The oligonucleotides, suspended in 1.5 M betaine in 3X SSC
buffer at a concentration of 500 ng / µl, were covalently linked in quadruplicate to aldehyde - coated glass microscope slides at a spacing of 250 microns.
Briefly, the cells were washed in ice - cold PBS and resuspended in binding
buffer at a concentration of 1 × 106 cells / mL.
Not exact matches
EM4CO4 and SF1009 - 3FO1 antibodies were immobilized
at 10 µl / min − 1 on a CM5 sensor chip by amine coupling and recombinant HA
at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 15 nM in HBS - EP
buffer were injected
at 20 µl / min − 1 over the immobilized antibodies or reference cell surface.
For experiments testing effects of pentobarbital on the ganglion cells, nembutal sodium solution (pentobarbital sodium; Oak Pharmaceuticals) was added to HEPES
buffer at a final
concentration of 150 or 800 μm.
For the other experiments, recombinant HA (His - tagged) was immobilized
at 5 µl / min − 1 on NTA sensor chips with a target density of 350 response units, and the antibodies
at concentrations ranging from 1 to 30 nM in HBS - P
buffer were injected
at 20 µl / min − 1 over the immobilized recombinant HA or reference cell surface, followed by a 600s dissociation phase.
The last steps of preparing a protein sample for downstream analyses, such as activity assays or structural studies, involve ensuring that the protein is in its native, soluble form, dissolved in the
buffer of choice, and
at an appropriate
concentration.
Proteins were
buffered in 10 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 500 mM NaCl and assayed in a 96 - well plate
at a final
concentration of 2 µM in 20 µl volume.
The samples were diluted with LDS
buffer (Life Technologies) and sample reducing agent (final
concentration 50 mM dithiothreitol, Life Technologies), and then heated
at 70 °C for 10 minutes.
The thing about phytate, yes it does bind certain mineral ions
at physiologic pH. But picture it like a
buffer, when fully saturated with goodies, it releases them when the
concentration becomes low... that is, when they are needed most.
At any rate, the oceans are acting as a CO2
buffer, meaning that it's absorbing CO2 as it tries to limit the change to the atmospheric
concentration.
The pace of the completely man - made CO2 increase (by now the CO2
concentration is higher than
at any time in the past three million years) leads to a rapid acidification of the world's oceans, because it overcomes the
buffer capacity of the oceans.
Bolin & Eriksson's «
buffer» factor would give about 10 times higher CO2
concentration in air vs. sea water
at about 0.0003 atmospheres CO2 partial pressure, increasing dramatically to an air / water CO2 partition coefficient of about 50:1
at a CO2 partial pressure of about 0.003 atmospheres (10 times the assumed pre-industrial level; Bacastow & Keeling, 1973; see Section 7 below for more on the «
buffer» factor).
The
concentration of CO2 (g) and of Ca2 + (aq) will in the equilibrium Earth system also be
buffered by the presence of CaCO3,
at a given temperature.