Sentences with phrase «broadly neutralizing»

IAVI launched the Neutralizing Antibody Consortium (NAC) in 2002 to study the molecular structure and biochemistry of known broadly neutralizing antibodies and to use this information to design (reverse engineer) potentially powerful AIDS vaccine candidates.

Landais, Elise et al.: «HIV Envelope Glycoform Heterogeneity and Localized Diversity Govern the Initiation and Maturation of a V2 Apex Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Lineage»

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), if elicited by a vaccine, could prevent infection by a broad range of HIV's many variants, and the Envelope protein is the sole target available to these antibodies.

The serum from a small set of the samples indeed turned out to block the infectivity, in test cells, of a wide range of HIV isolates, suggesting the presence of broadly neutralizing antibodies.

Researchers are making progress in developing vaccine immunogens designed to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV.

In addition to the scientists named above, the contributors to the first paper, «Broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies define a novel glycan - dependent epitope on the pre-fusion conformation of gp41 on cleaved Envelope trimers,» were Alejandra Ramos, Jeong Hyun Lee, Chi - Hui Liang and Pascal Poignard, all from TSRI and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center; Alejandro Ramirez, Ryan McBride, Michael B. Zwick and James C. Paulson from TSRI; Katie J. Doores from King's College London School of Medicine; Ronald Derking, Marit J. van Gils and Rogier W. Sanders from the Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam; Sachin S. Shivatare, Chung - Yi Wu and Chi - Huey Wong of Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Po - Ying Chan - Hui and Kristine Swiderek of Theraclone Sciences, Inc., Seattle; Yan Liu and Ten Feizi of Imperial College London; Michael S. Seaman of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston; John P. Moore of Weill Medical College of Cornell University; and Wayne C. Koff of IAVI in New York City.

Following positive initial results from Phase I safety trials evaluating direct administration of VRC01, an HIV - specific antibody that is able to neutralize a broad variety of HIV strains, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is preparing for a series of further studies to see if this broadly neutralizing antibody is effective in preventing transmission of HIV from mothers to their infants, as well as among high - risk adults.

All of the recently identified broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV have been isolated from chronically HIV - infected volunteers.

In 2009, scientists from IAVI, TSRI and Theraclone Sciences succeeded in isolating and characterizing the first new broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV seen in a decade.

Prior to the new findings, scientists had been able to identify only a few different sets of «broadly neutralizing» antibodies, capable of reaching four conserved vulnerable sites on the virus.

Dr. Matyas» research efforts on HIV have focused on developing immunization formulations that would induce antibodies similar to the broadly neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10, which bind to the both gp41 and membrane lipids.

Most previously described broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies bind to one or the other Env subunit.

A small - molecule fragment that emulates binding of receptor and broadly neutralizing antibodies to influenza A hemagglutinin

We are testing two novel preventive vaccine regimens, and for the first time we're testing the idea of using a broadly neutralizing antibody administered passively.

NIAID is working to further develop this strategy and to evaluate and improve broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV.

She is the Protocol Chair for RV329: African Cohort Study; RV262, an international Phase I DNA / MVA HIV vaccine trial; and for RV398, an upcoming Phase I trial of the VRC01 broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody administered in acute HIV infection in East Africa and Thailand.

Johannes Scheid, awarded for hos essay in the category Translational Medicine: «HIV Specific B cell Response in Patients with Broadly Neutralizing Serum Activity»

The broadly neutralizing antibody 10 - 1074 targets a specific structure on the surface of the HIV virus.

This paper describes results from a clinical trial that demonstrates that a single dose of a broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibody is well tolerated and reduces viral load in a cohort of 33 research participants.

The trials would be for proof of concept, to show whether researchers can, for the first time in humans, stimulate the right B cells to start the process of making broadly neutralizing antibodies, long considered the «holy grail» of HIV vaccine research because they defend against infection by a broad spectrum of HIV strains.

Moore and colleagues found that in five of the ten individuals analyzed, the epitope for the broadly neutralizing antibodies that developed later in infection were absent on the transmitted founder virus.

Dr. Leo Stamatatos, an immunologist in Fred Hutch's Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, has received funding from the National Institutes of Health to begin manufacturing an HIV vaccine candidate designed to stimulate the production of broadly neutralizing antibodies and to test the experimental vaccine in human clinical trials.

«The way the virus develops has implications for the later broadly neutralizing antibody response,» concluded Moore.

Short communication: HIV type 1 subtype C variants transmitted through the bottleneck of breastfeeding are sensitive to new generation broadly neutralizing antibodies directed against quaternary and CD4 - binding site epitopes.

