The goal is to understand how our minds and
brains process language, how language interacts with other aspects of mind, and how we can learn languages of quite different types.
A research team in the US has now found a difference in the way men's and women's
brains process language which could explain this inequality.
13 — 14 Over the past three years IBM scientists have developed a robot called Watson that can defeat human contestants at Jeopardy! Watson's ability to decode puzzling questions depends on intricate computer algorithms that mimic how the human
brain processes language and information.
«By looking at sign, we're learning something about how
the brain processes language more generally.
Now a team of researchers has identified the first gene directly involved in speech, a discovery that may provide insights into how
the brain processes language, and how and when language arose.
According to a recent study, genes may influence how
the brain processes language sounds and has played a role in how language has evolved with time.
The reality, however, is that dyslexia is a difference in how
the brain processes language.
By enriching your understanding of how
the brain processes language, emotion, and other stimuli, this book will change the way you understand and teach reading skills — and help all your students become successful readers.
Not exact matches
Ultimately, this happens because learning a new
language is like giving our
brain the ability to interpret the world differently — including the way we see and
process.
Among the questions researchers are asking: Does the
process of innovating activate neuronal circuits in a particular part of the
brain, the way that
language, say, primarily activates circuits in parts of the
brain's left hemisphere?
One possible reason for this ability is that the very
processes of learning two
languages and switching back and forth between them train the
brain to be more attuned to auditory information, Bak said.
But it is now clear that the right hemisphere plays a significant role in
language processing as well, and that
language comprehension and production involve many regions of the
brain.
You can have the realisation that using a certain word is wrong because of how it can make others feel, but that doesn't mean the part of your
brain that
processes language is suddenly going to stop it coming to you mind in those moments you would have previously used it.
Differences in the
brain's
processing of
language: People who stutter
process language in different areas of the
brain.
For example, she studied
brain activity and speech in a group of teenagers before, and three years after they entered high - school, and found music training in school significantly improved the auditory
processing of phenomes (speech sounds) and had lasting effects on
language skills.
As Larry Leverenz, Ph.D, ATC, a co-author of the groundbreaking 2010 study (4) that was the first to identify such athletes noted, because such athletes have not suffered damage to areas of the
brain associated with
language and auditory
processing, they are unlikely to exhibit clinical signs of head injury (such as headache or dizziness), or show impairment on sideline assessment for concussion, all of which test for verbal, not visual memory.
Learning disabilities in basic reading likely involve difficulty with
language processing and visual reasoning centers of the
brain.
They may not be able to verbally
process our words when we tell them to give the toy back, because their limbic system is busy at work dealing with feelings, so the rational, reasoning part of the
brain that
processes language can't work well.
Cognitive, or
brain development means the learning
process of memory,
language, thinking, and reasoning.
Brain research is helping scientists better understand the neural mechanisms underlying
language processing in infants and young children, as well as the social interactions necessary for honing those skills.
Results from a series of studies involving thousands of participants from birth to age 90 suggest that the
brain's ability to
process sound is influenced by everything from playing music and learning a new
language to aging,
language disorders and hearing loss.
Their goal was to see what has the biggest impact on how bilingual
brains process sounds from their second
language: proficiency, socioeducational status or how old they were when they learned their new
language.
While a clinician may find it difficult to parse whether a patient's stilted conversational manner is rooted in a lack of emotional connection or problems forming words, a
brain scan in Belger's study made it clear, for example, that particular symptoms were more closely associated with disruption in the
brain's emotional
processing areas, whereas other symptoms were more closely associated with regions responsible for
language and motor control.
As Harvard University psychologist Alfonso Caramazza will explain in a lecture, scientists often make inferences about how the normal
language system works by examining people who have damage to the areas of the
brain that
process language.
A stroke on the left side of the
brain often damages important
language -
processing areas.
Sounds entering the right ear are
processed by the left side of the
brain, which controls speech,
language development, and portions of memory.
Conventional wisdom holds that
language acquisition in adulthood can not rest on the same
brain mechanisms used in
processing a native languagethat is, a
language learned later in life is
processed in a fundamentally different and less automatic way than is a mother tongue.
It is the latest step in a
process in which search engines are morphing into something quite new: vast
brains that respond directly to questions posed in everyday
language.
