Sentences with phrase «bottom of atmosphere»

If we were to add H2O molecules to the equation, unlike CO2 which is evenly distributed throughout the atmosphere, the H2O molecules would be clustered at the bottom of the atmosphere near earth surface.

«The ~ 7µ and ~ 15µ generated by the heating of the air also emerge from the top or bottom of the Atmosphere, but there are fewer of them because they keep getting absorbed and re-emitted, each time with some transferred to the central ~ 10µ portion of the longwave band.»

As I read that paper, albedo is held at a fix value for a given latitude, not including ice surfaces and that ground temperature is set to track bottom of the atmosphere temperature with a lag of 10 minutes.

Thinking about the myth that the CO2 should sink to bottom of the atmosphere, I did a quick calculation.

So the mean input to the bottom of the Atmosphere (BOA) is a more or less smooth, black - body - like curve at some temperature, probably around 270 K, more or less, since this is the Arctic.

So the temperature at the bottom of the atmosphere is indeed much colder than at the top.

Also, although light can make it down to large depths, I don't think the heating is as concentrated at the bottom of the ocean as it is at the bottom of the atmosphere (although this may depend on the ocean depth... e.g., how much light gets all the way down to the ocean floor).

Since the bottom of the atmosphere (the troposphere) is heated strongly from below, it turns out that the actual lapse rate in this part of the atmosphere is usually close to the (appropriate dry or moist) adiabatic lapse rate.

The ~ 33K increase in temps that we enjoy is available only because we live at the bottom of the atmosphere.

On the other hand, there are only two exits from the Atmosphere for radiative energy, 1) out the Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) to Space and 2) out the Bottom of the Atmosphere (BOA) to the Surface.

Please have a close look at the Perry curve of radiation measured at the Bottom of the Atmosphere looking up (the lower panel of my third illustration in this posting) and explain what it is telling us in terms of your interpretation.

Evidence: Well, from the Bottom of the Atmosphere (BOA) I can personally see the «visual» part.

The AVE increases the efficiency of a thermal power plant by reducing the temperature of the heat sink from +30 C at the bottom of the atmosphere to — 70C at the tropopause, which is the atmospheric boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

It looks like you are ignorant of the extreme difficulty of measuring the bottom of the atmosphere from a position outside the top of it, compared with the ease of measuring the bottom of the atmosphere from within it.

So instead of average molecule going bottom of atmosphere up to top in a minute, it's staying basically in same location for hours or indefinitely.

(as would be the kinetic energy at the bottom of the atmosphere), right seb!

We speculated that, due to the gas laws, there should also be a natural temperature profile between the bottom of the atmosphere and the top — merely due to the presence of the bulk gases (nitrogen & oxygen).

We hqppen to have such a star that delivers EM energy to the bottom of the transparent atmosphere, and that energy warms the bottom of the atmosphere by all the well known thermal processes, until the energy loss rate, eventually limited by radiation, matches the supply rate from the star.

They even measure the difference between top of atmosphere and bottom of atmosphere, directly proving that yes, the atmosphere absorbs energy from bands all over the spectrum.

That the bottom of the atmosphere is necessarily its warmest part does not mean that the planet is hotter.

The bottom of the atmosphere is warmer than the average of the atmosphere for reasons which are not due to a «radiative greenhouse effect», not the least of which reason that that greenhouse effect doesn't exist and violates the laws of thermodynamics.

Where Absorption and Re-radiation matters is at the top and bottom of the atmosphere.

On average, the energy «budget» is balanced both at the top and at the bottom of the atmosphere.

Temperature sensitivity at the bottom of the atmosphere is also not the same as gray body or TOA sensitivity.

If in exceeds out and the diffential MUST exist from top to bottom of the atmosphere, then before the hotter air can migrate to the deep ocean, the daily temerature cycling will force the hotter air at the bottom into an overall equlibrium ie hotter air will rise — or more correctly since GHGs have heated the air up more at the bottom, then the sun induced daily warming will add more heat to the top, & less at the bottom to force the equilibrium — ie effectively hot air rising even if not in actuality.

In equilibrium, both the top of atmosphere and bottom of atmosphere energy budget must be satisfied of course, but there's no non-radiative heat flux to space.

The bone - crushing pressures and eyebrow - singing temperatures maintain this water in a plasma state, creating a dense, deadly ocean at the bottom of its atmosphere.

«When something wiggles at the bottom of the atmosphere, how does that make other things, different things, wiggle at the top of the atmosphere?

