Sentences with phrase «brain glial cells»

This demonstrates a potentially crucial role for brain glial cells in mediating a fundamental physiological reflex.

A depiction of the brain glial cell response towards site injury upon insertion of neural interface probe track (rectangular hole), which disrupts the maintenance of their important regulatory roles.

Not exact matches

It is also relevant here that one would have to take into account not only neurons but also, glial cells since these contribute potentials to the electrical field of the brain.

Small amounts of glycogen are found in the kidneys, and even smaller amounts in certain glial cells in the brain and white blood cells.

The study is also the latest in recent years to implicate glial cells in important brain functions.

Until recently it has been difficult to study the role of glial cells in controlling appetite or any other brain function, because scientists haven't developed many techniques for silencing or stimulating these cells, as they have for neurons.

«I was very curious at that point what glial cells would be doing in the hypothalamus, since glial cells have been shown in other brain areas to have an influence on regulation of neuronal function,» she says.

MIT neuroscientists have discovered that brain cells called glial cells play a critical role in controlling appetite and feeding behavior.

There is more and more evidence to point to the importance of glial cells in modulating neuronal function and in mediating brain disorders,» says Guoping Feng, the James W. and Patricia Poitras Professor of Neuroscience.

Svendsen injected into their brains a protein known to enhance neural development, called glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).

These cells are similar to brain astroglial cells, and both types of glial cells are activated after TBI.

The virus appears to invade the brain by infecting a type of glial cell called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing neurons and guide them from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.

The mice benefited from human stem cells called glial progenitors, immature cells poised to become astrocytes and other glia cells, the supposed support cells of the brain.

Two kinds of mouse glial brain cells, microglia and astrocytes, making different versions of the APOE protein were grown with brain nerve cells, or neurons, that make disease - causing forms of tau.

Astrocytes — named for their starlike rays, which reach out in all directions — are the most abundant of all glial cells and therefore the most abundant of all the cells in the brain.

They also applied it to human brain tissue collected by the Genotype - Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project, finding that they could a) identify expression signatures unique to neurons, glial cells, and other cell types in the brain (including rare types), and b) differentiate between closely related cell subtypes.

According to tradition in neuroscience, brain cells fall into two broad groups — neurons and glial cells.

Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes that may play a role in how long people can live after developing a common type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor of the glial cells in the brain.

Neural stem cells called outer radial glial (oRG) cells help fuel the expansion of the unusually big human brain.

Neurons release neurotransmitters that are taken up by specific receptors, but many glial cells receive and emit neurotransmitters that float through the brain as free agents.

Meet the forgotten 90 percent of your brain: glial cells, which outnumber your neurons ten to one.

Some glial cells congregate near lesions, for instance, and in areas of the brain where learning is going on.

This fluorescence light micrograph shows two important support cells (glial cells) of the human brain.

Professor Ben Barres really uncovered the importance of these glial cells on brain injuries and diseases.

«Uncovering the power of glial cells: Brain implants can rely on more than neurons to function.»

Between the brain's neurons and glial cells is a critical but understudied structure that's been called neuroscience's final frontier: the extracellular space.

Kozai's lab is currently working with Franca Cambi, professor of neurology at Pitt, on a project to understand the role of another type of glial cell on brain injury and neuronal activity.

«By combining in vivo multiphoton microscopy and in vivo electrophysiology, our lab is better able to visualize how cells move and change over time in the living brain and explain how changes in these glial cells alter the visually evoked neural network activity,» says Kozai.

The study, «Glial responses to implanted electrodes in the brain,» suggests that these glial cells are more functional than previously thoGlial responses to implanted electrodes in the brain,» suggests that these glial cells are more functional than previously thoglial cells are more functional than previously thought.

«The most obvious function of glial cells has been related to their role in forming scar tissue to prevent the spread of injury and neuronal degeneration, but so much about their role in the brain is unknown.»

«From providing growth factor support and ensuring proper oxygen and nutrient delivery to the brain to trimming of obsolete synapses and recycling waste products, recent findings show that glial cells do much more to ensure brain activity is optimized,» Kozai says.

Star - shaped astrocytes are the most abundant subgroup of glial cells, which support and insulate neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

«Our finding runs counter to the belief that increasing the reactivity of astrocytes and other glial cells in the brain helps maintain tissue integrity following TBI.

Monje first became interested in neurons» role supporting tumors while working on childhood glioma, a cancer that strikes in the precursors to glial cells in the developing brain.

Forward - looking studies are examining other possible information couriers: glial cells (poorly understood brain cells that are 10 times as common as neurons), other kinds of signaling mechanisms between cells (such as newly discovered gases and peptides), and the biochemical cascades that take place inside cells.

The p38 MAPK is also present in glial cells, which are critical to the brain's health and comprise 90 percent of brain cells.

This brings up the possibility that brain cancer cells that originate from glial cells can be forced into a mature state and thus unable to divide.

While the brain actually has more glial cells than neurons, glial cells were long thought to provide only structural support to the neurons, much like cement supports a house.

Astrocytes are the most common of a type of brain cell called glial cells.

Neuroscientists have long believed that scar tissue formed by glial cells — the cells that surround neurons in the central nervous system — impedes damaged nerve cells from regrowing after a brain or spinal cord injury.

Astrocytes, one type of glial cells are the supporting cells for survival and function of neurons in the brain by secreting many kinds of neuroprotective molecules.

Chen and his team began by studying how reactive glial cells respond to a specific protein, NeuroD1, which is known to be important in the formation of nerve cells in the hippocampus area of adult brains.

The scientists have used supporting cells of the central nervous system, glial cells, to regenerate healthy and functional neurons, shown in green in this image in the brain of a mouse with Alzheimer's disease.

«There are more reactive glial cells and fewer functional neurons in the injury site,» Chen said, «so we hypothesized that we might be able to convert glial cells in the scar into functional neurons at the site of injury in the brain.

The scientists have used supporting cells of the central nervous system, glial cells, to regenerate healthy, functional neurons, which are critical for transmitting signals in the brain.

When the brain is harmed by injury or disease, neurons often die or degenerate, but glial cells become more branched and numerous.

A human - specific gene expressed only in glial cells of the brain apparently arose from conversion of the ancestral gene by a nonfunctional pseudogene in a common human chimp ancestor.

«More importantly, a retrovirus can infect only dividing cells such as reactive glial cells, but it does not affect neurons, which makes it ideal for therapeutic use with minimal side effect on normal brain functions.»

In a second test, Chen and his team used a transgenic - mouse model for Alzheimer's disease, and demonstrated that reactive glial cells in the mouse's diseased brain also can be converted into functional neurons.

Swathed in green threads, this glial cell may hold clues for brain repair.