State and the corresponding author of the paper.

«In our research, we show that when people taste alcohol in the laboratory, the amount of bitterness they experience differs, and these differences are related to which variant of a bitter receptor gene the individual has.»

A substantially larger family of GPCRs, the T2R receptors (n ∼ 26), constitutes the bitter receptors.

So it's probably cyclamate blocking saccharin's bitter receptors that makes the duo a sweet combination.

Cyclamate slips into the space inside those bitter receptors and clogs it up.

That's one of the bitter receptors that cyclamate turns on.

It also blocks the bitter receptors that saccharin stimulates.

To do that, the researchers examined the genes — or instructions for making molecules — for the 25 known subtypes of bitter receptors.

Previous studies of the two sweeteners had shown that saccharin activates the bitter receptor subtypes 31 and 43.

Nose breathing T2R38 gene that stimulates the nose's bitter receptors that react to chemicals that bacteria use to communicate.