Sentences with phrase «by antibody»

Cats are not tested for feline leukemia virus and immune deficiency virus by antibody levels, but by the presence of the virus.

The symptoms of tularemia are similar to the symptoms of other bacterial diseases such as pseudotuberculosis and plague, so a definitive diagnosis requires the bacterium to be identified by either culture or by antibody testing.

Dogs showing clinical signs for > 7 days should be tested for CIV by an antibody test as the virus itself is often undetectable in later stages of illness, as is true for most respiratory viral infections.

Despite testing negative by antibody tests for Lyme disease, two of 10 subjects were still infected with Lyme bacteria in heart and bladder.

Some proteins or fragments of proteins are resistant to digestion and those that are not broken down in the digestive process are tagged by an antibody called Immunoglobulin E (IgE).

Though this presents reason for hope, I have to say that at this point I would not recommend anyone diagnosed with celiac by antibody testing or who has definite joint pains or rashes after eating gluten take the risk of re-exposing themselves.

Vaccines are used to offer protection against a number of diseases and so ensuring their effectiveness is important, and a study published in the journal Vaccine has reported that flu vaccines given in the morning brought about a greater immune (measured by antibody levels) response than those given in the afternoon.

The amyloidolytic response was associated with a pronounced infiltration of the amyloidoma with neutrophils and putatively involved opsonization of fibrils by the antibody, leading to cellular activation and release of proteolytic factors.

The results were even more auspicious when the investigators stratified vaccinated subjects by antibody responder status: subjects who successfully mounted an immunological response to the vaccine enjoyed statistically significant benefits as measured with the IGA, the two motor function subscales of the MDS - UPDRS, and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ - 39) of quality of life (though not on the PD Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMS - Quest / PD - NMS)-RRB-, while no benefit was observed in nonresponders on any scale (Table 1).

At 13 months of age, the intracellular MOAB - 2 immunolabel was hardly detectable in pyramidal neurons adjacent to amyloid plaques, the latter which were strongly labeled by this antibody and not by pab27576 (Additional file3: Figure S2 a-b).

While much recent research has not been published in this area, there is actually a long history of studies that show: (1) there is a significant number of antigens shared between tumors and embryonic tissues (called «oncofetal antigens») and, consequently, antibodies made against tumors can also recognize embryonic tissues, and vice versa; (2) pregnancy confers some immunity against cancer (accompanied by antibody production against oncofetal antigens), not only against its occurrence but also against its growth; (3) similar to pregnancy, an immune response against cancer can be generated by vaccinating animals with embryonic tissues.

Despite testing negative by antibody tests for Lyme disease, two of 10 subjects were still infected with Lyme bacteria in heart and bladder.

The mechanism that becomes effective is a destructive signal sent by the antibody to the inside of the cancer cell and initiates its death.

To their surprise, the researchers found that T cells were the most important component of the anti-tumor response induced by the antibody - IL - 2 combination.

This sensitivity was reversed by an antibody known to neutralise the molecule.

A radio - labeled human antibody binds to the viral gp41 protein expressed on the surface of the HIV - infected human lymphocyte and the cell is killed by alpha radiation delivered by the antibody.

So the researchers turned to a machine made by Quanterix of Lexington, Massachusetts, that uses magnetic beads coated by an antibody that binds selectively and extremely tightly to the protein in the blood.

«The holy grail is to target a piece of the virus by antibody or t cell,» Tom Evans, the CEO of a company called Vaccitech that is working on a universal vaccine they hope can be used to treat all strains of influenza A, told National Geographic.

Among the functions performed by antibodies are preventing bacterial invasion of the intestines, neutralizing toxins and killing viruses.

It used blood samples from individuals with celiac disease to see whether the proteins in gluten - free beer and gluten - removed beer were recognized by antibodies that were already present in the blood.

These illnesses are characterized by antibodies being produced by the mother against her own tissues.

Most food allergies are triggered by antibodies and cause immediate symptoms, like hives and difficulty breathing.

If you got yours while pregnant, your baby will be protected by your antibodies until he or she is old enough to get a shot.

The more immediate allergic response is anaphylaxis, which is moderated by antibodies made by B lymphocytes.

