They suggest that the fragmentation of
the brown bear genetic lines and subsequent hybridization with polar bears were caused by the onset of the Eemian (125 ka), last major warming period, and the «adaptive introgression» that resulted may have helped both polar and grizzly bears survive in their changing environments.
Although a decidedly different species, today's polar bears have Irish
brown bear genetic material in their cells, indicating that the polar bear «Eve» was brown and that bear evolution was far from simple.
Not exact matches
Oregon State University researchers are using DNA from residual saliva on partially consumed salmon to identify
bears from the
genetic samples, a significant boost to research on the population and health of
brown bears.
The study also shows that dispersing males connect the enigmatic
brown bear population of the Alaskan ABC - islands to the North American mainland, and that the resulting movement of genes is substantial enough to maintain high
genetic variability within this island population.
This is significantly older than previous estimates based on mtDNA, confirming recent observations from autosomal markers that
brown and polar
bears from a
genetic point of view represent highly distinct species.
Scientists at Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble analysed the
genetic make - up of
brown bears from all over Europe to find out which are the most closely related to the Pyrenees variety.
Yet,
brown bears and polar
bears, when they meet, can mate, as evidenced both by the
genetic record and observations in the wild.
TRUTH,
BEARED Though this Himalayan
brown bear looks distinctly ursine,
genetic analyses reveal that the animal has occasionally been mistaken for a yeti.
For comparison, the
genetic differences among giraffe species are at least as great as those between polar and
brown bears.
In
brown bears, the sequence of this gene varies from one
bear to another, but all the polar
bears surveyed have an identical version, with the exact same
genetic code at nine variable spots in the gene, about half of which should change the function of the APOB protein.
However, further analysis by Eliécer E. Gutiérrez, currently a postdoctoral fellow at the Smithsonian Institution, and Ronald H. Pine, affiliated with the Biodiversity Institute & Natural History Museum at the University of Kansas, have concluded that the relevant
genetic variation in
Brown Bears makes it impossible to assign, with certainty, Sykes and co-authors» samples to either that species or the Polar
Bear.
According to them, the
genetic differences among giraffe species are as great as those between polar and
brown bears.
Polar
bear and
brown have hybridized Previous analyses of
genetic material of polar
bears and
brown bears have proven already that the two species have hybridized during their long evolutionary history.
Brown bears and polar
bears, by contrast, evolved from the same ancestor only about 150,000 years ago — a relatively brief period — and have not developed significant
genetic differences.
A new study has suggested that the
genetic differences among giraffe species are as great as those between polar and
brown bears.
Interesting but it doesn't shed any light on the future (except that the
bears have limited
genetic diversity compared to
brown bears — but we knew this already — so the potential to «adapt» is limited from a
genetic perspective).
This behavior likely derives from a shared
genetic heritage with
brown bears, from which polar
bears separated about 600,000 years ago.
Although it is undisputed from analyses of mitochondrial (mt) DNA that polar
bears constitute a lineage within the
genetic diversity of
brown bears, timing estimates of their divergence have differed considerably.