Although he had studied in Germany with Husserl, his own commitments were much more informed by the community of American thinkers mentioned above, and especially
by Peirce.
Thompson is right of course that synechism was put forth
by Peirce as regulative, not constitutive.
The generality intended here is supplied
by Peirce's concept of individual identity.
This is all the more remarkable in that it was the introduction of quanta which first caused physicists generally to take seriously the idea, so courageously defended
by Peirce, of a tychistic or random aspect of the physical world.
In 1925 he was assigned the task of editing the mostly unpublished philosophical papers of Charles Sanders Peirce (donated to Harvard
by Peirce's widow in 1914 at the urging of Josiah Royce).
That it is pure potentiality is argued
by Peirce when he indicates the grounds for saying that it can not remain inactive.
Not exact matches
The overall situation in matters of abstraction is triadic (to use the term favored
by C. S.
Peirce).
I will use the generic term «sign» from the semiotic tradition revived
by Charles
Peirce at the end of the nineteenth century to stand for any object of interpretation.
From
Peirce's claim that we can make our ideas clear
by considering their conceivable practical effects, to James's notion of truth's cash value in experiential terms, to Dewey's own view of the practical character of reality, the message seems to be that philosophy has more to offer than a therapeutic stance toward social issues and a rhetorical presentation of new suggestions.
One striking affinity between all these philosophers, except
Peirce, is the central role in their metaphysics played
by the notion of «the specious present.»
I agree but add: God had no alternative to willing that there be some free creatures, first because (pace Alston) the idea of not creating at all could occur (if I may say so) only to a confused creature, second because, as
Peirce, Bergson, and Whitehead have seen,
by a «creature» we can consistently mean only a lesser form of the freedom or creativity which in eminent form is deity.
He was aided in this
by Charles
Peirce's theory of interpretation as the structure of historical existence.
--
Peirce, quoted
by Hartshorne I have been preoccupied for a long time with the question, «How is our conscious experience related to our bodies?»
In this respect
Peirce's agape is inseparable from eros with respect to the goal or final end to be reached
by love.
This is why
Peirce says that agapastic evolution consists in a bestowal
by parents on offspring of spontaneous energy.
* There is now a superb biography of Charles S.
Peirce, with an excellent concluding essay on his thought
by the historian, who is also a capable philosopher, Professor Joseph Brent, who has become a close friend, although I had not heard of him until a year or so ago.
Now, what is important here is that the pattern of development from the finite to the infinite as
Peirce defines it can be accounted for
by the notion of agape.
This, I think, distinguishes them from Cartesian intuitions, which were rejected
by both Bergson and
Peirce.
I have tried to draw our some of the ideas in Putnam's account in «Infinitesimals as Origins of Evolution: Comments Prompted
by Timothy Herron and Hilary Putnam on
Peirce's Synechism and Infinitesimals,» Transactions of the Charles S.
Peirce Society 34/3 (1998).
6Hartshorne does not express which citation of
Peirce he had in mind, but it might be 1.362 in which
Peirce describes God as manifested
by the completely evolved universe in the infinitely distant future.
By these definitions lam not an idealist, nor were
Peirce or White - head.
Peirce distinguished psychics from physics
by attributing to the former but not the latter the admission of final causes.
Cf.
Peirce who describes an interpretant of a sign as «a feeling produced
by it,» thus closely linking the interpretation of a sign qua possibility (or mere potentiality) to a peculiar quality of feeling that is, to what is simply felt.
There is an obvious external comparison which could be drawn here with the evolutionary cosmology of C. S. Pence, in which the laws of nature are described as having evolved, as subject to change, and as having more the characteristic of habit.13 However, there is no evidence whatever that Whitehead knew of
Peirce's views or was in any way influenced
by them.14
Hartshorne sometimes explains this
by reference to what Whitehead termed the fallacy of simple location (CAP 110, 187; CP 468; PS 10: 94; OP 301f), but he also illustrates the point through Charles
Peirce's theory of categories (CAP 74 - 91, 103 - 113; CP 455 - 474; RNR 215 - 224).
In his early papers on cognitive faculties,
Peirce held that every cognition was determined
by a previous cognition.
I do not know whether he would have done this or not, since I believe that with his pragmatism he might have accommodated relativity physics without altering his epistemology, though I can not go into the question here.16 What seems to me clear is that the philosophical issues underlying Hartshorne's criticisms of
Peirce can not be settled
by theories of physics or the mathematics of continuity.
I do not intend
by my remarks about space - time to imply that, if
Peirce had known relativity physics, he would have given up his notion of individual identity as consisting in a continuity of reactions and accepted the idea of a definite single event as intelligible
by itself.
