Number 17 «Empathy and identification» Dr. Lane Beckes and Dr. James A. Coan at the University of Virginia discuss their research on correlations in psycho - physiological and
brain imaging data, particularly their own innovative correlational approaches for exploring interpersonal empathy and identification.
Almost no functional
brain imaging data is available from individuals who are considered «low - functioning.»
One strength of the study is the combination of this decision - making test with
the brain imaging data, says Peter J. Havel, a professor of nutrition at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved with the study.
«It was the most absolutely outstanding piece of information in all the brain data I looked at,» Herbert recalls of the years 2001 and 2002, when she was analyzing
this brain imaging data.
The brain imaging data revealed that two distinct regions in frontal cortex tracked the estimated abilities of oneself and others.
It is the first time we have used these methods to look at
brain imaging data and it has given some fascinating insight into how psychedelic drugs expand the mind.
Vorstman's team is pooling genetic and
brain imaging data with collaborators at multiple institutions to investigate how the deletion gives rise to two independent conditions.
To test this, Schultz and Cole analyzed
brain imaging data obtained by researchers at Washington University in St. Louis and the University of Minnesota as part of the Human Connectome Project.
They applied sample weights to
the brain imaging data, giving more weight to the brains of kids with poorer, less educated families, and adding additional weights to match the racial demographics of the United States.
In the study, Dr. Barber and colleagues analyzed
brain imaging data from the Human Connectome Project of 76 otherwise healthy participants reporting PLEs and 153 control participants.
According to Dr. Cameron Carter, Editor of Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, the study is an important example of how more sophisticated approaches to analyzing
brain imaging data examining transitions between mental states over time can measure altered brain dynamics that can identify subtle risk states or even track the transition from subclinical to clinical psychopathology.
Furthermore,
brain imaging data for these very elderly animals shows a slight loss of grey matter (neuronal cell bodies), an effect that the researchers have not yet explained, as well as significantly slowed atrophy of white matter (the neuronal fibers connecting different areas of the brain).
Not exact matches
In a 2012 study, [8] researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) measured before - and - after
data from the
brains of a group of nine high school football and hockey players using an advanced form of
imaging similar to an MRI called diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI).
Brain imaging adds another kind of
data that can help test hypotheses and corroborate teens» own accounts of their behavior and emotions.
Using
data from National Database for Autism Research (NDAR), lead author Kristina Denisova, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at CUMC and Fellow at the Sackler Institute, studied 71 high and low risk infants who underwent two functional Magnetic Resonance
imaging brain scans either at 1 - 2 months or at 9 - 10 months: one during a resting period of sleep and a second while native language was presented to the infants.
In the novel analysis,
brain imaging was combined with machine - learning methodology, with which signals of a similar form were mined from the
brain data.
Using
data from
brain imaging techniques that enable visualising the
brain's activity, a neuroscientist at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) and a Parisian ENT surgeon have managed to decipher
brain reorganisation processes at work when people start to lose their hearing, and thus predict the success or failure of a cochlear implant among people who have become profoundly deaf in their adult life.
Van Wedeen, another HCP PI at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Martinos Center for Biomedical
Imaging, says the proliferation of neuroscience resources, such as those put out by the HCP and Allen
Brain Atlas, can pay unexpected dividends for young researchers who lack the funds to collect such
data themselves.
This hypothesis is supported by several observations so we decided to test it by scanning the
brains of individuals of varying age with functional magnetic resonance
imaging and analysing the
data both with fApEn and SampEn.»
«We were fortunate that a group of collaborators, including Fritjof Helmchen from the
Brain Research Institute and David Jörg and Benjamin Simons from the University of Cambridge, joined efforts to bring together their expertise in deep brain imaging and theoretical modeling, which allowed us to obtain and understand our data.&r
Brain Research Institute and David Jörg and Benjamin Simons from the University of Cambridge, joined efforts to bring together their expertise in deep
brain imaging and theoretical modeling, which allowed us to obtain and understand our data.&r
brain imaging and theoretical modeling, which allowed us to obtain and understand our
data.»
But neither
data from
brain scanners — functional magnetic resonance
imaging — nor clinical studies of patients with implanted electrodes have explained exactly how the cells in these face patches work.
At the meeting, attendees discussed four broad goals for the proposed Observatory: expanding access to large scale electron microscopes; providing fabrication facilities for new, nanosized electrode systems; developing new optical and magnetic resonance
brain activity
imaging technologies; and finding new ways to analyze and store the staggering amount of
data detailed
brain studies can produce.
An international team of roughly 300 scientists known as the Enhancing Neuro
Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA) Network pooled
brain scans and genetic
data worldwide to pinpoint genes that enhance or break down key
brain regions in people from 33 countries.
«We have all this stuff - new
brain imaging technologies, big
data samples, etc. — why are we not making really fast progress?»
