As the
brain is responsible for our thoughts, feelings and
actions, several research institutions worldwide
are searching
for the neural representation of gender identity.
A confluence of research has identified executive functioning deficits as a common characteristic of individuals with FASD.9 15 — 27 Damage to neurological structures, including the prefrontal regions of the
brain,
is a significant hypothesised cause
for these deficits.28 29 Executive functions
are defined as a set of cognitive processes
responsible for orchestrating purposeful, goal - directed behaviour.15 30 31 These processes
are responsible for the ability to plan, organise, attend, problem solve and inhibit responses.31 It
is also suggested that the ability to self - regulate emotional responses and behavioural
actions is interrelated with the construct of executive functioning.17 28 32 Deficits in executive functioning and self - regulation can lead to learning and behavioural problems that impact a child's educational outcomes as they struggle to cope with the complex demands of school life.16 20