Sentences with phrase «by bone tissue»

«About five percent of people have some kind of cartilage tumor in their bones, and in most cases it's because the growth - plate cartilage cells weren't fully replaced by bone tissue,» Alman said.

Not exact matches

Normally, the sensitive cord tissue is protected by the flexible stack of 33 bones that make up the spinal column.

One person who donates organs (hearts, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas and intestines) can save up to eight lives, while a tissue or eye donor (corneas, bone, skin, heart valves, tendons, veins, etc.) can improve more tha 75 lives by restoring eyesight, helping fight infections in burn patients and preventing the loss of mobility and disability.

A rare genetic disease leaves its victims debilitated by transforming soft tissue cells into bone cells, creating a strange second skeleton.

Often, the conditions are caused by the breakdown of discs, the load - bearing, donut - like structures that cushion the bones of the spine and are made mostly of a tissue called nucleus pulposus.

Although missing bone can be replaced by titanium, «there is no better substitute for lost tissue than living tissue,» bioengineer Gordana Vunjak - Novakovic at Columbia University explains.

Laser - stimulated fluorescence (LSF) is a revolutionary new technique using high power lasers that makes unseen soft tissues preserved alongside the bones, literally «glow in the dark» by fluorescence.

This work stems from a previous study by Varghese's group to understand how calcium phosphate minerals found in bone tissue induce stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts.

Researchers at the University of California San Diego have discovered an easy and efficient way to coax human pluripotent stem cells to regenerate bone tissue — by feeding them adenosine, a naturally occurring molecule in the body.

Photo (top): A «smart hip» developed by Clara Frias that reduces the number of surgical interventions and regenerates bone tissue in the hip area.

Because the bone ends are made of soft, spongy bone tissue, they are shaped over a lifetime of use and moulded by what that hand has done.

By monitoring stem cell differentiation on gels that mimic the stiffness and nanofibrous structure of biological tissue, researchers have identified the specific molecules that stem cells use when selecting bone and cartilage fates.

With this new understanding of how Del - 1 can inhibit periodontal bone loss — both by reducing inflammation and by restraining the activity of osteoclasts that resorb bone tissue — the researchers tested it, in a preclinical model of periodontitis observing that Del - 1 significantly reduced inflammation and tissue damage and that there was significantly less bone loss.

Myelofibrosis is a rare disease of the bone marrow, in which the bone marrow is replaced by connective tissue.

But strangely for an animal with a tougher bite than a great white shark, some of the bones that make up a T. rex skull are not fused and would only have been held together by connective tissue.

The foot is a wonderful machine made possible by the soft tissue that wraps those bones.

Prior research with cultured tissue had shown that a mix of chemicals could change bone marrow stem cells from mice to those resembling brain cells, but when a team led by neurologist Lorraine Iacovitti of Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia tried the same brew on human cells, the number altered was modest.

By early childhood, however, some of the body's connective tissues — including muscles, ligaments and tendons — have begun ossifying into skeletal bone, locking the joints and distorting posture and movement.

Some of the bones also had large longitudinal cracks, caused by poor - quality connective tissue within them — another symptom of vitamin C deficiency.

By looking at bone tissue under a microscope, Saitta says that he could tell that wasn't the case because some of each type of plate had finished growing — hallmark of a mature animal.

As for the bone tissue slides, Saitta stands by his interpretation.

«Although our study's results may in part be explained by joint injuries associated with high - level physical activity in those with a lower 2D: 4D and the greater susceptibility of knee OA in response to injury than hip OA, they may also reflect hormonal influences on the growth of bone, cartilage, and soft tissue, which warrants further investigation.»

Because bone marrow, colon, and liver are significantly different tissues, the investigators believe the pathway by which SW033291 speeds tissue regeneration is likely to work as well for treating diseases of many other tissues of the body.

Other work was intended to examine the link between radiation exposure and disease by measuring tissue levels of strontium - 90 and other elements; one strontium - 90 project, for example, examined bones taken from more than 3000 people between 1955 and 1973.

Tumor cells in primary bone cancer degrade bone tissue by means of specialised enzymes and receptor proteins.

A receptor is a molecule placed on the cell membrane which, in some cases, can direct material from the surroundings to be taken up by the cell and degraded, In the degradation of bone tissue, the receptor uPARAP plays a central role.

These bacterial films may have duped researchers by growing into the channels and spaces where the T. rex's blood vessels and bone cells (osteocytes) had once been, mirroring both the shape and elasticity of soft tissue.

