The study authors applied different concentrations of oleocanthal over three days to mouse
brain cell cultures.
A human
brain cell culture grown in vitro has spontaneously transformed, as determined by morphology, growth characteristics, and karyotype analysis.
Not exact matches
A
cell in my
brain is different from a
cell not in my
brain but, say, in a
culture of
cells in a dish.
The study, «Polarity of varicosity initiation in central neuron mechanosensation,» which will be published June 12 in The Journal of
Cell Biology, observes the swelling process in live
cultured neurons and could lead to new ways of limiting the symptoms associated with concussive
brain injuries.
Researchers hope the organoids will be better than lab animals or
cells growing in
culture at revealing how the human
brain develops, both normally and when things go awry, and identify potential therapeutic or genome - editing targets.
The team tested whether overexpression of PGC1 - alpha could protect
cultures of rat
brain cells from the pesticide rotenone, which inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain in neuronal mitochondria and produces many symptoms similar to those of Parkinson's.
«The fact that a [
cell]
culture expresses most genes present in the
brain says nothing about its appropriateness as a disease model,» says Knoblich.
Up to now, only
cell cultures gave an indication of this astonishing ability of the
brain.
Using human fetal «mini-brains» grown in 3 - D
cultures, scientists determined that a specific protein produced by the Zika virus changes the properties of neural stem
cells in the developing
brain of an infected fetus, potentially causing microcephaly in newborns (Ki - Jun Yoon, abstract 103.06, see attached summary).
The students used a 3 - D printer to design a smaller and more cost - efficient bioreactor — a miniaturized
culture device where neural stems
cells are grown and eventually become small laboratory
brains for research.
The team used human embryonic stem
cells — which can transform into any
cell of the body — and
cultured them in a mixture of chemicals to grow human
brain cells.
So Harkany and his colleagues
cultured mouse embryonic
brain cells that expressed cannabinoid receptor proteins (CBRs) and exposed them to gradients of synthetic cannabinoids.
Zheng, together with Leah Boyer, then a researcher in Gage's lab and now director of Salk's Stem
Cell Core, generated diseased neurons by taking skin
cells from patients with Leigh syndrome, reprogramming them into stem
cells in
culture and then coaxing them to develop into
brain cells in a dish.
Working with researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and the University of California, San Francisco, Hynes and Rosenthal then tried adding different concentrations of Sonic hedgehog to
cultured brain cells.
The
cell cultures still did not prove whether optogenetics would apply to
brain cells inside living, freely moving mammals, however.
Dendritic
cells are too large to pass through the blood -
brain barrier, which is one reason they have to be
cultured with
brain tumor
cells outside the body, then injected back into the patient's skin as a vaccine.
2 - D
cell -
culture and mouse experiments also provided key evidence of the virus's modus operandi; although the rodent
brain doesn't harbor the full contingent of human neural stem
cells, it has blood vessels and immune - system components that organoids lack.
But the transition from
brain -
cell cultures to the
brains of intact animals does not seem to bode well for astronaut resilience.
An international team found that insulin blocks ADDLs from binding to
brain cells in
culture.
Prior research with
cultured tissue had shown that a mix of chemicals could change bone marrow stem
cells from mice to those resembling
brain cells, but when a team led by neurologist Lorraine Iacovitti of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia tried the same brew on human
cells, the number altered was modest.
Around the same time, Yoshiki Sasai of the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan,
cultured the first
brain organoids, starting not with adult stem
cells but with embryonic stem
cells.
To replicate these
cell culture results, Rani used human stem
cells to grow neurons into what is called a mini
brain.
They confirmed low levels of miR - 184 expression in human glioma tissue samples and
cultured cell lines as well as an increase in the expression of SND1 compared to normal
brain tissue.
A
brain - on - a-chip demands more than a series of electrodes in 2D, on which
brain cells can be
cultured.
He improved the technique by
culturing the stem
cells with astrocytes,
cells that guide the maturing neurons, that he had taken from the dopamine - producing region of the rat
brain.
When stem
cells from the old
brain are
cultured with signals of a young choroid plexus they can divide and form new neurons (red).
Grima also observed this same clumping of Huntingtin protein with RanGAP1 and nuclear pore proteins to the wrong place in the
cell in
brain tissue and
cultured brain cells derived from deceased patients with Huntington's disease.