The investigators used the
brain -
imaging software to rapidly evaluate blood - flow
data generated from incoming patients.
The
data, presented at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, represents a small but intriguing look at
brain imaging in those who suffered combat - related head injuries.
The researchers identified dysfunctional
brain mechanisms of sustained attention using functional Magnetic Resonance
Imaging data and complex modeling of fMRI signals.
Drawing on ADNI
data, which helped link Alzheimer's disease to a common gene called CLU, researchers used this
imaging technique in other people to discover that the
brain wiring of gene carriers is impaired decades before the disease typically strikes.
Researchers examined
data from a total of 1,577 participants (aged 12 — 21 years, 57 % male / 43 % female), that included information on cannabis use,
brain imaging results, and polygenic risk score for schizophrenia.
Still, Sheehan said neuroscience already is one of the leaders in
data sharing and management, with such resources as the NIH - funded National Database for Autism Research; an NIH - Defense Department sponsored
data base on traumatic
brain injury; the NIH - funded Neuroimaging Informatics Tools and Resources Clearinghouse (NITRC), which helps researchers to develop, share and collaborate on software tools for doing functional and structural
imaging studies of the
brain; and the Neuroscience Information Framework, an NIH initiative that makes neuroscience resources -
data, materials, and tools - accessible via any computer connected to the Internet.
Using this mouse - tracking software Freeman developed, the millimeters of movement of a test subject's mouse cursor can be linked with
brain -
imaging data to discover otherwise hidden impacts on specific
brain processes.
We have long known that autism itself is genetic, but by combining these different
data sets (
brain imaging and genetics) we can now identify more precisely which genes are linked to how the autistic
brain may differ.
The research team is integrating the behavioral
data with functional magnetic resonance
imaging, or fMRI, to identify which
brain networks may be responsible for the rhythm perception deficit.
In total, the HCP has released some 50 terabytes of
brain -
imaging data on more than 1,000 people, says Jennifer Elam, an outreach coordinator for the project at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri.
But these
imaging data are represented in completely different formats, and there's no way to switch between the two: once scientists zoom in to the level of single cells, they can not pan out again to see those cells in the context of the whole
brain.
A second major theme is the development of methods for studying human
brain structure and function using MRI and for integrating fMRI
data with other
imaging methods such as EEG.
Advances in methodology are allowing researchers to integrate mindfulness experiences with
brain imaging and neural signal
data to form testable hypotheses about the science — and the reported mental health benefits — of the practice.
During his time at Vanderbilt, Dieter made a number of essential and extensive contributions to an NIH - funded project on binocular vision in adults, including developing and perfecting the battery of tests the subjects would perform,
imaging the subjects»
brains and statistically analyzing the
data.
An international collaborative study coordinated by the Inserm unit 930 «
Imaging and
Brain» (Dr. Frédéric Laumonnier, Tours), PHENOMIN and the IGBMC (Dr. Yann Hérault, Illkirch) brings new and original
data on the characterization of the physiopathological role of the synaptic receptor PTCHD1.
Alain Destexhe, Research Director of Unité de Neurosciences CNRS, Gif - sur - Yvette, France Bruno Weber, Professor of Multimodal Experimental
Imaging, Universitaet Zuerich, Switzerland Carmen Gruber Traub, Fraunhofer, Germany Costas Kiparissides, Certh, Greece Cyril Poupon, Head of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging and Spectroscopy unit of NeuroSpin, University Paris Saclay, Gif - sur - Yvette, France David Boas, Professor of Radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, University of Pennsylvania Hanchuan Peng, Associate Investigator at Allen
Brain Institute, Seattle, US Huib Manswelder, Head of Department of Integrative Neurophysiology Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam Jan G. Bjaalie, Head of Neuroinformatics division, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway Jean - François Mangin, Research Director Neuroimaging at CEA, Gif - sur - Yvette, France Jordi Mones, Institut de la Macula y la Retina, Barcelona, Spain Jurgen Popp, Scientific Director of the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany Katharina Zimmermann, Hochshule, Germany Katrin Amunts, Director of the Institute Structural and functional organisation of the brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Leslie M. Loew, Professor at University of Connecticut Health Center, Connecticut, US Marc - Oliver Gewaltig, Section Manager of Neurorobotics, Simulation Neuroscience Division - Ecole Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneve, Switzerland Markus Axer, Head of Fiber architecture group, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM - 1) at Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Mickey Scheinowitz, Head of Regenerative Therapy Department of Biomedical Engineering and Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Tel - Aviv University, Israel Pablo Loza, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Castelldefels, Spain Patrick Hof, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, US Paul Tiesinga, Professor at Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands Silvestro Micera, Director of the Translational Neural Engineering (TNE) Laboratory, and Associate Professor at the EPFL School of Engineering and the Centre for Neuroprosthetics Timo Dicksheid, Group Leader of Big Data Analytics, Institute Structural and functional organisation of the brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Trygve Leergaard, Professor of Neural Systems, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway Viktor Jirsa, Director of the Institute de Neurosciences des Systèmes and Director of Research at the CNRS, Marseille, F
