In November 2007, the container ship Cosco Busan released 54,000 gallons of
bunker fuel oil into San Francisco Bay.
Not exact matches
Traditionally the industry has been a heavy user of fossil
fuels, primarily
oil, the price of which has fluctuated from under $ 15 a barrel 20 years ago to peaks of $ 90 to over $ 100 now, making fossil
fuels such as
bunker oil vastly more expensive.
The
oil vapor, meanwhile, is condensed into a liquid
fuel, which is then further upgraded and processed to make a green
fuel similar to the
bunker fuel that is used in cargo ship engines and industrial boilers, for example, except it lacks the pollution - causing sulfur common to the
bunker fuel refined from petroleum.
It lists some 1700 of these wrecks, their
oil carried either as cargo or as
bunker fuel.
Regardless of whether they were carrying
oil as cargo, these ships all contain «
bunker fuel», a heavy
oil that can devastate marine life and fisheries.
As shipping increases, so will emissions from heavy
fuel oil — known as
bunker fuel — that powers most of the region's ships.
At Port Arthur what typically happens to our crude — because it's somewhere between 11 and 13 degree
oil — is it goes straight into
bunker fuel for ships.
According to Friends of the Earth, «The
bunker fuel spills by the Hanjin container ship that hit a bridge in San Francisco Bay on Nov. 7 and the Russian
oil tanker that broke in half during a storm in the Black Sea on Nov. 11 call attention to the harm caused by
bunker fuel when it is spilled.
How would a carbon tax on maritime
fuel (primarily residual
fuel oil, a / k / a
bunker fuel) spur further efficiency and innovation?
Same thing for imported
oil that's shipped thousands of miles from foreign countries, burning dirty
bunker fuel and diesel
fuel, a major cause of black carbon soot.
These new blends are likely to cost more initially than the «heavy
fuel oil»
bunkers (
fuel) used by the majority of ships today.
The proven health problems relating to the burning of fossil
fuels (especially coal,
bunkering oil used for shipping, and diesel
oil) are far worse than any that are claimed to be caused by wind turbines.
Obviously there should also be no new other fossil
fuel plants, and coal and
bunker oil should be shut down in a decade or so.