Sentences with phrase «brain networks which»

Brugger hypothesises that some people are born with a relative weakness in brain networks which enable us to accept all our limbs as our own.

Lanzenberger: «These results suggest that the gender identity is reflected in the structure of brain networks which form under the modulating influence of sex hormones in the course of the development of the nervous system.»

Not exact matches

Having studied experimental psychology as an undergraduate at Cambridge, Hinton was enthusiastic about neural nets, which were software constructs that took their inspiration from the way networks of neurons in the brain were thought to work.

With the rise of the artificial neural network, which mirrors the interconnected nodes of the human brain, artificial intelligence is ready to graduate to a new level.

Furthermore, we found that in people who intentionally mind wander, two main brain networks broadly overlap each other: the default - mode network, which is active when focusing on information from memory, and the fronto - parietal network, which stabilizes our focus and inhibits irrelevant stimuli as part of our cognitive control system.»

It is the power I exercise over my brain, my whole nervous system, and indeed over my whole body, Of this power we may say, in a commonsense way and subject to later qualification, that I exercise it while acting; and that some neuron in my brain that fires in the course of the action, or some neural network through which a complex impulse passes, is subject to it.

Summer is nearly here, which means its time for America's major television networks to fire off the failed sitcoms for which they have no hope, and the low - effort, brain - numbing content that requires no effort — like rounding up «celebrities» and putting them in awkward situations.

When the baby is greatly distressed, it creates conditions for damge to synapses, the network construction which is ongoing in the infant brain.

The reason is that there is a part of your brain called the Default Network, which turns on when you are not actively focusing on a problem.

Vanderburg and Christopher Shallue, a software engineer at Google in Mountain View, Calif., designed a computer code called a neural network, which mimics the way the human brain processes information, to seek out such overlooked exoplanets.

The salience network is a collection of brain regions that determine which stimuli are deserving of our attention, while the dorsal attention network plays an important role in focus and attentiveness.

Neuroscientists have long suspected that the network of neurons in our brains might be connected in such a way that they achieve a state of «self - organised criticality» (SOC), in which they are neither ordered nor random, but somewhere in between.

The agency supports network science through individual institutes (for example, the National Institute of General Medical Sciences funds nine National Centers for Systems Biology, academic centers that emphasize network biology) and through agencywide initiatives (such as the National Technology Centers for Networks and Pathways, funded by the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research and the recently announced Human Connectome Project, which aims to map the connections among the human brain's 100 billion neurons).

Neuroscientists don't agree on exactly which parts of the brain compose this network, but they now believe it is one of the busiest neurological systems.

The researchers found that general intelligence was associated with the brain's dorsal attention network, which plays a central role in attention - demanding tasks and everyday problem solving.

Bentley's machine is inspired by biological networks like the brain, in which billions of neurons are each wired up to thousands of others.

According to recent literature, older people employ a different brain network than younger people when performing this task, especially when squeezing with their less - dominant hand, which loses strength faster than the other.

The network - based approach, which can combine individual patient brain data and computer simulation, heralds the possibility of a personalized approach to chronic pain treatment.»

Voss now plans to test whether this method works on individuals who have disorders in which the memory association network is weak, such as Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury and schizophrenia.

Specifically, the researchers found that they had a thickening of the cortex in a part of the brain known as the temporal occipital region, which comprises a large network of structures involved in reading.

In the new study, which was published in Science, neuroscientists first used brain imaging to identify the associative memory network of 16 young, healthy participants.

Such disorders, which include epilepsy and, experts theorize, schizophrenia and autism (SN Online: 7/17/15), can arise when the brain's communication networks develop off - kilter.

Through the multiple trials, they confirmed that the spintronic devices have a learning ability with which the developed artificial neural network can successfully associate memorized patterns from their input noisy versions just like the human brain can.

This loss, however, is not necessarily a bad thing (according to Hoekzema, «the localization was quite remarkable»); it occurred in brain regions involved in social cognition, particularly in the network dedicated to theory of mind, which helps us think about what is going on in someone else's mind — regions that had the strongest response when mothers looked at photos of their infants.

Her research, which draws on network science, has revealed that people with more «flexible» brains — those that can easily make new connections — are better at learning new information.

