Sentences with phrase «broken hydrogen bonds»

The gas molecules seemed drawn to the tip of the crack; to get there, they flipped along the surface like zombie gymnasts, leaving broken hydrogen bonds in their wake.

When carbon dioxide gas entered the mix, the gas molecules broke hydrogen bonds in the water molecules, making the ice more brittle.

A lot of the properties of water rely on creating and breaking these hydrogen bonds and a certain rate, time and energy.

When you climb the hydrogen ladder in NATURAL gasses; propane, butane, etc., the more energy from burning them is derived from breaking Hydrogen bonds and the less from Carbon bonds.

Not exact matches

VHTR plants could even produce hydrogen for fuel using high - temperature steam electrolysis, which breaks apart the bonds of water molecules; this process is 50 percent more energy - efficient than existing hydrogen production methods.

At this temperature, the pressure in the reactor reaches 34 atmospheres, helping to break down the bonds between the hydrogen and carbon atoms in the polymer chains.

Water molecules are linked together by hydrogen bonds that break and form several thousands of billions of times per second.

At altitudes above 50 kilometers, ultraviolet light from the sun easily penetrates the Red Planet's thin atmosphere and breaks down water's chemical bonds between hydrogen and oxygen.

«That's what his advance is pointing towards,» he says, «finding an alternative catalyst that will allow us to do oxygen evolution (breaking the bonds of water or H2O and forming oxygen) in concert with hydrogen» on a grand scale.

Water molecules move through the viscous supercooled water in jumps related to hydrogen bond breaking.

Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University together with their colleagues from USA and Japan have proposed a novel way to address the most important and fundamental challenge of organic chemistry, i.e. breaking a bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms to form new organic substances.

In order to obtain new compounds, it is necessary to break the bond of carbon and hydrogen to form carbon - carbon bond,» explains the researcher.

These elements helped to carry out CH - activation, i.e. to break the bond between carbon and hydrogen in molecules and to create a new carbon - carbon bond and thereby obtain new promising substances.

Providing hydrogen for the process is expensive, and as oils get more sour, higher pressures and more stable catalysts are needed to break the sulfur bonds.

When combined with hydrogen peroxide, TAMLs neutralize many contaminants by breaking their chemical bonds.

In 2008, Ludwik Leibler, a chemist at the Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Educational Institution (ESPCI) in Paris, harnessed another (weaker) type of bonding — hydrogen bonding — to make a self - repairing rubber that heals itself when two broken sides are simply compressed together.

At that temperature, carbonate (a weak, non-hazardous base) can break the hydrogen - carbon bond.

For example, the hydrogen bonds that connect water molecules to one another are non-covalent, breaking and reforming constantly to give rise to the fluid properties of water.

Meyer, based at Grove City in Ohio, says that these electrically polarised conditions strain and break the covalent chemical bond between hydrogen and oxygen, liberating the two gases.

When molecular hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) and water (H20) are mixed together in the presence of virtually any intermittent source of energy capable of breaking chemical bonds, the result is a remarkably high yield of amino acids and the sugars and nitrogenous bases that are the chemical constituents of the nucleotides.

«Cheap, energy - efficient and clean reaction to make chemical feedstock: Combining experimental and computer chemistry, scientists find the conditions to break carbon - hydrogen bonds at low temperature with cheap titanium in place of rare metals.»

Natural gases, such as methane and ethane, have strong carbon - hydrogen (C - H) bonds that are difficult to break.

He knew he needed to find metals that were deft at breaking the carbon - hydrogen bonds that are at the heart of methane, ethane, and propane, short hydrocarbons known as alkanes, and then add in oxygen atoms that would transform the alkanes into alcohols.

Both materials were then sprayed with hydrogen gas in which the bonds were broken to form single hydrogen atoms.

Since the moon has virtually no atmosphere, high - energy hydrogen ions ejected from the sun continually bombard the surface and break chemical bonds in the rocks.

However, by stacking large numbers of these sheets, spider silk fails «gracefully», with the hydrogen bonds breaking one by one under an external force.

The calculations showed that smaller rhodium particles lowered the energy barriers involved with breaking carbon - carbon and carbon - hydrogen bonds.

Results: In adding steam to benzene, C6H6, to generate hydrogen, the step that determines the reaction's speed is not the benzene's adsorption onto the catalyst, but rather the first benzene bond that breaks, according to scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

This novel catalyst weakens the methane molecule's hydrogen - carbon bond, allowing it to break at much lower temperatures.

But breaking the strong bond between its carbon and hydrogen takes a tremendous amount of energy.

Without the hydrogen bonds of their nucleotide base pairs holding them together, they will repel and break apart.

Your style will stay in place until these temporary hydrogen bonds are broken by moisture leaving or entering the hair shaft.

When dipped into a beaker of water, instead of producing electricity, the leaf harnessed the electrons to break the chemical bonds of water and release hydrogen gas — a fuel that can store energy at a significantly higher density and lower cost than electricity.

Initially, all the molecules are bashing each other and pairs of hydrogen bonding water molecules are broken before they are hit by a third slowly moving water molecule.

But when their temperature is lowered and they form a water molecule, the symmetry of the individual atoms is broken as they form a molecule with 105 degrees between the hydrogen - oxygen bonds.

Reaching the high pressures required for the normally weaker hydrogen bonds to break water apart requires a very small sample.