Sentences with phrase «body signals the cells»

When the breast is emptied, the body signals the cells that make milk to begin making more.

Not exact matches

Immunotherapy differs from more traditional cancer treatments, such as surgery (cutting malignant cells out of the body), chemotherapy and radiation (poisoning the deadly mutants), and even the newer, more precise molecular drugs that attempt to jam the protein signals that tell tumor cells to keep dividing and conquering.

With virtual anatomy, there's nothing in the body we can't see: a heart beating, nerves signaling in the brain, a cell dividing, an infection raging.

The human body has about 1,000 kinds of such receptors, structures on the surface of cells, which let the body respond to a wide variety of chemical signals, like adrenaline.

Protein is hugely important for our body - it aids in muscle repair, speeds up chemical reactions and plays a role in cell signalling.

Improved understanding of the biology of cancer cells has led to the development of biological agents that mimic some of the natural signals that the body uses to regulate growth.

Mitochondria, specialized organelles found in nearly every cell of the body, use cellular respiration to generate one of the most important sources of chemical energy — adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a versatile nucleotide that powers everything from cell division to cell signaling to transportation of large molecules across the cell membrane.

When tumor cells are present in an environment that lacks oxygen and nutrients, they receive a signal that it is time for the cells to move to a different part of the body.

A signal from the virus tells the liver cells to manufacture the growth promoter, which is then secreted back into the bloodstream and ferried off to muscles throughout the body.

Further study revealed that these so - called immune proteins are actually present on the surface of certain nerve cells, but that they functioned differently in the brain than they did in the rest of the body; rather than scouting for germs, they influenced signals sent between neurons.

In another neuron called a chandelier cell (above), vertical branches of its signal - sending axon, which serves to quiet other cells, dangle around the cell body.

Signals from the dendritic cells prime them to trigger immune reactions in other parts of the body.

Was there a chemical or genetic signal that induced stem cells to create the complex structures of the body and brain?

The human body is a complex electrical network: Nerve cells shuttle signals from the brain, and pulses in the heart cause its muscle cells to expand and contract.

It was already known that cold temperatures stimulate brown fat, but was unclear how the body signals that message to its cells.

Inside your cells, proteins allow your body to break down food to power your muscles, send signals through your brain that control the body, and transport nutrients through your blood.

Osteocalcin also signals fat cells to release a hormone that increases the body's sensitivity to insulin, the body's blood sugar moderator, Karsenty and colleagues reported in Cell in 2007.

«Something similar occurs in our bodies when we're infected with these viruses; there are signals our cells detect that let our immune system know all is not well,» he said.

About ten years ago, research results showed that things are not quite as simple as that: «Under most conditions, H2O2 is not an undesired side product but rather an essential chemical messenger that plays an important role in regulating the way in which body cells respond to signals from outside such as hormones and growth factors,» says Dr. Tobias Dick of the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ).

Special heart cells create electrical signals that cause the heart's upper and lower chambers to beat in the proper sequence to pump blood through the body.

To unravel the complex journey of the body's GPCRs, scientists used biophysical tools, including fluorescent biosensors; biochemical tools, such as cell signaling in neuronal cultures; as well as computational models.

All volunteers experienced similar flu - like symptoms, increased body temperature and white blood cell count, and higher concentrations of inflammatory and signaling proteins, demonstrating to investigators that lexaptepid did not interfere with the immune response process.

It is comprised of lipid signaling molecules called endocannabinoids — which can be thought of as the body's own «natural cannabis» — that bind to cannabinoid receptors located on cells throughout the body.

Once engineered cells are engrafted into laboratory mice, their GRN becomes even closer to that of the true target tissue, indicating that the body's own tissues contribute signals to enhance the performance of transplanted cells.

Leptin, which is made by fat cells, is thought to signal the body that it has enough energy in reserve to launch into the growth spurt and other changes of puberty.

We would know the basic structure of every last one of its proteins: every enzyme in its metabolism, every signal - bearing hormone coursing through its body, every receptor poised to receive those signals on the surface of its cells.

When the body encounters an infection, a molecular signaling system ramps up the body's infection - fighting system to produce more white blood cells to attack invading bacteria.

In addition to suppressing the mature blood cells battling against the infection, malfunctioning of this signaling system results in permanent damage to the body's blood producing cells — called hematopoietic stem cells — that are located in the bone marrow.

In another test, the researchers looked to see if chemical signals released from the endothelial cells would cause the media layer to relax and constrict, as they do in the human body.

The normal function of RIPK2 is to send warning signals to cells that bacterial infection has occurred, which in turn spurs the body to mobilize white blood cells.

One theory is the DHA helps cells send an anti-inflammatory signal to the body so it doesn't overcompensate and trigger an autoimmune response.

When a virus invades a cell, one of the body's first signals that it's under attack comes from type I interferon proteins, which then rev up the production of hundreds of proteins that fight the virus.

Previous research conducted by Dr. Badylak's team suggested that ECM also could be used to regenerate lost muscle by placing the material in the injury site where it signals the body to recruit stem and other progenitor cells to rebuild healthy tissue.

Jagged1 plays a key role in a cell signaling pathway involved in many body systems, but it was not previously known to affect Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Mammals are known to fend off viruses with a system based on interferons, signaling proteins made by immune cells that amplify the body's attack on invaders.

Overriding the body's defenses by suppressing the signaling between key immune cells, plague races through the lymphatic system, invading organs such as the spleen, the lungs, and especially the liver.

Pain Amplifier A pain signal is just your body's way of alerting you to damage in your cells.

Axons, the long projections of neural cells which form the nerves of our peripheral nervous system, are like electrical cables: they have thick electrical insulation so that they can quickly relay stimuli from the body and signals from the brain to a toe, for example.

For example, the body's cells can recognize «signaling imbalances» in their own internal circuitry that might cause them to proliferate wildly, causing cancer.

Normally, when the body detects an outside invader such as a virus, a signalling system known as the PKA pathway responds by turning on 99 genes that then activate T - cells to destroy the invader.

Studies in animals suggest that mesenchymal stem cells play important roles in the body's ability to heal after an injury, although researchers are still working out the signals and steps required to steer their differentiation into one type of tissue or another.

Infected cells in a body send out a signal that attracts immune cells.

«This debris left by dead cells can mistakenly signal to the body that there is an infection that warrants immune action, triggering the innate immune system,» said Bruce A. Sullenger, Ph.D., director of the Duke Translational Research Institute.

The team at Barts Cancer Institute, part of Queen Mary University of London, have found that a molecule, called focal adhesion kinase (FAK), signals the body to repair itself after chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which kill cancer cells by damaging DNA.

These cells are on high alert for pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and even tumor cells, signaling the body's T - cell immune fighters into action when sensing harmful invaders.

They then added signalling molecules to make the stem cells develop into motor neurons, the cells that carry signals to and from the spinal cord to the rest of the body.

The federally funded study, published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology, showed how a stress receptor, known as corticotropin - releasing factor, or CRF1, can send signals to certain immune cells, called mast cells, and control how they defend the body.

They cultivated human muscle cells and artificially synchronised them in the absence of a master clock, using a signal molecule normally secreted in the body.

«It's likely that these microbial signals reach other cells throughout the body, which in turn mount their own specific responses,» Rawls said.

Moreover, these stem cell - derived cells released different amounts of hormone in response to known feedback signals generated by other organs in the body.