Sentences with phrase «brain activation as»

The same is true for the modern functional neuroimaging (FNI) because it follows the same experimental logic, in which it regards the pattern of brain activation as the dependent variable and the experimental task as the independent variable.

Verbal working memory load affects regional brain activation as measured by PET.

Her Lab (Brain Development: Perception to Action) uses a combination of behavioural and brain imaging tools (i.e. DTI and EEG) to probe the brain and investigate the patterns of brain activation as they relate to perceptual - motor and social - emotional development in children and youth.

«Now, we can quantify changes in brain activation as trainees master surgical tasks on a simulator and transfer to more clinically relevant environments,» Mr. Nemani said.

Not exact matches

And studies measuring cerebral blood flow discovered introvert brain activation is greater in the frontal cortex, where things that necessitate focus and attention happen, such as remembering, planning, decision making, and problem solving.

These babies» brains showed more activation when they heard emotionally neutral human sounds, such as coughing, sneezing, or yawning, than when they heard familiar non-human sounds like their toys or running water.

In addition, because it tests for verbal memory, the SAC can not identify athletes who may suffer measurable impairment of neurocognitive function (primarily visual working memory) on neurocognitive tests, as well as altered activation in neurophysiologic function on sophisticated brain imaging tests (fMRI), resulting from repeated sub-concussive blows to the head.

Although scientists have long suspected that RHI caused brain damage, especially in boxers, a 2010 study of high school football players by researchers at Purdue University [1,13] was the first to identify a completely unexpected and previously unknown category of players who, though they displayed no clinically - observable signs of concussion, were found to have measurable impairment of neurocognitive function (primarily visual working memory) on computerized neurocognitive tests, as well as altered activation in neurophysiologic function on sophisticated brain imaging tests (fMRI).

As expected, the mice had more microglia activation and other inflammation - causing immune cells in their brains.

Although brain - imaging studies of human participants watching funny cartoons or listening to jokes reveal the activation of evolutionarily ancient structures such as the amygdala and nucleus accumbens, more recently evolved, «higher - order» structures are also activated, including distributed regions of the frontal cortex.

«Those findings also suggest that FGF21 is regulated the same way in humans as in mice and that the process involves the expression and activation of certain proteins in the brain.»

The brains of the nondieters, he found, lit up just as one would expect, showing activations in areas associated with satiation and memory, as if saying, «Mmmm, that was good.»

«Activation of these cell receptors appear to prevent brain cells from cleaning out the trash — the toxic buildup of proteins, such as alpha - synuclein, tau and amyloid, common in neurodegenerative diseases,» says the study's senior author, neurologist Charbel Moussa, MBBS, PhD, director of Georgetown's Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, and scientific and clinical research director of the GUMC Translational Neurotherapeutics Program.

Meyer - Lindenberg tells ScienceNOW that the team does have unpublished data correlating activation of some brain regions with impulsivity, as revealed by personality tests that some of the subjects have taken.

The techniques, known as multivoxel pattern analysis and representational dissimilarity analysis, showed which songs Sting found similar to one another and which ones are dissimilar — based not on tests or questionnaires, but on activations of brain regions.

«A growing body of evidence suggests that immune system activation, such as that caused by bacterial and viral infections, can play important roles in many brain disorders,» explained William Carlezon, PhD, chief of the Division of Basic Neuroscience at McLean Hospital, and senior author of the paper.

Neuroscientists have known that stimuli — sensory experiences such as touch or sound, metabolic changes, injury and other environmental experiences — can trigger the activation of genetic programs within the brain.

NIRSIT allows the researchers to monitor the subject's brain activation changes and analyze the results in an intuitive way, using both the 3D brain mapping images as well as the oxy - deoxy graphs covering the prefrontal area of the brain.

As the study was conducted in a brain scanner at the LIFE&BRAIN Center in Bonn, researchers could also show that products labeled with this emblem led to increased activity in specific brain regions: For example, they observed increased activation in regions important for reward processing as well as frontal regions that process abstract product attributes (e.g. whether or not a product carries a Fair Trade logo, and the meaning of such a labelAs the study was conducted in a brain scanner at the LIFE&BRAIN Center in Bonn, researchers could also show that products labeled with this emblem led to increased activity in specific brain regions: For example, they observed increased activation in regions important for reward processing as well as frontal regions that process abstract product attributes (e.g. whether or not a product carries a Fair Trade logo, and the meaning of such a labelas well as frontal regions that process abstract product attributes (e.g. whether or not a product carries a Fair Trade logo, and the meaning of such a labelas frontal regions that process abstract product attributes (e.g. whether or not a product carries a Fair Trade logo, and the meaning of such a label).

These neurons, located in a region of the brain known as the medial prefrontal cortex (green, left image), become hyperactive in depressed mice (right panel is close - up of left, yellow indicates activation).

The researchers saw that among the PTSD group, who were all taking the drug paroxetine (sold as Paxil), the patients who showed the most improvement from the SSRI were those who showed the least activation, prior to treatment, of a brain area called the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, also known as the inferior frontal gyrus.

Patterns of brain activation during self - deprecation are fundamentally the same as those during self - deceptive pride, Keenan is finding.

However, in developing brain cells, the researchers found TLR3 activation also influences 41 genes that add up to a double whammy in this model — diminished stem cell differentiation into brain cells and increased cell suicide, a carefully controlled process known as apoptosis.

