Sentences with phrase «brain evolution as»

More recently, his lab started studying the genetic basis of human brain evolution as well as the signaling pathways underlying synaptic loss during early stages of Alzheimer's Disease progression.

Not exact matches

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And because the underlying commitment is philosophical, the flimsiest facts are counted as evidence - as when the president of the National Academy of Sciences recently published an article arguing that evolution is confirmed by differences in the size of finch beaks, as though the sprawling evolutionary drama from biochemicals to the human brain could rest on instances of trivial, limited variation.

While it is evident to science that there is a functional «teleonomy» or machine - like purposiveness in individual organisms (for example, the fish's eye is constructed so as to enable it to see under water, the heart toward pumping blood, the human brain toward problem - solving, etc.), still there is no hard evidence that life itself, terrestrial evolution or the universe as a whole has any overarching meaning.

For this reason I have realized this: a chimpanzee does not understand math (regardless of how many hours I spent trying to teach them this) because of it's anatomy, yet I do understand math because of my anatomy (and education of course), I as a mere mortal (unlike yourself) know that my faculties must be somehow limited and that there are concepts that no matter how much I try to use my retarded brain I will never understand them because I don't have the god lobe in the ole brain like you do, none the less I keep on thinkin» in a finite fashion hoping that my future children might have a little more range than I since they too will be a «tarded snapshot in a timeline of cognitive evolution.

Along with dualistic mythology several developments in scientific thought since the seventeenth century have contributed to the exorcism of mind from nature: first, there is the cosmography of classical (Newtonian) physics picturing our world as composed of inanimate, unconscious bits of «matter» needing only the brute laws of inertia to explain their action; second, the Darwinian theory of evolution with its emphasis on chance, waste and the apparent «impersonality» of natural selection; third, the laws of thermodynamics (and particularly the second law) with the allied cosmological interpretation that our universe is running out of energy available to sustain life, evolution and human consciousness; fourth, the geological and astronomical disclosure of enormous tracts of apparently lifeless space and matter in the universe; fifth, the recent suggestions that life may be reducible to an inanimate chemical basis; and, finally, perhaps most shocking of all, the suspicion that mind may be explained exhaustively in terms of mindless brain chemistry.

Yet human infants also display what are known as «secondarily altricial» characteristics — primarily lack of neuromuscular control — a consequence of the limits imposed on gestational brain development by the evolution of the human pelvis.

BRAINY CHIMPS Some modern chimps have brain surface features that were thought to have signaled humanlike brain evolution in hominids from as early as 3 million years ago, scans suggest.

Describing himself as a «neuro - ethologist,» Brockmann hopes that the comparative studies on three species native to India — A. cerana, A. dorsata, and A. florea — will help him understand the evolution of dance communication and identify the changes in the brain that accompanied the changes in behavior.

«This is a helpful first step that builds off of other important previous work and is a natural step in the evolution of our understanding of fibromyalgia as a brain disorder» said López - Solà.

«Octopus skin doesn't sense light in the same amount of detail as the animal does when it uses its eyes and brain,» said lead author Desmond Ramirez, a doctoral student in the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology (EEMB).

The fossil record shows that bipedalism is very ancient, predating tool - making and the evolution of large brains that were once seen as the most fundamental biological adaptations of humankind.

But this should not deter you, for there are plenty more accessible contributions such as those by Coppens («Brain, locomotion, diet, and culture: how a primate, by chance, became a man»), Phillip Tobias on «The brain of the first hominid» and Rebecca Cann's chapter «Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution», which as a relative novice, I found very helBrain, locomotion, diet, and culture: how a primate, by chance, became a man»), Phillip Tobias on «The brain of the first hominid» and Rebecca Cann's chapter «Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution», which as a relative novice, I found very helbrain of the first hominid» and Rebecca Cann's chapter «Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution», which as a relative novice, I found very helpful.

It is a known phenomenon and one of many that we do not yet fully understand but which may be telling us as much about learning and evolution of the brain as about how we forget.

Was it a rational decision learned in childhood, or was it — as Harvard evolutionary biologist and cognitive neuroscientist Marc Hauser claims — based on instincts encoded in our brains by evolution?

«The evolution in songbirds of an identifiable circuit for a single complex behavior gives us a tremendous advantage as we try to parse out exactly what these parts of the brain do and how they do it,» says Woolley.

This technological breakthrough has long been seen as evidence for the evolution of the sort of brain that is capable of planning and abstract thought.

«Considered in total, this study provides important early archaeological evidence for meat eating, hunting and scavenging behaviors - cornerstone adaptations that likely facilitated brain expansion in human evolution, movement of hominins out of Africa and into Eurasia, as well as important shifts in our social behavior, anatomy and physiology,» Ferraro said.

She hopes to pinpoint which genes are expressed in each cell type when brain cells make long distance connections, and to make similar maps in other primates to chart what changed as brains rewired over the course of evolution.

A carbon threshold breached, commitments to brain science made, mystery neutrinos found and human evolution revised — these and other events highlight the year in science and technology as picked by the editors of Scientific American

So when it came to building a brain center like the hippocampus that can recognize places, there might have been only one way to wire those quirky neurons together to do the job — and evolution arrived at that same solution multiple times independently, just as the genetic instructions for wings evolved multiple times in distinct lineages.

Even if we carry these «leftovers from evolution» in the form of snake - sensitive neurons deep in our visual system, higher brain processes, such as learning and memory, may influence our behavior just as much as this deep and instinctive snake sense.