Now, a new study suggests that the creature's ability to suppress and balance bone remodeling — the lifelong, two - step process by which mature bone tissue is removed from the skeleton (called resorption) and new tissue is created (called formation)-- may provide the elusive explanation.

Searches for cancer in ancient remains are plagued (no pun intended) by sampling errors — the signature of cancer can be detected in bones, but many skeletons are incomplete, and of course cancers do not always spread to bone after they originate in soft tissue.

They started by removing all living cells from donor bone fragments, so that the tissue regeneration could be accomplished only by the stem cells.

«Exercise - induced irisin may not only act as an endocrine factor capable of promoting the browning of white adipose tissue, but could also regulate bone metabolism by autocrine mechanisms,» said Chen, who also serves as faculty in the Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology program at the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at Tufts.

Bone cells normally adjust to repeated stresses by building up new bone tissue, which is constantly being recycBone cells normally adjust to repeated stresses by building up new bone tissue, which is constantly being recycbone tissue, which is constantly being recycled.

A team led by researchers at the Tufts University School of Engineering and the University of Pavia has reported development of the first three - dimensional tissue system that reproduces the complex structure and physiology of human bone marrow and successfully generates functional human platelets.

«Further experimentation will be needed to evaluate the involvement of irisin and other factors increased by exercise and expressed by bone, muscle and fat tissue.»

Because growing new blood vessels is such a critical part of bone repair, a team led by molecular endocrinologist Geert Carmeliet of Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium took a closer look at a protein that encourages blood vessel renewal in other injured tissues.

Researchers funded by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering at Tufts University and their collaborators have successfully developed a 3 - dimensional (3D) tissue - engineered model of bone marrow that can produce functional human platelets outside the body (ex vivo).

FOP is a severely disabling musculoskeletal disease characterized by extensive formation of endochondral bone within soft connective tissues.

Decorin is a protein that is part of connective tissue like bone, but that also plays a signaling role, interacting with growth factors to slow the rate that cells divide and multiply, unless turned off by too much p53.

Obesity is accompanied by ectopic lipid deposition in multiple tissues, including the skeleton, where infiltration of adipocytes into the bone marrow niche may negatively impact bone formation (7, 8).

A team of researchers led by Dr. Wei Yao of the University of California, Davis sought to build new bone tissue by directing mesenchymal stem cells to outer bone more quickly.

The previous discovery of soft, pliable tissues recovered from the dissolved remains of Tyrannosaur bone in 2005 [1], potentially marked a major turning point in the science of paleontology given that it extended the known range of preserved biomolecules by many orders of magnitude.

These were seeded into a tissue scaffold, formed into the precise shape of the human jaw bone by using digital images from a patient.

2D nanoparticles known as nanosilicates can be used to grow bone and cartilage tissue from human mesenchymal stem cells, according to new gene sequencing experiments by researchers at Texas A&M University in the US.

A team led by Akhilesh Gaharwar has now found that 2D nanosilicates (or nanoclays) can be used to grow bone and cartilage tissue in the absence of growth factors.

Adult stem / progenitor cells are present in many organs and tissues, e.g., bone marrow, teeth, heart, gut, kidney and liver, and remain quiescent for long period of time until activated by a disease or injury trigger.

Bone marrow - derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM - MSCs) are obtained by isolating mononucleated cells from a marrow aspirate by centrifugation on a density gradient, followed by adherent cell expansion in tissue culture.

* Adult mammals can restore other types of tissue, including bone, liver and skin tissue, but by the strictest definition — the faithful replacement of damaged or resected body parts — they can only regenerate their fingertips.

In the late 1940s, University of Chicago researcher Dr. Leon Jacobson discovered that he could save a mouse, whose bone marrow and spleen had been destroyed with radiation, by transplanting healthy spleen tissue from another mouse.

In a study using human muscle tissue, scientists in Children's Stem Cell Research Center - led by Johnny Huard, PhD, and Bruno Péault, PhD - isolated and characterized stem cells taken from blood vessels (known as myoendothelial cells) that are easily isolated using cell - sorting techniques, proliferate rapidly and can be differentiated in the laboratory into muscle, bone and cartilage cells.

Six tissue types, they found, were significantly «undertargeted» by pharmaceutical research: male reproductive tissues, embryonic structures, skin, cartilage, bone and lymph.