Namely these factors are CAPE, which is Convective Available Potential Energy, which is the maximum amount of energy that a rising parcel (which [is] an arbitrary amount of mass) can have as it's rising through the atmosphere; wind shear, which is the difference in wind [vectors] at the top and bottom of the atmosphere; and specific humidity, which is the ratio of water to the total mass of a moist system.

Not exact matches

For much of the history of space exploration on Earth, the powerful rockets used to propel people and cargo to orbit or beyond typically end up in a watery grave at the bottom of the ocean or eventually burning up in the atmosphere.

By making exceptional quality the bottom line instead of the almighty dollar these two entrepreneurs created one of the most exciting atmospheres of learning and networking for their attendees.

Decorated from top to bottom with movie props and turn of the century antiques, the décor and atmosphere is sure to...

but the atmosphere at emirates is sad like terrible u look at anfield and it hurts me because we're such poorly ran club from fans point view we're are diehards all splits all over stadium joke we need leaders at arsenal top too bottom but this arsenal is not arsenal of old were is our Tony Adams ray palour, we're is our pride how dear man Utd get Sanchez like how dear even ask pride is word here folks we have none as in overheads us fans are joke like boycott next game stay away or go and stand outside stadium for full match stand together stand tall we will be heard we are arsenal we are there customers we are Gona make change but by money cause that's wat this club is money and Sanchez Utd proves it

Start by assuming that this person is someone who really does care about the kids and what they eat, who really does want to feed children in an atmosphere of nurturing and respect, but who has probably been beaten down by so many years of having to focus on the bottom line, and of hearing the criticisms of school food, that she may have almost lost the will to live, let alone to fix school food.

But an underlying cause may be the nature of the Republican Party and its traditional discipline — the antithesis of the often chaotic, bottom - up, user - generated atmosphere of the Internet.

Two recent models for the formation of the Moon, one that allows exchange through a silicate atmosphere (top), and another that creates a more thoroughly mixed sphere of a supercritical fluid (bottom), lead to different predictions for potassium isotope ratios in lunar and terrestrial rocks (right).

Earth's stratosphere is a cold, dry place, above the troposphere — the bottom layer of the atmosphere we breathe on a daily basis.

The water budget of the troposphere, the bottom layer of Earth's atmosphere, determines the weather and plays a central role in climate change.

Without the ozone layer, ultraviolet rays from the sun would reach the surface at nearly full force, causing skin cancer and, more seriously, killing off the tiny photosynthetic plankton in the ocean that provide oxygen to the atmosphere and bolster the bottom of the food chain.

Beyond the reach of Earth's atmosphere, the laser continues to point at the craft's underside, heating a propellant material (such as plastic - based Delrin) that lines its bottom.

That would translate to steadily rising temperatures as carbon pollution continues to accumulate in the atmosphere (see red curve below), and fail to reach the goal of holding warming to 2 °C (blue curve at bottom).

«You have three superimposed trapping mechanisms to keep your CO2 below the sea bottom and out of the atmosphere,» Goldberg says.

In July 2020, the oil - rich nation aims to launch a spacecraft called Hope that will orbit the Red Planet and probe its atmosphere from top to bottom, beaming back «the first holistic view of the entire dynamics of the lower atmosphere of Mars,» says Sarah Amiri, Hope's science lead.

The warm Atlantic water was saltier, and therefore heavier and subducted at depth and reached to the bottom, actually heating up beneath a lid of ice and melt water, that prevented the release of heat to the atmosphere.

As with plants, some carbon is released back into the atmosphere, but some eventually accumulates at the bottom of the ocean.

The wispy atmosphere of the Sun heats from the bottom up, a team of astrophysicists reports.

«The process basically takes some CO2 from the atmosphere and puts it in the bottom of the ocean.»

She found that in anoxic conditions, when there is no oxygen in the bottom layers of the Chesapeake Bay's waters, dissolved methane built up, probably coming from the mud, and when storms mixed up the invisible layers of the Bay's waters, the methane made it to the surface and into the atmosphere.

The Earth's hum comes from the bottom of the sea and not from turbulence in the atmosphere, says a US researcher, backing a novel theory put forward in 2004.

Scientists believe Saturn's atmosphere is a layered sandwich of sorts, with a deck of water clouds at the bottom, ammonia hydrosulfide clouds in the middle, and ammonia clouds near the top, just below an upper tropospheric haze of unknown composition that obscures almost everything.