AI is all around us — think: Siri, the iPhone - based personal assistant, or Watson, IBM's supercomputer that famously beat human contestants on Jeopardy! Both are examples of «deep learning» in which a computer absorbs and processes information via artificial neural networks that operate like the human brain.

Constructive learning usually begins with a network which has a single node — the part equivalent to a neuron in the brain — which generalises badly on its own.

The team also checked the fMRI readings to determine whether any other brain regions had a similar pattern of activity, which would indicate that the brain networks were communicating with one another.

Creativity, meanwhile, appears to involve the brain's resting network, a chain of coordinated regions, including areas of the cortex and hippocampus, which is active while daydreaming or reflecting.

In 2005, Hinton discovered that if he sectioned his neural networks into layers and ran the algorithms on them one layer at a time, which approximates the brain's structure and development, the process became more efficient.

The study supports the importance of the serotonin which is specified and maintained by a specific gene, the Pet - 1 gene — for normal functioning of the neurons, synapses and networks in the cortex, as well as proper development of brain circuitry.

Deep neural networks (DNNs), which have been developed with reference to the network structures and the operational algorithms of the brain, have achieved notable success in a broad range of fields, including computer vision, in which they have produced results comparable to, and in some cases superior to, human experts.

The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate connectivity in two brain networks involved in social processing: theory of mind (ToM, otherwise known as the mentalizing system, which allows an individual to infer what others are thinking, their beliefs, their intentions) and the mirror neuron system (MNS, which allows people to understand the meanings and actions of others by simulating and replicating them).

«Research indicates that the brain is functionally organized according to intrinsic connectivity networks, which are known to play a central role in specific facets of intelligence.

There are new books covering the nature and theory of consciousness; how men think; the different ways in which brain lesions may affect thinking; neural networks; and Zen and neural networks.

Their findings: activity dropped in the prefrontal cortex — which is implicated in planning as well as in the organization of functions performed by other brain regions — but it jumped in a cluster of brain regions implicated in daydreaming known as the «default mode network.»

Action potentials, also known as nerve impulses, are electrical messages sent from our brains to other organs and muscles; for instance, nerves in the brain transmit action potentials through neural networks to direct our arm muscles to contract in order to call into action our hands to lift or hold an item, a primary research focus at the Columbia Motor Neuron Center, to which both the Zhang and Wichterle labs are affiliated.

Well it goes down in the sense [that] it gets a little more focused as well; now know what's happening is this brain dark energy, which scientists call the brain default mode network — and they use the word default because when you're not doing anything else — this is background brain activity that is constantly occurring is all about the brain anticipating and predicting what'll happen next in the environment.

Shortly before birth, the brain starts checking over its entire network and sorting out the superfluous connections, which are then pared down.

Machine - learning systems — and a subset, deep - learning systems, which simulate complex neural networks in the human brain — derive their own rules after combing through large amounts of data.

When they were thinking about mathematical subjects, a dorsal frontoparietal network of the brain was activated, a network which showed no overlap with the language regions.

«In this study, a new «source analysis» method was used for the first time to measure functional networks in the infant brain: with the help of a computer model, the measured EEG signals were interpreted as activity in the infant cortex, which enabled the evaluation of the functional networking of neurons in a very versatile manner on the cortical level,» says Sampsa Vanhatalo, a professor in clinical neurophysiology and the head of the study.

These brain regions are known collectively as the salience network, whose job is to filter stimuli coming into the brain and determine which deserve attention.

12 The USC team is trying to assemble these neurons into functional networks, which would bring us closer to assistive brain implants.

There is therefore a mathematical network in the brain, which is not that of language.

The research team is integrating the behavioral data with functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, to identify which brain networks may be responsible for the rhythm perception deficit.

«The different topological embedding of these regions into the brain network could make it easier for smarter persons to differentiate between important and irrelevant information — which would be advantageous for many cognitive challenges,» proposes Ulrike Basten, the study's principle investigator.

Studies of earworms can help to understand how brain networks, which are involved in perception, emotions, memory and spontaneous thoughts, behave in different people, the authors said.

And two of our goals involve developing templates for how to design apps in any language that best represent our knowledge of the reading brain and forming communications networks around the globe in which children can teach one another the words that describe their worlds.

For decades, neuroscientists have been trying to design computer networks that can mimic visual skills such as recognizing objects, which the human brain does very accurately and quickly.