«Positing convergent evolution (two or three times in amniote evolution) of a complex phenomenon such as sleep brain dynamics is a lot less plausible than imagining a common origin.

EVOLUTION AND THE BRAIN Perhaps the most incendiary aspect of the fast - evolution research is evidence that the brain may be evolving just as quickly as the rest of EVOLUTION AND THE BRAIN Perhaps the most incendiary aspect of the fast - evolution research is evidence that the brain may be evolving just as quickly as the rest of the BRAIN Perhaps the most incendiary aspect of the fast - evolution research is evidence that the brain may be evolving just as quickly as the rest of evolution research is evidence that the brain may be evolving just as quickly as the rest of the brain may be evolving just as quickly as the rest of the body.

Also in this issue, we take a trip to Harvard's brain bank where thousands of specimens are waiting to be studied, and we take on a burning question of human evolution: If our brains our shrinking, are we more efficient, or just not as bright?

«Comparing human, chimpanzee and bonobo cells can give us clues to understand biological processes, such as infection, diseases, brain evolution, adaptation or genetic diversity,» says senior research associate Iñigo Narvaiza, who led the study with senior staff scientist Carol Marchetto at the Salk Institute in La Jolla.

Some of the genes may be important in understanding the genetics behind disease as well as the evolution of the human brain.

Researchers from the University of Wyoming and INRIA (France) led by Henok S. Mengistu simulated the evolution of computational brain models, known as artificial neural networks, both with and without a cost for network connections.

«The significance of this study is that we're going to see more comparative studies of macromolecular concentrations — such as differences in proteins and lipids — which reveal things that can't be read out directly» from the genome, says Todd Preuss, a neuroscientist at Emory University who specializes in the evolution of the human brain and who was not involved in the study.

The identification of the genetic mechanisms underlying human - specific brain development during evolution will transform our ability to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders affecting humans such as autism or schizophrenia.

He hinted that gestural theory could clear up another mystery about this period as well: why the stone tools of these early hominids show little evolution for almost two million years, despite increases in brain size.

To enhance the utility of chimpanzees as a reference species for comparative studies to better understand the structure, function, and evolution of the human brain

In the past, scientists would pick a candidate gene — such as those implicated in brain development or diabetes — and closely analyze how the gene might be associated with evolution or disease.

Instead, the researchers developed a high - throughput selection assay, CREATE (Cre REcombinase - based AAV Targeted Evolution), that allowed them to test millions of viruses in vivo simultaneously and to identify those that were best at entering the brain and delivering genes to a specific class of brain cells known as astrocytes.

The images produced by their work will provide a clearer understanding of how even the smallest changes to the brain play a role in the onset and evolution of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's and autism, and perhaps lead to improved treatments or even a cure.

Author of books: Atmospheres of Mars and Venus (1961, nonfiction) Planets (1966, nonfiction, with Jonathan Norton Leonard) Intelligent Life in the Universe (1966, nonfiction, with Iosif S. Shklovskii) Planetary Exploration (1970, nonfiction) Planetary Atmospheres (1971, nonfiction, with Tobias C. Owen and Harlan J. Smith) U.F.O.'s: A Scientific Debate (1972, with Thornton Page) The Cosmic Connection: An Extraterrestrial Perspective (1973, nonfiction) Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence (1973, nonfiction) The Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the Evolution of Human Intelligence (1977, nonfiction) Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record (1978, nonfiction) Broca's Brain: Reflections on the Romance of Science (1979, nonfiction) Cosmos (1980, nonfiction) Comet (1985, nonfiction, with Ann Druyan) Contact (1985, novel) Nuclear Winter (1985, nonfiction) A Path where No Man Thought: Nuclear Winter and the End of the Arms Race (1990, nonfiction, with Richard P. Turco) The Demon - Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark (1996, essays) Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors: A Search for Who We Are (1992, nonfiction, with Ann Druyan) Pale Blue Dot: A Vision of the Human Future in Space (1994, essays) Billions and Billions (1996, essays) The Varieties of Scientific Experience: A Personal View of the Search for God (2006, nonfiction, posthumous, with Ann Druyan)

As I talk to omnivores, they always say the same thing that meat was essential part of our evolution and the high amount of protein in the meat was and still is responsible for our brain's growth and development (especially cooked meat, since carnivores & omnivores are not smart).

As man developed more control of his environment, the luxury of a larger reflective brain correlated with the evolution of the PFC to its current proportions.

As man developed more control of his environment, the luxury of a bigger reflective brain correlated with the evolution of the PFC to its current proportions.

Biologists have been much more sympathetic to the theory, because they think — as do I — in terms of evolution and of brain development and organization.

The truth is, they need water just as much as you and I do, but feline evolution has resulted in their brains not being designed to actually know they need to drink as much as they should.

A veterinary behaviorist has also demonstrated their academic skills in graduate school classes such as ethology, evolution of social behavior, developmental biology, neurobiology of behavior, learning theory, animal cognition, psychopharmacology (study of medications that affect the brain and emotions), and statistical analysis.

System 1, sometimes described as our «reptile brain,» is located in the basal ganglia region, an area that was well - developed from the beginning of our evolution as a species.

Larry Young, a professor of psychiatry at Emory University who studies the neurological basis of complex social behaviors, thinks human evolution has harnessed an ancient neural circuit that originally evolved to strengthen the mother - infant bond during breastfeeding, and now uses this brain circuitry to strengthen the bond between couples as well.