Brain Institute, Seattle, US Huib Manswelder, Head of Department of Integrative Neurophysiology Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam Jan G. Bjaalie, Head of Neuroinformatics division, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway Jean - François Mangin, Research Director Neuroimaging at CEA, Gif - sur - Yvette, France Jordi Mones, Institut de la Macula y la Retina, Barcelona, Spain Jurgen Popp, Scientific Director of the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany Katharina Zimmermann, Hochshule, Germany Katrin Amunts, Director of the Institute Structural and functional organisation of the
brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Leslie M. Loew, Professor at University of Connecticut Health Center, Connecticut, US Marc - Oliver Gewaltig, Section Manager of Neurorobotics, Simulation Neuroscience Division - Ecole Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneve, Switzerland Markus Axer, Head of Fiber architecture group, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM - 1) at Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Mickey Scheinowitz, Head of Regenerative Therapy Department of Biomedical Engineering and Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Tel - Aviv University, Israel Pablo Loza, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Castelldefels, Spain Patrick Hof, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, US Paul Tiesinga, Professor at Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands Silvestro Micera, Director of the Translational Neural Engineering (TNE) Laboratory, and Associate Professor at the EPFL School of Engineering and the Centre for Neuroprosthetics Timo Dicksheid, Group Leader of Big Data Analytics, Institute Structural and functional organisation of the brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Trygve Leergaard, Professor of Neural Systems, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway Viktor Jirsa, Director of the Institute de Neurosciences des Systèmes and Director of Research at the CNRS, Marseille, F
brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Leslie M. Loew, Professor at University of Connecticut Health Center, Connecticut, US Marc - Oliver Gewaltig, Section Manager of Neurorobotics, Simulation Neuroscience Division - Ecole Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneve, Switzerland Markus Axer, Head of Fiber architecture group, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM - 1) at Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Mickey Scheinowitz, Head of Regenerative Therapy Department of Biomedical Engineering and Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Tel - Aviv University, Israel Pablo Loza, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Castelldefels, Spain Patrick Hof, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, US Paul Tiesinga, Professor at Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands Silvestro Micera, Director of the Translational Neural Engineering (TNE) Laboratory, and Associate Professor at the EPFL School of Engineering and the Centre for Neuroprosthetics Timo Dicksheid, Group Leader of Big
Data Analytics, Institute Structural and functional organisation of the
brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Trygve Leergaard, Professor of Neural Systems, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway Viktor Jirsa, Director of the Institute de Neurosciences des Systèmes and Director of Research at the CNRS, Marseille, F
brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany Trygve Leergaard, Professor of Neural Systems, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway Viktor Jirsa, Director of the Institute de Neurosciences des Systèmes and Director of Research at the CNRS, Marseille, France
Masmanidis is developing silicon - based electrodes that can record electrical signals from the
brain while the miniscope records
imaging data.
The reasons for these heterogeneous results are numerous, such as the varying acupuncture manipulation methods, different types of control arms, different methods of acquisition and analyzing the
imaging data, the mainly investigated
brain regions (region of interest) and the statistical analysis.
In the 2007 - 2008 academic year, for instance, awards supported research on topics such as the
imaging of
brain regions involved in the learning of words, the relation between memory and the growth of
brain cells in adulthood, the neural activity behind birdsongs and the processing of sensory
data in the
brains of infants at risk for autism.
As I drive the five miles from my house in suburban New Jersey to Rutgers University
Brain Imaging Center, I take a mental inventory of my
data.
Today he works on novel neural stimulation methods, whole -
brain imaging of neural dynamics in larval zebrafish, and computational tools for the big
data problems that arise from volumetric neural
imaging datasets.
These include
brain image and results volumes obtained from the advanced Siemens 3T Connectom
imaging system based at MGH as well as
data obtained using conventional
imaging systems.
The first - of - its - kind study mixed
brain -
imaging data from canines with a series of behavioral experiments, and came to the conclusion that dogs really do value the relationships they have with their owners.
Investigating
brain connectivity heritability in a twin study using diffusion
imaging data.
Design, Setting, and Participants Longitudinal cohort study analyzing 823 magnetic resonance
imaging scans of 389 typically developing children and adolescents aged 4 to 22 years from the National Institutes of Health Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Normal Brain Development with complete sociodemographic and neuroimagin
imaging scans of 389 typically developing children and adolescents aged 4 to 22 years from the National Institutes of Health Magnetic Resonance
Imaging Study of Normal Brain Development with complete sociodemographic and neuroimagin
Imaging Study of Normal
Brain Development with complete sociodemographic and neuroimaging
data.
The analysis of functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI)
data focused on the variations in both local and interregional patterns of
brain activity as a function of resistance to peer influence (RPI).