Of the genetically diverse population of HIV - 1 viruses present in an infected pregnant woman, the few she might transmit to her child during delivery are resistant to attack by antibodies in her blood, according to new research published in PLOS Pathogens by Amit Kumar of Duke University Medical Centre, North Carolina, and colleagues.

«Prion proteins with a trimmed version of the flexible tail can, however, no longer damage the brain cells, even if their switch has been recognized by antibodies,» explains Adriano Aguzzi.

A final series of tests confirmed that toxic compounds generated by antibodies kill bacteria without any help from other immune cells, like macrophages.

Another version, the CTC - iChip, rapidly isolates CTCs in a way that does not rely on preidentified tumor antigens, allowing capture of cells with gene expression patterns that may be missed by the antibodies used in the HBCTC - Chip.

Genetics had almost no effect on how well individuals responded to the flu vaccine, judged by antibodies produced against the injected material.

Islet autoimmunity, detected by antibodies that appear when the immune system attacks the islet cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, is a precursor to type 1 diabetes.

Their platelets were getting chewed up by their antibodies.

To validate the screen, the team tagged several of their favorite clock proteins with a short protein tag that's easily recognized by antibodies.

It is commonly misdiagnosed as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, but is a form of treatable brain inflammation caused by antibodies that attack the brain's NMDA receptors.

«These are the mutations we believe may allow the viruses to avoid being blocked by antibodies altogether.

Following transmission by mosquitoes, the early specific (also called adaptive) immune response to WNV is thought to be dominated by antibodies, and, consistent with this, the researchers found that older mice had less potent WNV - specific antibody responses during the early phase of infection.

Sperm - ZP binding was largely inhibited by glycoconjugates terminated with sialyl - Lewisx sequences or by antibodies directed against this sequence.

It is not yet known whether the dramatic and selective effects of the NGF antibodies are due to a direct toxic action of the antibodies on immature sympathetic neurons or to an inactivation by the antibodies of circulating molecules of NGF, thereby indirectly causing the death of the sympathetic neurons by depriving them of the NGF they need in order to survive.

«We suspect that when complement gets activated by antibodies, the malaria parasite gets coated with complement proteins that normally would kill it,» Stoute explained.

WtCXCR4 was detected equally by both antibodies on the cell surface (middle panel, top row) and intracellularly (middle panel, lower row).

antibody - mediated immunity - protection provided by antibodies (as opposed to cellular immunity) Also known as «humoral immunity.»

«HIV is a particularly nasty virus because it's learned how to avoid being recognized, being seen by antibodies,» said Burton.

Using molecular gymnastics, we identified parasite proteins that are only recognized by antibodies in children who were resistant to malaria but not by antibodies in susceptible children.

«We identified parasite proteins that are only recognized by antibodies in children who were resistant to malaria, but not by antibodies in susceptible children.»

While studying a group of women at risk of HIV in Mombasa, Kenya, senior author Overbaugh and colleagues noticed that one woman carried an AIDS virus that was easily inactivated by antibodies.

Dear Abcam, I am a current PhD student at Imperial College London working on a project that requires the identification of epitopes bound by antibodies that are ordered.

Furthermore, using a phospho - tyrosine [Y] 474 (in - house generated) and a phospho - serine [S] 176 (Cell Signaling, Inc., Danvers, MA) RIPK2 antibodies, we confirmed that active RIPK2 is recognized by these antibodies upon activation with MDP treatment in 293HEK fibroblast and HCT116 colon cancer epithelial cells (Fig. 3E, left panel) and detection of constitutively active RIPK2 in the colon cancer cell line SW480 (Fig. 3E, right panel).

Modulation of T cell and B cell interactions with vascular endothelial cells by antibodies, complement, and platelets

In their latest work, reported online in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, the scientists analyzed blood from such mice and identified two types of autoimmune response directed specifically against the protein, with the first response directed by a specialized kind of immune system cells called T cells and the second by antibodies.

This inspired her to complete her Ph.D. with a focus on antigen recognition by antibodies.

• Disease - driving pathways that involve the human immune system are often targeted by antibodies, and Organ - Chips recreate complex interactions of different human cell types and aspects of the human immune system, overcoming limitations of animal models which do not reflect all human immune cells.