«We did not see any increased activation of the parts of the brain normally engaged during reasoning,» Westen is quoted as saying in an Emory University press release.

The analysis revealed that while performing working memory tasks, the young patients with concussion had initial activation that was greater than normal, known as hyperactivation, compared to young controls in the right precuneus and right inferior parietal gyrus of the brain, whereas the older patients had hypoactivation (less than normal) compared to older controls in the right precuneus and right inferior frontal gyrus.

Recent human studies have specifically found that a partner's presence can reduce pain, and supportive touching such as hugging is linked to activation of mu - opioid receptors in the brain.

The researchers scanned the entire brain and discovered that memories of alcohol consumption — often prompted by external stimuli — caused activation of this protein in specific regions of the frontal cortex, the area of the brain related to memory processing, as well as in the nucleus of the amygdala, which is responsible for emotional memories and involved in the emotional symptoms related to withdrawal.

The researchers measured NF - κB activation in mouse brains as they aged and noted that, while the protein was barely active in the hypothalamuses of young mice, it became increasingly active as the mice got older.

In a previous study, we used kakusei as a neural activation marker to identify the brain regions in the European honeybee that are active during foraging behavior [13], [14].

The theme of this year's meeting is «Expanding horizons in Neurosciences: New approaches to Brain Activation», which will provide an international platform for discussion and sharing of novel ideas for present and future expansions in various fields of neurology such as Neuroimmunology, Neurological disorders, Neuro Oncology, Neuroimaging, Cognitive neuroscience and expertise meeting.

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

From the descriptive view on the data it seems that compared to sham, verum acupuncture tended to be associated with more activation in the basal ganglia, brain stem, cerebellum, and insula and more deactivation was seen in the so - called «default mode network» and limbic brain areas, such as the amygdala and the hippocampus.

Furthermore, movement - independent ZENK expression in the forebrain of night - migratory birds performing magnetic orientation at night is confined to Cluster N [with the strongest activation in distinct subregions (the shell surrounding the DNH nucleus)-RSB-, as shown by the detailed quantification of ZENK expression within Cluster N performed in this study], and this expression massively decreased in corresponding brain areas of non-migratory songbirds and in all bird species during daytime [13].

Scientists are most fascinated by the older brain's activation of the hippocampus because this area is generally used for more complicated memory tasks such as learning lines from a Shakespeare play.

This group had increased activation in higher - order brain regions associated with attention control and enhanced cognitive control, he says, while exhibiting a deactivation of the thalamus — a structure that acts as the gatekeeper for pain to enter the brain, he explains.

Ori Hofmekler, who has extensively studied the benefits of coffee, explains that coffee triggers a mechanism in the brain that releases a growth factor known as brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which enhances the neuromotor activation in muscles, thereby preserving and rejuvenating muscle tissues.

Those temporary memories are forged at all, researchers have believed, thanks to a low level of electrical activation that keeps the particular pattern of brain cells linked for only as long as they have to be before they power down and the memory can be erased.

Cortical activation for individuals with migraine was specifically suppressed in visual area V2 of the brain's occipital cortex with the POTs, and this cortical activation suppression was extended to other visual areas as well.

It will also cause microglia activation (the brains immune system) as it cleans up neurons that died form over-stimulation.

Whereas dysfunction in a part of the brain called the insula is understood to be correlated with the kind of dissociation present in body image disorders, activation in the insula — as observed in the brains of active meditators — is thought to be positively correlated with body awareness.

The result of an imbalance in cortisol, otherwise termed Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) Axis dysregulation is weight gain, fatigue and brain fog, inflammation and immune system activation, digestive issues, restlessness, impaired sleep, decreased cognitive function, and mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression.

The ketogenic properties of coconut oil are also beneficial because ketones trigger the activation of proteins known as brain - derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs).

Inflammatory molecules stimulate microglia activation, which is commonly found in brains of those with psychiatric diseases, such as those of children with autism.

Higher plasma glucose levels correlated with greater brain activity in executive control centers in the ACC and ventromedial PFC, whereas higher levels of plasma cortisol, but not other hormones, were correlated with greater activation in reward regions, such as the insula and putamen (P < 0.01, corrected), in response to high - calorie food cues.

This reflects growing interest in the extent to which excessive activation of stress response systems can lead to disruptions in developing brain architecture that create barriers to learning, as well as impairments in other maturing organs and metabolic regulatory functions that lead to lifelong problems in health.

Those who saw themselves failing actually experienced activation in a region of the brain associated with the loss of motivation and did not train as hard.

For example, certain biological events during early development, such as excessive androgen production, exposure to synthetic androgens, thyroid dysfunction, Cushing's disease, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia, can combine with environmental influences to predispose women to antisocial behavior.69 Additionally, EEG research has uncovered asymmetries in the frontal activation of antisocial females» brains.70 Normative males and females tend to exhibit asymmetric frontal brain activation, with boys having greater right frontal activation and girls having greater left frontal activation.

Psychology of lullaby as regulating both mother and child's mental state through right brain activation.

Sexual frequency has also been associated with the activation of areas of the brain associated with hunger and cravings.4 Because you describe your past relationship as primarily sexual, this might further explain some of these withdrawal symptoms that you are experiencing.

When we are lucky enough to have secure attachment experiences in which we feel seen, safe, soothed, and secure — the «four S's of attachment» that serve as the foundation for a healthy mind — these relational experiences stimulate the neuronal activation and growth of the integrative fibers of the brain.