Peirce himself somewhere says that an individual is determinate, conforming to the law of excluded middle as to predicates; but he also says, and
by his tychism must say, that according to this definition there are no individuals, strictly speaking.
So, although for practical purposes our lack of intuitive certainties is much as
Peirce says, theoretically we can say what we mean
by definite relations and definite terms, and this seems an advantage.
«Existence, though brought about
by dyadism, or opposition, as its proper determination, yet, when brought about, lies abstractly and in itself considered, within itself» (1.461,
Peirce's emphasis).
Whatever
Peirce meant
by declaring individual identity to consist in a continuity of reactions, he did not mean that it consists in a collection of independent reactions.
That
Peirce had Kant in mind when he spoke of a regulative principle is indicated
by his reference to Kant in 3.612.
I am puzzled
by Thompson's suggestion that
Peirce can talk about definite experiences as sensations of reaction, whereas the continuity is in the reactions, not the sensations.
Peirce ends the paragraph
by remarking that this «common sense idea of continuity» is not that found in «the calculus and theory of functions,» according to which continuity «is only a collection of independent points.
The idea of the tense of timelessness (or the time of tenselessness, or the time of tenselessness) was first recognized
by apparently both
Peirce and Frege.
He had already been influenced
by William Ernest Hocking and Charles
Peirce, although these men's thoughts were also filtered through Hartshorne's own special interests and insights.19
1The papers referred to are «Questions Concerning Certain Faculties Claimed for Man» and «Some Consequences of Four Incapacities» in volume five of C. S.
Peirce: Collected Papers, edited
by C. Hartshorne and P. Weiss.
With them I take seriously the apparent asymmetry of becoming, time's arrow, according to which the past is (in
Peirce's words) «the sum of accomplished facts,» of definite particulars, whereas the future is exclusively constituted
by real Thirds, that is, not fully particularized generals, which will be somehow particularized as the future becomes past but are not particularized in advance or eternally.
After all the «yucky cross» comments
by others I decided to make up my own so I winged it with 2 parts flour, 1 part caster sugar and a little water to make a runny paste then put it in a freezer bag,
peirced the corner with a skewer and piped on my crosses - occassionally a little lump blocked the hole I just pinched it out and kept going - they turned out really well.
Based on the hit comic strip series
by Lincoln
Peirce, this family favourite jumps off the page and onto the stage.
C.S.
Peirce, for example, was a mathematician and geodesist
by profession, and he traveled with his reversion pendulum all over the world, in order to measure the fluctuations of the gravitational constant.
Joseph Henry of Washington, Benjamin
Peirce of Cambridge, James D. Dana of New Haven, James Hall of Albany, Alexis Caswell of Providence, Stephen Alexander of Princeton, Isaac Lea of Philadelphia, F. A. P. Barnard of New York, John S. Newberry of Cleveland, B. A. Gould of Cambridge, T. Sterry Hunt of Boston, Asa Gray of Cambridge, J. Lawrence Smith of Louisville, Joseph Lovering of Cambridge, and John LeConte of Philadelphia, their associates, the officers and members of the Association known as the «American Association for the Advancement of Science,» and their successors are hereby made a corporation
by the name of the «American Association for the Advancement of Science.»
What You Need To Know: Yes, it's a remake of Brian De Palma's 1976 psychological horror classic, this time directed
by «Boys Don't Cry» filmmaker Kimberly
Peirce.
Rated R Opens: October 18, 2013 Studio: Screen Gems Starring: Chloe Grace Moretz, Julianne Moore, Judy Greer, Alex Russell, Gabriella Wilde Directed
by: Kimberly
Peirce
http://www.nerdlocker.com This week the Nerds discuss recent movie trailers like: Carrie Directed
by: Kimberly
Peirce Starring: Chloë Grace Moretz, Julianne Moore, Judy Greer, Portia Doubleday, Alex. . .
Check out the changes for the following films: Carrie, the horror remake directed
by Kimberly
Peirce and starring Chloë Grace Moretz and Julianne Moore, will now...
Carrie is Directed
by Kimberly
Peirce (Stop - Loss, Boys Don't Cry) and is scheduled for a March 15th, 2013 release.
In 2013, only two of the year's top 100 grossing films were directed
by females: the Carrie remake was directed
by Kimberly
Peirce (Boys Don't Cry) and Frozen was co-directed
by Jennifer Lee and Chris Buck.
As reported
by Deadline, MGM, Screen Gems and director Kim
Peirce opted to go with Moretz for the lead role in their remake of Carrie.