14 Other clues about
language processing come from damaged
brains.
Several critical factors led the team to hope he might benefit from DBS, including the fact that sometimes he did respond and an imaging study showed that
language -
processing regions of his
brain activated in response to spoken words.
Overall, Bergen suggests that our use of profanity may provide new insights into how our
brain works, how we
process language and how we communicate with others.
Researchers found that dogs» left hemispheres
process meaningful words while right hemispheres
process tone, Laurel Hamers wrote in «Dog
brains divide
language tasks» (SN: 10/1/16, p. 11).
A postmortem analysis of human
brain tissue, for example, conducted by Witelson and her colleagues at the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine at McMaster, revealed that women's neurons were 11 percent denser than men's in the prefrontal cortex and in a region of the temporal cortex that is involved with
language processing, comprehension, and memory.
«On the other hand, if these seemingly different abilities are carried out by overlapping cognitive mechanisms or
brain areas, then experience with musical pitch
processing should affect
language pitch
processing, and vice versa.»
As a whole, our study shows that we seem to use the same
brain areas for native and new
language structures and that Alienese was in the
process of being integrated into the participants existing
language brain networks.»
For the first time,
language processing has been detected in areas of the
brain that usually
process vision, highlighting the organ's extraordinary flexibility
This is clear evidence, says David Corina of the University of Washington, that «the
language -
processing regions of the human
brain can adapt to a surprisingly wide range of signaling forms.»
So pinpointing these differences in visual areas might reveal important details about
processing in
brain regions related to social functioning and
language, which are not as well understood.
The key issue seems to be when the peripheral nervous system joins up with the cerebral cortex, the region of the
brain responsible for higher thought
processes such as memory, attention, thought, awareness and
language.
People with intermittent explosive disorder (IED), or impulsive aggression, have a weakened connection between regions of the
brain associated with sensory input,
language processing and social interaction.
The SLF connects the
brain's frontal lobe — responsible for decision - making, emotion and understanding consequences of actions — with the parietal lobe, which
processes language and sensory input.
Most experts believe the dominant hand is a by - product of a genetically driven
process of
brain organization, which locates specific functions — like
language — in one hemisphere of the
brain or the other.
Cell Phones Alter
Brain Metabolism: A 50 - minute phone call boosts metabolism in the brain regions closest to the antenna, including areas involved in language, decision making, and emotional proces
Brain Metabolism: A 50 - minute phone call boosts metabolism in the
brain regions closest to the antenna, including areas involved in language, decision making, and emotional proces
brain regions closest to the antenna, including areas involved in
language, decision making, and emotional
processing.
And it is possible that other animals also use the same
brain regions to
process language.
Neurons in the outer layers are connected to other parts of the cortex, which in humans play a role in higher - level
brain processes such as self - awareness,
language and problem - solving.
Between this
language formulation and execution is a
process called motor speech programming — what the
brain does to select, organize, and package the instructions to the muscles of speech, he said.
Listening to the tones in instrumental music, for example, activates
language regions of the
brain that also
process words and syntax.
«Though the «blind
brain» wiring may change greatly in the blind in its frontal language related parts, it still retains the most fundamental topographical and functional connectivity organizational principles of the visual cortex, known as «retinotopic mapping» — the processing of two - dimensional visual images through the eye,» said co-lead researcher Amir Amedi, associate professor of medical neurobiology at the Hebrew University's Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences and IMRIC, the Institute for Medical Research Israel - Ca
brain» wiring may change greatly in the blind in its frontal
language related parts, it still retains the most fundamental topographical and functional connectivity organizational principles of the visual cortex, known as «retinotopic mapping» — the
processing of two - dimensional visual images through the eye,» said co-lead researcher Amir Amedi, associate professor of medical neurobiology at the Hebrew University's Edmond and Lily Safra Center for
Brain Sciences and IMRIC, the Institute for Medical Research Israel - Ca
Brain Sciences and IMRIC, the Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada.
But in humans, the hemispheres tend to specialize: Nearly all righties
process language in the left side of the
brain, while many lefties
process language on the right.
«Dementia plaques attack
language center of
brain: Peering into
brains of living persons with Alzheimer's
language dementia offers insight into disease
process,
language loss.»