Sentences with phrase «brain neurons into»

Not exact matches

Recent insights into learning - oriented brain cells called mirror neurons even hold out the possibility that someday we will have pills that will impart particular types of skills, such as computer programming or business decision making.

The integration of certain atoms and complicated molecules into neurons in the course of phylogeny, and further on into nervous systems and brains, could produce psychic processes.

when your brain dies and all the neurons decay — the electrochemical energy which once coursed through them causing them to work obeys the laws of thermodynamics and dissipates out into the surrounding system.

The empirical data tell us that neurons are the functional units that carry sensory information from the body into the brain and carry effector information from the brain to the body.

It is also relevant here that one would have to take into account not only neurons but also, glial cells since these contribute potentials to the electrical field of the brain.

In the direct reprogramming, the researchers exposed the adult skin cells to a specific mix of signaling molecules the scientists» past research had found would convert healthy skin cells directly into a type of brain cell called medium spiny neurons, without intermediate steps along the way.

Inserting electrodes into the brains of two macaques, Tsao worked out which aspects of a face were mapped onto each neuron.

Crayfish have a «nursery» in their heads where blood cells transform into neurons — the process may one day help us to regenerate our own brain cells

The dish model showed that the thyroid hormone, which is critical to neuron development, wasn't getting into the brain.

Leptin circulates in the blood and crosses into the brain, where it is sensed by leptin receptors expressed on neurons in the hypothalamus.

Not only are neurons packed into the brains of parrots and crows at a much higher density than in primate brains, but the proportion of neurons in the forebrain is also significantly higher, the study found.

That is one of the surprising results of the first study to systematically measure the number of neurons in the brains of more than two dozen species of birds ranging in size from the tiny zebra finch to the six - foot - tall emu, which found that they consistently have more neurons packed into their small brains than are stuffed into mammalian or even primate brains of the same mass.

«The moment I first dropped an electrode into a slice of brain and heard all these neurons firing away like a thunderstorm, I was hooked,» Miller recalls.

Using a high - resolution analysis of how individual neurons and their connected brain networks processed this touch information, designed by neurocomputational scientist Alberto Mazzoni and physics scientist Anton Spanne, the groups got an unexpected insight into the brain representations of the external world experienced through touch.

Many neuroscientists had long believed that the only way to extract data from the brain specific enough to control an external device was to penetrate the cortex and sink electrodes into the gray matter, where the electrodes could record the firing of individual neurons.

In the fathers, a surge of prolactin helped the neurons form a permanent circuit in the brain, which integrated a pup's scent into the father's long - term memory.

We already knew that the brain is constantly adapting throughout our lives, for example by generating new neurons well into adulthood.

Scores of laboratories at universities and in private industry are uncovering how to use these cells, which transform into neurons, astrocytes (the cells that regulate transmission of electrical impulses in the brain) and oligodendrocytes (which insulate nerve fibers with a fatty coating).

The bacteria, when injected into mice, activate a set of serotonin - releasing neurons in the brain — the same nerves targeted by Prozac.

The lack of these genes in the neurons of active mice suggested that their brain cells did not immediately leap into an excited state in response to the stressor.

In this sense, Damasio's career mirrors the evolution of the brain sciences, which no longer focus exclusively on the microscopic tanglings of neurons and have made steady inroads into a number of fields like economics, sociology, literary theory, and political science.

When the researchers tracked the stem cells in the mice's brains, they saw that only about 5 percent of them actually developed into neurons, suggesting the cells did not rescue memory by replacing dead neurons, LaFerla says.

Toxicants like solvents, pesticides or volatile molecules from oil spills can travel straight into the brain via the olfactory receptors — nasal neurons that number in the many millions, thickly studding the inner lining of the nose.

When neuroscientists put electrodes into the periaqueductal gray region of rat brains and stimulated the neurons there, the creatures immediately started to run and jump uncontrollably.

Curiously, the researchers discovered that only about five percent of the stem cells injected into the brain - addled mice matured into adult neurons.

Seeking additional insight into similar mechanisms at work in other centers of the brain, Donato and his team discovered that the signal to develop one area known to be involved in more abstract functions, including memory and navigation, originated from deep within the brain, in a specific population of neurons that kicks off the maturation of an entire neural network.

Data from electrodes implanted into their brains showed that neurons in the impaired rats fired less often in the presence of odors.

If you put embryonic stem cells on a substrate like Jell - O — mechanically similar to brain tissue — they turn into neurons.

In this study, Cherqui's team transplanted wildtype HSPCs into an FA mouse model, reporting that the HSPCs engrafted and soon differentiated into macrophages in key regions of the mice's brain and spinal cord where they appeared to transfer wildtype FXN into deficient neurons and muscle cells.

If you go into the brain stem or into other subcortical areas of the brain, the neurons have no distinguishing features.

Those issues emerged 17 years ago, when a Stanford colleague of Greely's proposed implanting human stem cells into mouse brains to see what would happen when the former turned into neurons; the experiment has not yet happened.

Human brains are constantly processing data to make statistical assessments that translate into the feeling we call confidence, according to a study published in Neuron.

To do so, researchers will need to find non-invasive ways to record the firing of individual neurons, because all current methods involve opening the skull and, often, sticking electrodes into brain tissue.

Looking at individual neurons requires slicing up brains into thin sections.

«What we discovered in our preclinical work is evidence of how groups of neurons coordinate and cooperate with each other in a very particular way that gives us deeper insight into how the brain is controlling the arm,» Shenoy said.

Recently, Prof. Yoko Yazaki - Sugiyama and Dr. Shin Yanagihara from Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) have, for the first time, identified the neurons in the brain that are associated with the auditory memory of the father's song in zebra finches, which could lead to insight into human speech development.

«Disturbances to these processes may cause neuronal stem cells to develop into different types of cells or may cause neurons to migrate to different locations in the brain, changing neuronal circuitry and potentially leading to behavioral disorders like schizophrenia.»

More than 2000 such neurons are organized into 50 types, each of which transmits information to a specific region of the fly's poppy seed - sized brain.

Comparing video footage of their stay with their brain activity (see video, above) revealed that the neurons remained virtually silent for most of the time, bursting into life only when the volunteers talked about numbers or numerical concepts such as «more than» or «less than».

Researchers implanted a silicon chip into Hutchinson's brain, offering a high definition view of her neurons» electrical signals.

They then encouraged the stem cells to grow into neurons, a type of brain cell.

An illustration showing the integration of neurons transplanted into the brain following injury, two months after transplantation.

But what individual neurons are doing in the areas that light up on an fMR image is an open question, because researchers can't stick electrodes into the brains of healthy people.

Zheng, together with Leah Boyer, then a researcher in Gage's lab and now director of Salk's Stem Cell Core, generated diseased neurons by taking skin cells from patients with Leigh syndrome, reprogramming them into stem cells in culture and then coaxing them to develop into brain cells in a dish.

The intricate layers of neurons at the backs of their eyes gradually degrade and lose the ability to snatch photons and translate them into electric signals that are sent to the brain.

Rather, it can simulate «how neurons in a particular part of the brain change inputs into outputs.

«The challenge of brain simulation is that the nerve cells enter into a temporary relationship with other neurons depending on the task at hand,» says Prof. Dr. Markus Diesmann, director of Juelich's institute Computational and Systems Neuroscience (INM - 6).

«Neurons in brain tune into different frequencies for different spatial memory tasks.»

«This is very useful because when the fiber is inserted into the brain, it may affect the function of neurons very close to the fiber,» explained Ohayon.

Once the virus infected neurons with the heat - sensing gene, the researchers injected magnetic nanoparticles into the same brain cells.