There is also another proposal, Segregated Witness (SegWit), which would be adopted through a soft fork and raise the block size ceiling to ~ 4 MB and also allow for further protocol improvements like Lightning Network which would reduce
the burden on block size even further with off - chain open payment channels.
However, here he noted the
size of the blockchain nodes hold would expand if the
block size is increased, increasing the cost
burden on those running nodes.