Investigations into human
brain development using human
cells in the
culture dish have so far been very limited: the
cells in the dish grow flat, so they do not display any three - dimensional structure.
Scientists at the Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology at the University of Bonn applied a recent development in stem
cell research to tackle this limitation: they grew three - dimensional organoids in the
cell culture dish, the structure of which is incredibly similar to that of the human
brain.
Bassem Hassan (VIB / KU Leuven): «Since we show that APP and APPL show similar activities in
cultured cells, we suspect that APP in the human
brain functions in the same manner as APPL in the
brain of fruit flies.
Before toying with worms, the S.U.N.Y. Buffalo team tried out their technique on
cultures of human embryonic kidney
cells and neurons from a rat hippocampus, a part of the
brain integral to memory.
A new study shows coibamide A has potent anti-cancer activity in mice and
cell cultures that model
brain tumors and triple negative breast cancer, two of the most aggressive and difficult - to - treat types of cancer.
The team's experiments in
cell cultures, conducted with funding from an American
Brain Tumor Association Discovery Grant, showed that coibamide A cuts off the cancer
cells» ability to communicate with blood vessels and other
cells, eventually starving the
cell and triggering its death.
By adding a combination of four key factors, a skin
cell can be made into an iPSC, which can then be coaxed into forming liver, lung and
brain cells in a
culture dish.
«Our
cell cultures open new doors to
brain research,» says Prof. Dr. Jens Schwamborn, in whose LCSB research group Developmental & Cellular Biology the research work was done.
Scientists at the University of Luxembourg have succeeded in turning human stem
cells derived from skin samples into tiny, 3 - D,
brain - like
cultures that behave very similarly to
cells in the human midbrain.
The
cell cultures in the petri dishes are of human origin, and in some aspects resemble human
brains more than the
brains of lab animals such as rats or mice do.
Several tests in
cultured cells indicated that ganciclovir would cause the death of HSV - TK - expressing stem
cells, and testing in the mouse model confirmed that administration of the drug after successful treatment of
brain metastases successfully eliminated therapeutic stem
cells that also expressed HSV - TK.
In addition, the molecular beacons technique http://www.lependart.com could have broad applications across regenerative medicine, because it could be used with other types of
cells produced from stem
cell cultures, such as
brain cells or insulin - producing islet
cells.
Indeed, recent data demonstrate that when microglial
cells are removed from the
brain and
cultured in vitro, they rapidly transform into something else.
In addition to
cultured cells, Ts1 - coupled nanoparticles were tested on complex
brain tissue using thin slices of mouse hippocampus.
This work involves behavior, immunohistochemistry (of
brain tissue from mouse models of Alzheimer's),
cell culture, and in vitro biochemistry.
Gage's team used human pluripotent stem
cells to develop
brain organoids, which were grown in
culture for 40 to 50 days.
Liposome - siRNA - peptide complexes cross the blood -
brain barrier and significantly decrease PrPc on Neuronal
cells and PrPRES in infected
cell cultures.
To determine the causes of this depletion, the investigators treated neurons grown in
cell culture with amyloid - beta proteins, which accumulate in Alzheimer
brains.
The pharmacokinetic properties of J147 after a single dose of 20 mg / kg in mice show
brain levels of about 600 nM at 2 h, over 10-fold above its EC50 in some
cell culture neuroprotection assays [7], with a
brain to blood ratio of approximately 0.5.
Nakabayashi, Monk, and collaborators studied methylation patterns in adult and umbilical blood and placenta
cells from healthy volunteers;
brain tissue from a
brain bank; and a
cultured liver
cell line.
However, that isn't how Prothena scientists think PRX002 works: they believe, based on
cell culture and in vivo studies, that PRX002 captures aggregated AS directly in the
brain, preventing the uptake by neurons.
Consistent with their previous studies in
cell culture, mice exposed to paraquat under realistic conditions developed an increased burden of senescent
cells in their
brains (Figure 1, (a-c)-RRB--- and this plague was almost entirely restricted to astrocytes (Figure 1 (d)-RRB-.
Positive data for blood
brain barrier (BBB) penetration (High) were also obtained for J147 using the MDCK - MDRI
cell culture model for assaying the BBB penetration potential of drugs.