A recombinant, broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody (bnMAb) to HIV - 1 gp120, specifically to the quaternary structure of V1V2 of the HIV - 1 envelope protein.

«It is probably our last chance to look at natural broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody responses in a natural infection setting,» she says.

Most antibody - related talks at the meeting stressed the importance of broadly neutralizing antibodies for protection from HIV infection.

«We now have an increasingly detailed map of the vulnerable sites on HIV Envelope, due to an array of newly discovered broadly neutralizing antibodies and the identification of their targets,» said Tomaras, who is the co-organizer of the HIV Vaccines track of the conference.

In this context, the Lingwood laboratory studies B cell antibody responses to both HIV and influenza with the goal of 1) understanding how antigenic sites of vulnerability are initially perceived by specific germline B cell receptor (BCR) sequences and 2) how that recognition process can direct antibody affinity maturation toward production of broadly neutralizing anti-viral responses.

broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs)- Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV are special antibodies that are able to block or «neutralize» many types or strains of HIV.

The conserved membrane - proximal external region (MPER) of HIV - 1 gp41 is a target of the broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies, 2F5 and 4E10.

The new trial is testing what's known as a «broadly neutralizing» antibody.

Dr. Schief's work focuses on computation - guided and structure - based design of immunogens and immunization regimens, with the goal of inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV and other pathogens that have frustrated traditional vaccine design strategies.

«Cows seem to make these long CDR3s and we know, or it appears, that in antibodies against HIV that are broadly neutralizing, they have long CDR3s,» Smider explained.

SEATTLE, WA and DURHAM, NC — The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) and the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) today announced the initiation of HVTN 704 / HPTN 085, also known as Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) or the AMP Study, a Phase 2b clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of VRC01, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody (bnAb).

Rational design of envelope identifies broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to HIV - 1.

The researchers plan to intensively study the immune responses generated by therapeutic vaccines, broadly neutralizing antibodies, and latency reversing agents in both acutely infected individuals and also in preclinical studies.

de Jong YP, Dorner M, Mommersteeg MC, Xiao JW, Balazs AB, Robbins JB, Winer BY, Gerges S, Vega K, Labitt RN, Donovan BM, Giang E, Krishnan A, Chiriboga L, Charlton MR, Burton DR, Baltimore D, Law M, Rice CM, Ploss A. Broadly neutralizing antibodies abrogate established hepatitis C virus infection.

Structure of HIV - 1 gp120 V1 / V2 domain with broadly neutralizing antibody PG9.

Here we immunized two further llamas and elicited three novel broadly neutralizing heavy chain only antibodies, which were identified by high - throughput screening.

Based on these observations, we postulate that the plasmablasts producing these broadly neutralizing antibodies were predominantly derived from activated memory B cells specific for epitopes conserved in several influenza strains.

Furthermore, the neutralizing HCAb induced occurs in the llamas at a low frequency that does not result in broadly neutralizing sera, the goal for a protective HIV vaccine.

This graphical abstract depicts the co-evolution of HIV and broadly neutralizing antibodies in an African donor, including the viral features found to promote antibody breadth.

However, recent in vitro work has shown increased neutralization coverage can be achieved by combining the newly identified broadly neutralizing mAb [19], [20].

It is significant that parallel immunization of llamas 8 and 9 gave rise to two separate clonal lineages of CD4 binding site broadly neutralizing HCAbs which have both incurred a three residue deletion in CDR2 during maturation.

They go on to say that «since no single broadly neutralizing antibody combines the entire range of mechanistic features anticipated to support in vivo efficacy, our study adds further evidence that combinations of such antibodies need to be considered for human application.»

The residues altered were selected based on the observation that the three VHH described herein, B9, A14 and B21, bind to the RSC3 probe that was used to isolate the VRC01 - class of human CD4 binding site broadly neutralizing antibodies (Fig. 2) and that previously the introduction of an aromatic residue into the VRC01 - like antibody NIH45 - 46 resulted in increased breadth and potency [38].

To date, no immunization of humans or animals has elicited broadly neutralizing sera able to prevent HIV - 1 transmission; however, elicitation of broad and potent heavy chain only antibodies (HCAb) has previously been reported in llamas.

In this study, the anti-HIV immune responses in immunized llamas were studied via deep sequencing analysis using broadly neutralizing monoclonal HCAbs as a guides.

Our results show that immunization can induce potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies in llamas with features similar to human antibodies and provide a framework to analyze the effectiveness of immunization protocols.