Lake Taupo was created nearly two thousand years ago
by a volcanic eruption so big it darkened the skies in Europe and China.
It was created nearly two thousand years ago
by a volcanic eruption so big it darkened the skies in Europe and China.
Not exact matches
«I had done some work modeling aerosols produced
by volcanic eruptions for other projects,
so I started looking into how we might detect an
eruption and what it would tell us.»
So the report notes that the current «pause» in new global average temperature records since 1998 — a year that saw the second strongest El Nino on record and shattered warming records — does not reflect the long - term trend and may be explained
by the oceans absorbing the majority of the extra heat trapped
by greenhouse gases as well as the cooling contributions of
volcanic eruptions.
The short - term variations are dominated
by ENSO but also can be influenced
by large tropical
volcanic eruptions (such as occurred in 1963, 1982 and, markedly, 1991),
so the years after those
eruptions are anomalously cool.
I've sometimes thought that global cataclysms like the largest
volcanic eruptions would disrupt the glacial records
by many years, like Oruanui
eruption c. 26500bp, as these would induce unrecorded behavior in weather and other things, f.e. the huge ash deposits might decrease the albedo
so much a local melting event happens.
The models currently assume a generally static global energy budget with relatively little internal system variability
so that measurable changes in the various input and output components can only occur from external forcing agents such as changes in the CO2 content of the air caused
by human emissions or perhaps temporary after effects from
volcanic eruptions, meteorite strikes or significant changes in solar power output.
Moreover, the net TOA energy flux is profoundly influenced
by volcanic eruptions (not new) and almost simultaneously, but with some blurring,
so too is OHC.
How the seasonal weather changes at a particular climate depends on ocean currents
so you can have correlation between
volcanic eruptions and «global climate» but one is not necessarily affected
by the other.
The short - term variations are dominated
by ENSO but also can be influenced
by large tropical
volcanic eruptions (such as occurred in 1963, 1982 and, markedly, 1991),
so the years after those
eruptions are anomalously cool.
As they stand at present the models assume a generally static global energy budget with relatively little internal system variability
so that measurable changes in the various input and output components can only occur from external forcing agents such as changes in the CO2 content of the air caused
by human emissions or perhaps temporary after effects from
volcanic eruptions, meteorite strikes or significant changes in solar power output.
It is difficult to digitise the Figure 8.18 values for years affected
by volcanic eruptions,
so I have also adjusted the widely - used RCP4.5 forcings dataset to reflect the Section 7.5.3 observational estimate of current aerosol forcing, using Figure 8.18 and Table 8.7 data to update the projected RCP4.5 forcings for 2007 — 2011 where appropriate.