In women, the predicted age standardised rate of deaths from lung
cancer will increase by 9 % from 2009 to 14.24 per 100,000 of the population, while the death rates from
breast cancer are predicted to be 14.22 per 100,000, which
represents a fall of 10.2 % since 2009.
To illustrate potential mutation - specific effects on absolute
cancer risks, we used the hazard ratio estimates to derive approximate absolute risks and 95 % confidence intervals, based on published estimates for the overall risks of
breast and ovarian
cancer by age 70 years.26 These estimates are for illustration and do not
represent absolute risk estimates that would be required
in a genetic counseling setting, as they do not account for noncancer outcomes that may influence a
woman's life expectancy, the effects of family history, and nonrandom ascertainment of mutation carriers
in this sample and depend on assumptions about the prevalence of different mutation classes
in the population.