Not exact matches
Previous research by the Northwestern group provided tantalizing clues, showing that SuperAgers have distinctive
brain features: thicker cortexes, a resistance to age -
related atrophy and a larger left anterior cingulate (a part of the
brain important to attention and working memory).
Will those part of our
brain atrophy, shriveling to useless raisins and unable to do the work
related to memory capabilities we take for granted?
The observation in the placebo group that the rate of
atrophy was
related to the baseline concentration of tHcy is consistent with, and may explain, a number of cross-sectional studies reporting that regional
brain atrophy is
related to tHcy [17], [18], [19], [20], [21].
Scientists are discovering that age -
related changes in the
brain such as
atrophy, synapse loss and free radicals may contribute to AD, as does genetics.
Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy -
related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian
atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K -
related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras -
related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in
brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular
atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting
Numerous studies have suggested that a healthy lifestyle is
related to reduced
brain shrinkage and lower rates of
brain tissue
atrophy, he said.
In this episode Rhonda talks about how heat stress from using the sauna makes the body more resilient to the stresses of aging, possible reasons why one study associated sauna use with up to a 40 % lower all - cause mortality as well as a 50 % lower cardiovascular disease
related mortality, how it enhances athletic endurance, staves off muscle
atrophy, improves regrowth of muscle after disuse, and some of the profound effects on the
brain, including the growth of new
brain cells, improvement in focus, learning, and memory, and even potentially ameliorating depression and anxiety.
The age -
related decline in growth hormone and associated IGF - 1 has been linked to age -
related muscle
atrophy, increased adipose tissue, and neuronal dysfunction.2, 9 In fact, growth hormone replacement therapy in elderly men has been shown to increase lean body mass.9 Growth hormone therapy (1 mg / day — for 5 months) has also been used to improve cognitive function in healthy adults and adults with mild cognitive impairment.10 While only modest amounts of growth hormone cross the blood -
brain barrier, IGF - 1, which is actually responsible for the cognitive benefits, gets across just fine.
There is INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE [2,3,5] abut the effectiveness of creatine in the prevention or treatment of age
related muscle loss, bipolar disorder, breathing problems during sleeping (apnea) in infants, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), coronary artery disease, dehydration, depression, dermatomyositis, diabetes mellitus type 2, fibromyalgia, heart attack, hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, high cholesterol, HIV / AIDS -
related muscle wasting, Huntington's disease, McArdle disease, mitochondrial myopathies, multiple sclerosis, muscle cramps, orthostatic hypotension, osteoarthritis, Parkinson's disease [8], Rett syndrome, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, schizophrenia, skin aging, traumatic
brain injury or vision loss due to gyrate
atrophy of the retina or in improving bone density, memory or cognitive function.